War and Peace — Page 4

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; third-person masculine pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese sentences.

自ら

mizukara — Oneself; by one's own hand or effort.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle between nouns.

使命

shimei — Mission; duty; calling one feels compelled to fulfill.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

果たし

hatashi — Fulfilled; accomplished a mission or obligation.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby things.

殺人者

satsujinsha — Murderer; person who has committed killing.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target.

して

shite — As; being; conjunctive form of suru.

悪漢

akkan — Villain; scoundrel; evil or wicked person.

人物

jinbutsu — Person; character; figure of notable standing.

おいて

oite — In; at; regarding a particular context or place.

かつて

katsute — Once; formerly; at some past time.

なく

naku — Without; lacking; negative connective form.

恐ろしい

osoroshii — Terrifying; dreadful; causing great fear.

存在

sonzai — Existence; being; presence of something or someone.

と

to — Particle meaning and, with, or quotation marker.

なった

natta — Became; past tense of naru, to become.

革命

kakumei — Revolution; radical political or social upheaval.

打ち砕く

uchikudaku — To smash; crush; shatter completely into pieces.

でしょう

deshō — Probably; I suppose; polite conjecture ending.

正義

seigi — Justice; righteousness; moral correctness.

者

sha / mono — Person; suffix indicating a person of a role.

血

chi — Blood; the red fluid flowing through the body.

復讐

fukushū — Revenge; vengeance; retribution for a wrong.

果たせる

hataseru — Able to fulfill or accomplish a goal.

我々

wareware — We; us; formal first-person plural pronoun.

だけ

dake — Only; just; nothing more than.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, are.

お聞き

okiki — Polite form of listening or asking a question.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form; and; also does.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future tense.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also means but.

一体

ittai — On earth; in the world; used for emphasis.

誰

dare — Who; which person; interrogative pronoun.

頼り

tayori — Reliance; dependence; something to rely on.

できる

dekiru — Can do; be able to; be possible.

いう

iu — To say; to call; to be called.

か

ka — Question marker particle at end of sentence.

商業

shōgyō — Commerce; trade; business dealings.

精神

seishin — Spirit; mind; mentality; mental attitude.

満ちた

michita — Filled with; full of; saturated by something.

イギリス

Igirisu — Britain; England; the United Kingdom.

皇帝

kōtei — Emperor; supreme monarch of an empire.

崇高

sūkō — Sublime; noble; lofty in character or spirit.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

魂

tamashii — Soul; spirit; the inner essence of a person.

理解

rikai — Understanding; comprehension; grasping meaning.

しよう

shiyō — Let's do; volitional form of suru.

しない

shinai — Do not do; negative present form of suru.

する

suru — To do; to perform; general action verb.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

でき

deki — Can; be able; stem form of dekiru.

ませ

mase — Polite negative auxiliary verb component.

ん

n — Negative ending; contraction of nai in polite speech.

から

kara — From; since; because; starting point particle.

撤退

tettai — Withdrawal; retreat; pulling back from a position.

拒否

kyohi — Refusal; rejection; declining a request firmly.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary; component of mashita.

た

ta — Past tense verb ending in Japanese.

行動

kōdō — Action; behavior; conduct; taking steps to act.

何らか

nanraka — Some kind of; some sort of; unspecified.

隠れた

kakureta — Hidden; concealed; secret motive or intention.

動機

dōki — Motive; motivation; reason behind an action.

見つけよう

mitsukeyō — Let's find; volitional form of mitsukeru.

おり

ori — Is; exists; humble or neutral continuous form.

今

ima — Now; currently; at this moment.

それ

sore — That; it; referring to something previously mentioned.

探し

sagashi — Searching; looking for something or someone.

続け

tsuzuke — Continue; keep doing; stem of tsuzukeru.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verbs or clauses.

い

i — Stem of iru; existing; being in a state.

どんな

donna — What kind of; what sort of; what type.

答え

kotae — Answer; response; reply to a question.

得た

eta — Obtained; received; past tense of eru.

何

nani — What; which thing; interrogative pronoun.

得られ

erarе — Can obtain; passive or potential form of eru.

でし

deshi — Polite past copula component; part of deshita.

人

hito — Person; human being; people in general.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

自身

jishin — Oneself; one's very own self; emphasis on self.

ため

tame — For; for the sake of; purpose or benefit.

