A Tale of Two Cities — Page 16

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

เมื่อ

mʉ̂a — When; used to indicate a point in time.

เธอ

thoe — She, her, or you (informal, often feminine).

สิ้นใจ

sin jai — To breathe one's last; to die.

ลง

long — To go down; descend; directional particle downward.

ด้วย

dûay — Also, with, or by means of something.

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix expressing abstract state or quality.

โศก

sôk — Sorrow, grief, or deep sadness.

เศร้า

sâo — Sad, sorrowful, feeling unhappy or melancholy.

จน

jon — Until; to the point of; also means poor.

แทบ

thâep — Almost, nearly, barely; on the verge of.

จะ

ja — Future tense marker; will, going to do.

สลาย

salǎai — To disintegrate, collapse, or fall apart completely.

ใจ

jai — Heart, mind, or inner feelings and emotions.

โดย

doi — By, via, or by means of something.

ที่

thîi — At, which, that; relativizer and location marker.

ไม่

mâi — Negation particle meaning 'not' or 'no'.

เคย

khoei — Ever; to have previously experienced something before.

ละ

la — To abandon, leave behind, or give up.

พยายาม

phayaayaam — To try, attempt, or make an effort.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context.

การ

kaan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes; act of.

ตาม

taam — To follow, according to, or in pursuit of.

หา

hǎa — To search for, look for, seek something.

บิดา

bidaa — Father (formal or literary usage).

ของ

khɔ̌ng — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

คุณ

khun — You (polite); also a title of respect.

แม้

mâe — Even though, although, even if; concessive conjunction.

แต่

tàe — But, only, just; contrastive or restrictive conjunction.

น้อย

nɔ́i — Little, few, small in quantity or degree.

ได้

dâi — Can, able to; past tense marker; to get.

จาก

jàak — From, away from; indicating origin or separation.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating movement away.

ทิ้ง

thíng — To abandon, discard, or leave someone behind.

ไว้

wái — To keep, place, or leave something for later.

ตอน

tɔɔn — Time period, episode, or a particular moment.

อายุ

aayú — Age; the number of years someone has lived.

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limiting quantity or degree.

สอง

sɔ̌ɔng — Two; the number 2.

ขวบ

khùap — Year of age (classifier for children's age).

เพื่อ

phʉ̂a — In order to, for the purpose of doing.

ให้

hâi — To give; causative marker; for someone's benefit.

เติบโต

tòep too — To grow up, develop, or mature over time.

ขึ้น

khʉ̂n — To go up, rise; upward directional particle.

มา

maa — To come; directional particle toward the speaker.

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner of; like; type or kind.

สดใส

sòt sǎi — Bright, cheerful, fresh, and radiant in spirit.

สวยงาม

sǔay ngaam — Beautiful, lovely, and aesthetically pleasing in appearance.

มี

mii — To have, there is, there are; to possess.

สุข

sùk — Happiness, well-being, contentment, or comfort.

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must, have to; obligatory action or necessity.

แบก

bàek — To carry on one's back or shoulders; bear burden.

รับ

ráp — To receive, accept, or take something offered.

เมฆ

mêek — Cloud; mass of water vapor in the sky.

มืด

mʉ̂ʉt — Dark, dim, lacking light; gloomy darkness.

แห่ง

hàeng — Of, at; classifier for places or locations.

แน่นอน

nâe nɔɔn — Certainly, definitely, for sure; expressing certainty.

ว่า

wâa — That; quotative marker; to say or think.

นั้น

nán — That, those; distal demonstrative pronoun or determiner.

สิ้น

sîn — To end, finish, expire, or be depleted.

คุก

khúk — Prison, jail; place of confinement for criminals.

เร็ว

reo — Fast, quick, rapid in speed or action.

ใด

dai — Any, which; interrogative or indefinite pronoun.

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; question particle at end of yes/no questions.

ทน

thon — To endure, tolerate, bear, or withstand hardship.

ทุกข์

thúk — Suffering, pain, distress; Buddhist concept of suffering.

ทรมาน

thoramaan — To torment, torture; to suffer great pain.

อยู่

yùu — To be, live, stay, or remain somewhere.

นั่น

nân — That (thing over there); distal demonstrative pronoun.

ตลอด

talɔ̀ɔt — Throughout, all along, the entire duration of.

หลาย

lǎai — Many, several, multiple; more than a few.

ปี

pii — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months.

ยาวนาน

yaao naan — Long, prolonged, lasting a very long time.

ขณะ

khanà — While, at the moment, during a period of time.

เขา

khǎo — He, she, they; third-person pronoun in Thai.

กล่าว

klàao — To say, speak, or utter (formal register).

คำ

kham — Word; unit of language; also a syllable.

เหล่า

lào — Those; plural marker or group of things/people.

ก็

kɔ̂ — Also, then, well; connecting or softening particle.

มอง

mɔɔng — To look at, gaze upon, observe something visually.

เมตตา

mettaa — Loving kindness, compassion, goodwill toward others.

ปน

pon — To mix, blend, or be combined with something.

ชื่นชม

chʉ̂ʉn chom — To admire, appreciate, or express admiration warmly.

ผม

phǒm — Hair (on head); also 'I/me' for males.

สีทอง

sǐi thɔɔng — Golden color; the color of gold.

ไหล

lǎi — To flow, stream, or run as liquid does.

พลิ้ว

phliw — To flutter, wave gently, or ripple in breeze.

ราวกับ

raao kàp — As if, as though, like; making a comparison.

กำลัง

kamlang — Currently doing; in the process of; also strength.

นึก

nʉ́k — To think, recall, imagine, or picture in mind.

ภาพ

phâap — Picture, image, or visual representation of something.

