A Tale of Two Cities — Page 15

Vocabulary

บัดนี้

bat-níi — At this moment; right now; currently

หาก

hàak — If; in the event that; supposing

ภรรยา

phan-rá-yaa — Wife; a man's married female partner

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

หมอ

mɔ̌ɔ — Doctor; physician; medical professional

ผู้นี้

phûu-níi — This person; referring to a specific individual

แม้

mɛ́ɛ — Even though; although; despite the fact

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker; about to

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as something

สตรี

sà-dtrii — Woman; female person; lady (formal)

ที่

thîi — That; which; relative pronoun or place marker

มี

mii — To have; to possess; there is/are

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality

กล้าหาญ

glâa-hǎan — Brave; courageous; bold in facing danger

และ

lɛ́ — And; also; connecting words or clauses

จิตใจ

jìt-jai — Mind; heart; one's inner mental state

เข้มแข็ง

khêm-khɛ̌ng — Strong; resilient; mentally or physically tough

ยิ่ง

yîng — Even more; exceedingly; to a greater degree

นัก

nák — Very; extremely; intensifier for adjectives

ได้รับ

dâai-ráp — To receive; to obtain; to be given something

ทุกข์ทรมาน

thúk-thɔ-rá-maan — To suffer greatly; endure pain and torment

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; like; as; in the way of

สาหัส

sǎa-hàt — Severe; serious; extremely intense or grave

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating at a point

เหตุ

hèet — Cause; reason; event that triggers something

นี้

níi — This; indicating something near or just mentioned

ก่อน

gɔ̀ɔn — Before; prior to; earlier in time

บุตร

bùt — Child; son or daughter (formal term)

น้อย

nɔ́ɔi — Little; small; few in amount or size

เธอ

thəə — She; her; you (informal, often female)

ถือกำเนิด--

thǔu-gam-nə̀ət — To be born; to come into existence (formal)

นั้น

nán — That; referring to something previously mentioned

บุตรสาว

bùt-sǎao — Daughter; one's female child (formal term)

ท่าน

thân — You or he/she (formal, respectful pronoun)

ครับ

khráp — Polite particle used by male speakers

ธุรกิจ--

thú-rá-gìt — Business; commercial activity; professional affairs

อย่า

yàa — Don't; imperative negative command particle

วิตกกังวล

wí-dtòk-gang-won — To worry; to feel anxious about something

เลย

ləəi — At all; ever; right away; intensifier particle

คุณผู้หญิง

khun-phûu-yǐng — Ma'am; respectful title for a distinguished woman

ผู้

phûu — Person; one who; prefix indicating a person

น่าสงสาร

nâa-sǒng-sǎan — Pitiful; deserving sympathy or compassion

ถือกำเนิด

thǔu-gam-nə̀ət — To be born; to come into the world

จน

jon — Until; up to the point; so that

ตัดสินใจ

dtàt-sǐn-jai — To make a decision; to resolve to do

ช่วย

chûuai — To help; to assist; to aid someone

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative verb marker

พ้น

phón — To be free from; to escape; to pass beyond

การ

gaan — Activity; action; noun-forming prefix for actions

สืบทอด

sùuep-thɔ̂ɔt — To inherit; to carry on; to pass down

เจ็บปวด

jèp-pùuat — To feel pain; to ache; to suffer physically

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any; whatsoever; of any kind at all

เคย

khəəi — Used to; ever; have done before previously

รู้จัก

rúu-jàk — To know someone; to be acquainted with

ด้วย

dûuai — Also; too; with; by means of

เลี้ยงดู

líang-duu — To raise; to nurture; to care for someone

มา

maa — To come; directional verb particle toward speaker

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or period

เชื่อ

chûuea — To believe; to trust; to have faith in

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; complementizer linking clauses

บิดา

bì-daa — Father; male parent (formal or literary term)

ได้

dâai — Can; to be able to; past tense marker

ตาย

dtaai — To die; to pass away; to cease living

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle away from speaker

แล้ว--

lɛ́ɛo — Already; then; indicating a completed action

ไม่

mâi — Not; negative marker for verbs and adjectives

คุกเข่า

khúk-khào — To kneel; to get down on one's knees

พระนาม

phrá-naam — Royal name; the name of a revered person

สวรรค์

sà-wǎn — Heaven; paradise; the divine celestial realm

เหตุใด

hèet-dai — Why; for what reason; what cause

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; so; consequently; as a result

ต้อง

dtɔ̂ng — Must; have to; be required to do

ต่อ

dtɔ̀ɔ — To; toward; per; continuing on to something

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa-phá-jâo — I; me (formal and literary first-person pronoun)

