White nights, and other stories — Page 14

Vocabulary

私

watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the sentence topic.

夢

yume — Dream; a vision or aspiration during sleep.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

中

naka — Inside, within, or in the middle of something.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

規則的

kisokuteki — Regular, systematic, or done in a patterned manner.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or target.

ロマンス

romansu — Romance; a romantic relationship or love affair.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

作り上げ

tsukuriage — To build up, create, or construct something completely.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending used in formal speech.

ああ

aa — Exclamation expressing realization, surprise, or emotion.

あなた

anata — Second-person pronoun meaning 'you'.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, or matter; nominalizer for verbs.

知ら

shira — Stem form of 'to know'; used before negation.

ない

nai — Negation suffix meaning 'not' or 'do not'.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'.

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; naturally; without a doubt.

二三人

nisan nin — Two or three people; a small number of individuals.

女性

josei — Woman; female person; the female gender.

会っ

at(te) — Stem of 'to meet'; encountered or met someone.

た

ta — Past-tense verb ending indicating completed action.

あり

ari — Existence or presence; stem form of 'aru'.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also means 'but'.

どんな

donna — What kind of; what sort of person or thing.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or living things.

だっ

dat(ta) — Past form of copula 'da'; meaning 'was' or 'were'.

でしょう

deshou — Polite conjecture meaning 'probably' or 'isn't it?'

彼女

kanojo — She, her; also means 'girlfriend'.

みんな

minna — Everyone, all, everybody together.

女主人

onnashujin — Mistress of the house; female host or landlady.

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; introducing a contrasting statement.

こんな

konna — This kind of; such a thing like this.

言え

ie — Potential or imperative form of 'to say'.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.

笑わ

warawa — Stem of 'to laugh'; used before causative or passive.

せ

se — Causative verb suffix meaning 'to make someone do'.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verb phrases.

しまう

shimau — To end up doing; often implies unintended completion.

何度

nando — How many times; many times; repeatedly.

も

mo — Also, too, even; inclusive or emphatic particle.

街

machi — Town, city street, or urban neighborhood.

一人

hitori — One person; alone; by oneself.

いる

iru — To exist or be; used for animate beings.

貴族

kizoku — Nobility; aristocrat; a person of noble rank.

ただ

tada — Just, merely, simply; free of charge.

単純

tanjun — Simple, plain, straightforward; not complex.

話しかける

hanashikakeru — To speak to someone; to start a conversation.

考え

kangae — Thought, idea, or way of thinking.

ある

aru — To exist, to have; used for inanimate things.

言う

iu — To say, to speak, to tell someone something.

まで

made — Until, up to, as far as a point.

なく

naku — Without; negative conjunctive form of 'nai'.

とき

toki — Time, moment, occasion when something occurs.

臆病

okubyou — Cowardice; timidity; being overly fearful or shy.

敬意

keii — Respect, reverence, esteem shown toward someone.

持っ

mot(te) — To hold, carry, or possess something.

情熱

jounetsu — Passion, enthusiasm, intense emotional feeling.

話しかけ

hanashikake — Act of initiating conversation; speaking to someone.

孤独

kodoku — Loneliness, solitude, isolation from others.

滅び

horobi — Ruin, destruction, perishing, or decline.

そう

sou — Like that; so; in that way or manner.

だ

da — Plain-form copula meaning 'is', 'am', 'are'.

と

to — Quotation particle; also means 'and' or 'with'.

伝え

tsutae — To convey, communicate, or pass on a message.

追い払わ

oiharawa — To drive away, chase off, or send someone away.

くれ

kure — Give me; do for me; request form of 'kureru'.

懇願

kongan — Earnest request, entreaty, or heartfelt plea.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of verb; also means 'and'.

知り合う

shiriau — To get to know each other; to become acquainted.

機会

kikai — Opportunity, chance, occasion to do something.

言い

ii — Stem form of 'to say'; used in compound verbs.

よう

you — Appearance, manner, like; also expresses intention.

な

na — Sentence-final particle expressing emotion or prohibition.

不運

fuun — Bad luck, misfortune, or unfortunate circumstances.

男

otoko — Man, male person, guy.

これほど

korehodo — To this extent; this much; so greatly.

願い

negai — Wish, desire, request, or heartfelt hope.

退け

shirizo(ke) — To repel, reject, or push away someone.

真

shin — Truth, genuineness, reality; true or real.

義務

gimu — Duty, obligation, responsibility one must fulfill.

訴える

uttaeru — To appeal, sue, or plead earnestly to someone.

つまり

tsumari — In other words; that is to say; namely.

求める

motomeru — To seek, demand, or ask for something earnestly.

だけ

dake — Only, just, merely; limiting a quantity or scope.

共感

kyoukan — Empathy, sympathy, or shared emotional understanding.

姉妹

shimai — Sisters; female siblings.

言葉

kotoba — Word, language, expression, or spoken phrase.

かけ

kake — To address or call out; stem of 'kakeru'.

一目

hitome — A glance, a look; seeing at first sight.

見

mi — To see, look at; stem form of 'miru'.

信頼

shinrai — Trust, reliance, confidence in someone or something.

話

hanashi — Story, conversation, talk, or spoken narrative.

聞い

kii — Stem of 'to listen'; heard or asked something.

もし

moshi — If; used to introduce a hypothetical condition.

望む

nozomu — To wish for, desire, or hope for something.

なら

nara — Conditional 'if'; assuming a given situation.

笑い

warai — Laughter, smile, a laugh or act of laughing.

励まし

hagemashi — Encouragement; cheering someone up or motivating them.

たった

tatta — Only, merely, just; emphasizing a small amount.

二言

futakoto — Two words; a brief statement or short remark.

ほんの

honnno — Just a little; merely; a very small amount.

言っ

it(te) — Past or conjunctive form of 'to say'.

たとえ

tatoe — Even if; even though; regardless of the case.

その後

sonogo — After that; afterward; subsequently.

二度

nido — Twice; two times; a second occurrence.

会わ

awa — Stem of 'to meet'; used before negation or conditionals.

でも

demo — Even so; but; even; however.

笑っ

warat(te) — Laughed; conjunctive or past form of 'to laugh'.

だからこそ

dakarakoso — That is precisely why; for that very reason.

話し

hanashi — To talk, speak; stem form used in compounds.

怒ら

okora — Stem of 'to get angry'; used before negation.

自分

jibun — Oneself; myself; yourself; one's own self.

自身

jishin — Oneself; emphasis on the self or person themselves.

敵

teki — Enemy, foe, opponent, or adversary.

試み

kokoromi — An attempt, trial, or effort to do something.

もしかしたら

moshikashitara — Perhaps, possibly, maybe; expressing uncertainty.

成功

seikou — Success; achievement of a desired goal or outcome.

かもしれない

kamoshirenai — Might, may, possibly; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

ません

masen — Polite negative verb ending meaning 'do not'.

ん

n — Informal version of 'no'; explanatory or softening particle.

あれほど

arehodo — To that extent; that much; so very much.

良い

yoi — Good, fine, excellent; a positive quality or state.

から

kara — Because; from; since; indicating cause or origin.