A Tale of Two Cities — Page 5

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — But; however; used to contrast two clauses.

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; until; even though.

แม้ว่า

máe wâa — Even though; although; despite the fact that.

ภาพ

phâap — Image; picture; visual representation.

ของ

khǎawng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle.

ธนาคาร

tha-naa-khaan — Bank; financial institution for saving money.

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker in Thai.

ติดตาม

tìt-taam — To follow; to track; to monitor someone.

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun.

อยู่

yùu — To be located; to stay; continuous aspect marker.

แทบ

thâaep — Almost; nearly; hardly; on the verge.

ตลอดเวลา

ta-lòot we-laa — All the time; constantly; without interruption.

และ

láe — And; also; conjunction linking words or clauses.

รถม้า

rót máa — Horse-drawn carriage; traditional wheeled horse vehicle.

อย่าง

yàang — Like; in a manner; type; kind.

สับสน

sàp-sǒn — Confused; chaotic; mixed up; bewildered.

ราวกับ

raao-gàp — As if; just like; as though something were true.

ความเจ็บปวด

khwaam jèp-pùat — Pain; suffering; physical or emotional hurt.

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun; that which.

แฝง

fàaeng — Hidden; concealed; lurking beneath the surface.

ใต้

tâi — Under; beneath; below something.

ฤทธิ์

rít — Power; effect; potency of a substance.

ยาชา

yaa chaa — Anesthetic; numbing medicine that reduces pain.

ก็

gôo — Also; then; particle indicating consequence or addition.

ยังมี

yang mii — There still is; also exists; additionally has.

กระแส

grà-sǎae — Current; flow; stream of energy or feeling.

ความรู้สึก

khwaam rúu-sùek — Feeling; emotion; sensation experienced internally.

อีก

ìik — Another; more; again; additional.

สาย

sǎai — Stream; line; strand; a flow of something.

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one; a single unit.

ไหลเวียน

lǎi wian — To circulate; to flow continuously throughout.

ไม่

mâi — Not; negative marker in Thai sentences.

หยุดหย่อน

yùt-yòn — To pause; to rest; to let up slightly.

ตลอด

ta-lòot — Throughout; all along; the entire duration.

คืน

khuuen — Night; nighttime; also means to return.

กำลัง

gam-lang — Currently; in the process of; strength or power.

เดินทาง

dəən-thaang — To travel; to make a journey somewhere.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away movement.

ขุด

khùt — To dig; to excavate into the ground.

ใคร

khrai — Who; whoever; which person.

บางคน

baang khon — Some people; someone; certain individuals.

ออกมา

òok maa — To come out; to emerge from inside.

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating at a place.

หลุมฝังศพ

lǔm fang sòp — Grave; burial pit for a dead body.

บัดนี้

bàt níi — Now; at this moment; at present (formal).

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a space or time.

บรรดา

ban-daa — Among; all of; the group of (collective).

ใบหน้า

bai nâa — Face; the front part of the head.

จำนวน

jam-nuan — Number; quantity; amount of something.

มาก

mâak — Many; much; a lot; very.

ปรากฏขึ้น

praa-gòt khûen — To appear; to emerge; to become visible.

ต่อหน้า

tòo nâa — In front of; before someone's eyes.

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something mentioned.

ใด

dai — Any; which; whichever; interrogative determiner.

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; to become.

แท้จริง

tháe-jing — True; real; genuine; in actual fact.

ผู้ที่

phûu thîi — The person who; those who; one that.

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; correct; passive marker.

ฝัง

fǎng — To bury; to inter in the ground.

เงา

ngao — Shadow; shade; reflection; dark silhouette.

มืด

mùet — Dark; darkness; absence of light.

แห่ง

hàeng — Of; place classifier; belonging to a location.

ราตรี

raa-trii — Night; nighttime (formal or poetic usage).

มิได้

mí dâi — Did not; was unable to (formal negative).

บอก

bòok — To tell; to say; to inform someone.

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative particle.

รู้

rúu — To know; to understand; to be aware.

ทุก

thúk — Every; all; each without exception.

ล้วน

lúan — All; entirely; every single one of them.

ชาย

chaai — Man; male; masculine gender.

วัย

wai — Age; period of life; life stage.

สี่สิบ

sìi-sìp — Forty; the number forty.

ห้า

hâa — Five; the number five.

ปี

pii — Year; years old; annual period.

แตกต่างกัน

tàaek-tàang-gan — Different from each other; varying; diverse.

หลักๆ

làk-làk — Mainly; primarily; key aspects of something.

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion; mood; feeling; temperament.

แสดงออก

sà-daeng òok — To express; to show outwardly one's feelings.

มา

maa — To come; directional particle toward the speaker.

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizer prefix for abstract nouns and concepts.

น่า

nâa — Worthy of; deserving; makes adjectives from verbs.

สยดสยอง

sa-yòt sa-yǎawng — Horrifying; terrifying; causing extreme dread.

สภาพ

sà-phâap — Condition; state; situation of something.

อัน

an — Classifier for various objects; which; that.

โทรม

soom — Deteriorated; worn out; in poor condition.