เส้น

sên — Line, strand, string; classifier for long thin objects.

อาจ

àat — Might, may, possibly; expressing uncertainty or possibility.

เริ่ม

rôem — To begin, start, or commence an action.

สี

sǐi — Color; hue; also to paint or color something.

เทา

thao — Gray; the color between black and white.

ปะปน

papon — To be mixed together, mingled, or intermingled.

แล้ว

lɛ́eo — Already; completion marker; then, after that.

ทราบ

sâap — To know, be aware of (polite/formal register).

ดี

dii — Good, fine, well, beneficial, or virtuous.

มารดา

maaradaa — Mother (formal or literary term for mother).

ทรัพย์

sáp — Wealth, property, assets, or financial resources.

สมบัติ

sǒmbàt — Treasure, property, wealth, or valued possessions.

มากมาย

mâak maai — Plenty, abundant, a great deal of something.

นัก

nák — Very, greatly; also a person skilled in something.

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, matter; a general abstract noun.

พวก

phûak — Group, gang, bunch; plural marker for people.

คุ้มครอง

khúm khrɔɔng — To protect, guard, shelter, or keep safe.

แก่

kàe — To, for (dative); also old, elderly in age.

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and some objects.

ค้นพบ

khón phóp — To discover, find out, or uncover something new.

เงินทอง

ngoen thɔɔng — Money and gold; wealth, financial assets collectively.

ทรัพย์สิน

sáp sǐn — Property, assets, belongings owned by someone.

อื่น

ʉ̀ʉn — Other, another, different; referring to something else.

ใหม่

mài — New, fresh, again; recently made or started.

รู้สึก

rúu sʉ̀k — To feel, sense, or perceive an emotion.

จับ

jàp — To grab, catch, hold, or grasp something.

ข้อมือ

khɔ̂ɔ mʉʉ — Wrist; the joint connecting hand and forearm.

แน่น

nâen — Tight, firm, tightly packed, or secure.

หยุด

yùt — To stop, halt, cease an action or movement.

พูด

phûut — To speak, talk, say, or converse with someone.

สีหน้า

sǐi nâa — Facial expression; the look on one's face.

บน

bon — On, upon, above, on top of something.

หน้าผาก

nâa phàak — Forehead; the area above the eyebrows.

ดึงดูด

dʉng dùut — To attract, draw in, or captivate someone's attention.

สนใจ

sǒn jai — To be interested in, pay attention to something.

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating state or identity.

พิเศษ

phísèet — Special, extraordinary, unique, or exceptional in quality.

ซึ่ง

sʉ̂ng — Which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses.

นี้

níi — This; proximal demonstrative pronoun or determiner.

แข็งทื่อ

khǎeng thʉ̂ʉ — Stiff, rigid, frozen, unable to move.

นิ่ง

nîng — Still, motionless, silent, not moving at all.

ขยับ

khayàp — To move slightly, shift, or adjust position.

เปลี่ยน

plìan — To change, switch, or alter something.

เจ็บปวด

jèp pùat — To hurt, feel pain, ache physically or emotionally.

สยดสยอง

sayòt sayɔɔng — Horrifying, terrifying, causing horror and revulsion.

พบ

phóp — To find, meet, or encounter someone or something.

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; still continuing a state or action.

ชีวิต

chiiwít — Life; one's existence or living experience.

เปลี่ยนแปลง

plìan plɛɛng — To change, transform, or undergo significant alteration.

มาก

mâak — Very, much, a lot; high degree or quantity.

เกิน

koen — Too much, exceeding, beyond a limit or measure.

เกือบ

kʉ̀ap — Almost, nearly, on the verge of something.

พัง

phang — To collapse, break down, fall apart, or crumble.

ทลาย

thalǎai — To demolish, crumble, or break down completely.

เรา

rao — We, us; first-person plural pronoun in Thai.

หวัง

wǎng — To hope, wish, or expect something to happen.

สุด

sùt — Most, utmost, extreme; superlative degree marker.

กระนั้น

kranán — Even so, nevertheless, nonetheless; concessive connector.

ถูก

thùuk — To be correct; cheap; passive marker in Thai.

นำ

nam — To lead, bring, take, or guide somewhere.

บ้าน

bâan — Home, house; one's place of residence.

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for human beings.

รับใช้

ráp chái — To serve, work for, attend to someone's needs.

เก่า

kào — Old, aged, former; not new or worn.

ฉัน

chǎn — I, me; first-person pronoun, often used by females.

ยืนยัน

yʉʉn yan — To confirm, affirm, or assert something with certainty.

ตัวตน

tua ton — Identity, true self, one's being or personhood.

หาก

hàak — If, in case, supposing that; conditional conjunction.

ทำ

tham — To do, make, perform, or carry out an action.

ฟื้น

fʉ̂ʉn — To recover, regain consciousness, or revive from illness.

คืน

khʉʉn — To return something; also means night or nighttime.

รัก

rák — To love; deep affection or fondness for someone.

หน้าที่

nâa thîi — Duty, responsibility, function, or obligation to perform.

พักผ่อน

phák phɔ̀ɔn — To rest, relax, take a break from activity.

สบาย

sabai — Comfortable, at ease, relaxed, feeling well.

สั่นสะท้าน

sân sathân — To tremble, shudder, shake or vibrate intensely.

วิ่ง

wîng — To run, sprint, or move quickly on foot.

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through, go through, or pass by.

ร่างกาย

râang kaai — Body; the physical form of a person.

ส่ง

sòng — To send, deliver, or transmit something to someone.

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — To continue, connect, toward, per; linking or extending.

ร่าง

râang — Body, frame, figure; also a draft of a document.