เพื่อ

phʉ̂ua — For; in order to; for the purpose of

ความจริง

khwaam-jing — Truth; reality; what is actually the case

โอ้

ôo — Oh; exclamation expressing surprise or emotion

ที่รัก

thîi-rák — Dear; beloved; term of endearment for someone

ผู้ดี

phûu-dii — Gentleman or lady; person of good breeding

ผู้มี

phûu-mii — One who has; a person who possesses something

เมตตา

mét-dtaa — Loving kindness; benevolence; compassionate goodwill

เรื่อง

rûuang — Story; matter; topic; affair being discussed

ธุรกิจ

thú-rá-gìt — Business; commercial enterprise; professional dealings

ทำให้

tham-hâi — To cause; to make something happen or become

สับสน

sàp-sǒn — Confused; mixed up; in a state of disorder

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

อย่างไร

yàang-rai — How; in what way; by what manner

อยู่

yùu — To be at; to stay; ongoing aspect marker

เรา

rao — We; us; I (informal first-person pronoun)

ใช้

chái — To use; to employ; to make use of

สติ

sà-dtì — Mindfulness; consciousness; presence of mind

ดี

dii — Good; fine; well; of positive quality

กรุณา

gà-rú-naa — Please; kindness; polite request particle

กล่าว

glàao — To say; to speak; to state formally

ถึง

thʉ̌ng — To reach; about; regarding; up to a point

ตอน

dtɔɔn — Time; period; part; episode of something

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like for instance

เก้า

gâo — Nine; the number 9

คูณ

khuun — To multiply; multiplication in mathematics

เพนนี

phen-nii — Penny; a small British or American coin

เท่ากับ

thâo-gàp — Equals; is the same amount as; equivalent to

เท่าไร

thâo-rai — How much; how many; asking about quantity

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; question particle at sentence end

ยี่สิบ

yîi-sìp — Twenty; the number 20

กินี

gi-nii — Guinea; old British gold coin worth 21 shillings

กี่

gìi — How many; how much (asking for a number)

ชิลลิง

chin-líng — Shilling; former British coin worth twelve pence

นั่น

nân — That; referring to something over there

คง

khong — Probably; likely; remains stable; presumably so

กำลังใจ

gam-lang-jai — Encouragement; morale; mental strength and spirit

รู้สึก

rúu-sʉ̀k — To feel; to sense; to be aware of

สบายใจ

sà-baai-jai — At ease; feeling relieved and mentally comfortable

ขึ้น

khʉ̂n — Up; to increase; directional particle upward

มาก

mâak — Very; much; a lot; to a great degree

เกี่ยวกับ

gìiao-gàp — About; regarding; related to a subject

สภาพจิตใจ

sà-phâap-jìt-jai — Mental state; psychological condition of a person

โดย

dooi — By; by means of; through a method

ไม่ได้

mâi-dâai — Did not; cannot; negative past or ability marker

ตอบ

dtɔ̀ɔp — To answer; to respond; to reply to something

คำร้อง

kham-rɔ́ɔng — Petition; appeal; formal request or complaint

โดยตรง

dooi-dtrong — Directly; straight; without going through intermediary

นั่ง

nâng — To sit; to be seated in a position

นิ่ง

nîng — Still; motionless; quiet and unmoving

เมื่อ

mʉ̂ua — When; at the time that; once something happened

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

ค่อยๆ

khɔ̂i-khɔ̂i — Gradually; slowly and gently step by step

พยุง

phá-yung — To support; to prop up; to steady someone

นุ่มนวล

nûm-nuan — Gentle; soft; smooth and tender in manner

มือ

mʉʉ — Hand; the human hand used for grasping

หยุด

yùt — To stop; to halt; to cease movement

กุม

gum — To grip; to hold; to clasp tightly

ข้อมือ

khɔ̂ɔ-mʉʉ — Wrist; the joint connecting hand and forearm

ก็

gɔ̂ɔ — Also; then; so; discourse connective particle

มั่นคง

mân-khong — Stable; firm; secure and unwavering in position

กว่า

gwàa — Than; more than; comparative marker in sentences

แต่ก่อน

dtɛ̀ɛ-gɔ̀ɔn — Formerly; in the past; before this time

สามารถ

sǎa-mâat — To be able to; can; capable of doing

มั่นใจ

mân-jai — Confident; certain; sure about something

บาง

baang — Some; a few; thin; partial amount of something

ส่วน

sùuan — Part; portion; section of a whole thing

แก่

gɛ̀ɛ — To; for; old; toward someone (dative marker)

คุณ

khun — You; Mr./Ms.; polite second-person pronoun

ถูกต้อง

thùuk-dtɔ̂ng — Correct; right; accurate; in accordance with facts

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; then; particle for completed actions

กล้า

glâa — Brave; daring; bold enough to do something

เข้าไว้

khâo-wái — Hold on; keep it up; maintain the effort

รอ

rɔɔ — To wait; to await; to stay until something

เบื้องหน้า

bʉ̂uang-nâa — Ahead; in front; in the future before one

ประโยชน์

prà-yòot — Benefit; use; advantage gained from something

มารดา

maan-daa — Mother; female parent (formal or literary term)

ดำเนิน

dam-nəən — To proceed; to carry out; to conduct an activity

แนวทาง

nɛɛo-thaang — Guideline; approach; direction or course of action

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with someone or something