ซูบผอม

sûup phǎawm — Gaunt; thin and hollow-cheeked; emaciated.

ภาคภูมิใจ

phâak-phuumi-jai — Proud; feeling pride and dignity in oneself.

ดูถูก

duu thùuk — To look down on; to belittle; to scorn.

การ

gaan — Nominalizer for actions; the act of doing.

ท้าทาย

tháa-thaai — To challenge; to dare; defiant confrontation.

ดื้อรั้น

dûue-rán — Stubborn; obstinate; refusing to yield or comply.

ยอมจำนน

yaawm jam-non — To surrender; to give in; to capitulate.

โอดครวญ

òot-khruan — To moan; to wail; to lament in grief.

สลับ

sa-làp — To alternate; to switch; to interchange.

เวียนกัน

wian-gan — To take turns; rotating among each other.

เช่นเดียวกับ

chên diao gàp — Just like; same as; in the same way.

แก้ม

gâaem — Cheek; the side of the face below eye.

ตอบ

tòop — To answer; to reply; to respond.

ลึก

lúek — Deep; profound; far below the surface.

สีผิว

sǐi phǐu — Skin color; complexion; tone of the skin.

ซีดเซียว

sîit-siao — Pale; pallid; unhealthy whitish complexion.

ราว

raao — About; approximately; around a number.

ศพ

sòp — Corpse; dead body; a deceased person.

มือ

muue — Hand; the limb used for grasping.

ร่างกาย

râang gaai — Body; the physical form of a person.

ผ่าย

phàai — Thin; lean; slender; slightly emaciated.

ผอม

phǎawm — Thin; skinny; having little body fat.

โดยรวม

dooi ruam — Overall; in general; taken as a whole.

แล้ว

láaeo — Already; then; completion aspect marker.

เดียว

diao — Single; alone; only one; sole.

ศีรษะ

sǐi-sà — Head; the topmost part of the body.

หงอก

ngòok — Gray hair; white hair from aging.

ขาว

khǎao — White; the color white; pale.

ก่อน

gòon — Before; previously; earlier in time.

ผู้โดยสาร

phûu dooi sǎan — Passenger; someone riding in a vehicle.

งัวเงีย

nguua-ngia — Groggy; drowsy; dazed and half-awake.

ถาม

thǎam — To ask; to question; to inquire.

ผี

phǐi — Ghost; spirit; supernatural being.

ร้าย

ráai — Evil; wicked; bad; malicious.

ซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่า

sám-láaeo-sám-lâo — Over and over again; repeatedly without stopping.

ร้อย

róoi — Hundred; one hundred; strung together.

ครั้ง

kráng — Time; instance; occurrence of an event.

ว่า

wâa — That; saying; quotation marker; to say.

นาน

naan — Long time; for a long duration.

เท่าใด

thâo rai — How much; how long; to what extent.

คำตอบ

kham tòop — Answer; reply; response to a question.

เช่นเดิม

chên dəəm — The same as before; unchanged; as usual.

เสมอ

sa-mǒə — Always; consistently; even; level.

เกือบ

gùuap — Almost; nearly; not quite reaching.

สิบแปด

sìp-pàaet — Eighteen; the number eighteen.

ท่าน

thân — You (formal/respectful); honorable person.

สิ้นหวัง

sîn wǎng — Hopeless; desperate; without any hope remaining.

ได้รับ

dâi ráp — To receive; to obtain; to get something.

ใช่ไหม

châi mǎi — Right?; isn't it?; confirmation question tag.

ทราบ

sâap — To know; to be aware (polite formal register).

ไหม

mǎi — Question particle at sentence end; right?

เรียก

rîak — To call; to summon; to name something.

สู่

sùu — To; toward; in the direction of.

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; existence; living state of a being.

พวกเขา

phûuak khǎo — They; them; those people (third-person plural).

ฉัน

chǎn — I; me; first-person pronoun (informal female).

เช่นนั้น

chên nán — Like that; in that way; such a manner.

หวังว่า

wǎng wâa — To hope that; wishing something will happen.

อยาก

yàak — To want; to desire; to wish for something.

มีชีวิต

mii chii-wít — To be alive; to have life; living.

ไม่ได้

mâi dâi — Cannot; did not; unable to; negates ability.

พา

phaa — To take someone; to lead; to bring along.

พบ

phóp — To meet; to find; to encounter someone.

เธอ

thəə — You; she; her; second or third person pronoun.

สำหรับ

sǎm-ràp — For; intended for; designated to someone.

คำถาม

kham thǎam — Question; inquiry; something asked of someone.

นี้

níi — This; these; referring to something nearby.

มี

mii — To have; there is; to exist; to possess.

หลากหลาย

làak-lǎai — Various; diverse; many different kinds.

ขัดแย้ง

khàt-yáaeng — To contradict; to conflict; to be opposed.

กัน

gan — Each other; together; mutually; reciprocal marker.

บางครั้ง

baang-kráng — Sometimes; occasionally; at certain times.

ขาดๆ หายๆ

khàat-khàat hǎai-hǎai — Intermittent; on and off; fragmentary and incomplete.

คือ

khuue — Is; means; that is to say; namely.

รอ

roo — To wait; to wait for someone or something.