望まず

nozomazù — Without wishing; not desiring; negative of nozomu.

ただ

tada — Only; merely; simply; just that and nothing more.

人類

jinrui — Humanity; humankind; all human beings collectively.

幸福

kōfuku — Happiness; well-being; state of being fortunate.

願う

negau — To wish; to hope; to desire earnestly.

我ら

warera — We; us; archaic or literary plural first person.

自己

jiko — Self; one's own ego or identity.

犠牲

gisei — Sacrifice; offering oneself for a greater cause.

ない

nai — Not; negative adjective or verb ending.

では

dewa — Well then; in that case; transitional expression.

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person masculine plural pronoun.

約束

yakusoku — Promise; commitment; agreement to do something.

そして

soshite — And then; and so; connecting events sequentially.

わずか

wazuka — Slight; tiny; only a little amount.

さえ

sae — Even; as long as; minimal condition particle.

実行

jikkō — Execution; carrying out a plan or promise.

無敵

muteki — Invincible; unbeatable; without equal in strength.

で

de — Particle indicating place of action or means.

あり

ari — Is; exists; conjunctive form of aru.

全

zen — All; entire; whole; prefix meaning complete.

ヨーロッパ

Yōroppa — Europe; the European continent.

前

mae — Before; in front of; prior.

無力

muryoku — Powerless; helpless; lacking strength or ability.

だ

da — Is; plain form copula asserting a state.

常

tsune — Always; constantly; at all times.

宣言

sengen — Declaration; proclamation; formal public announcement.

私

watashi — I; me; standard first-person singular pronoun.

言葉

kotoba — Words; language; speech; manner of speaking.

一言

hitokoto — A single word; one brief remark.

信じ

shinji — Believe; trust; stem of shinjiru.

名高い

nadakai — Famous; renowned; well-known; celebrated.

中立

chūritsu — Neutrality; not taking sides in a conflict.

など

nado — Etc.; and so on; such things as.

単なる

tannaru — Mere; nothing but; only; just a simple thing.

罠

wana — Trap; snare; deceptive scheme to catch someone.

過ぎ

sugi — Nothing more than; too much; exceeding a limit.

神

kami — God; deity; divine being.

敬愛

keiai — Reverence and affection; deep respectful love.

君主

kunshu — Monarch; sovereign; ruler of a nation.

運命

unmei — Fate; destiny; one's predetermined life course.

こそ

koso — Emphatic particle stressing the preceding word.

救う

sukuu — To save; to rescue; to deliver from danger.

彼女

kanojo — She; her; third-person feminine pronoun.

突然

totsuzen — Suddenly; abruptly; without warning.

止め

tome — Stop; halt; stem form of tomeru.

激しさ

hageshisa — Intensity; fierceness; vehemence; degree of passion.

微笑ん

hohoeん — Smiled; stem of hohoemu, to smile gently.

思う

omou — To think; to feel; to believe something.

公爵

kōshaku — Duke; high-ranking European or Japanese noble title.

微笑み

hohoemi — A smile; gentle expression of warmth or amusement.

ながら

nagara — While; doing two things simultaneously.

言っ

itt — Said; spoke; past stem of iu.

もし

moshi — If; supposing that; hypothetical conditional opener.

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun, polite.

親愛

shin'ai — Dear; beloved; expressing warm affection toward someone.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into; to result in.

代わり

kawari — Substitute; replacement; instead of someone else.

派遣

haken — Dispatch; sending someone on an official mission.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix or casual sentence-ending particle.

れ

re — Passive or potential verb suffix component.

たなら

tanara — If it were the case that; conditional past form.

王

ō — King; monarch; ruler of a kingdom.

同意

dōi — Agreement; consent; accepting another's proposal.

力ずく

chikarazuku — By force; using brute strength to achieve something.

勝ち取っ

kachitott — Won; seized by effort; past stem of kachitoru.

実

jitsu — Truth; reality; sincerity; truly in fact.

雄弁

yūben — Eloquence; persuasive and powerful speaking ability.

ね

ne — Isn't it; seeking agreement or gentle confirmation.

お茶

ocha — Tea; Japanese green tea; honorific form.

一杯

ippai — One cup; a drink; full to the brim.

いただけ

itadake — Could I receive; polite potential form of itadaku.

すぐ

sugu — Soon; immediately; right away; without delay.