A Tale of Two Cities — Page 3

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — But, however; conjunction indicating contrast

คุก

khúk — Prison, jail; place of confinement

แห่ง

hàeng — Of, at; classifier for places and locations

นั้น

nán — That, those; demonstrative pronoun referring to something mentioned

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating state or identity

สถาน

sathǎan — Place, station; formal word for location or establishment

ที่

thîi — Place, at; preposition or relative pronoun marker

เลว

leo — Bad, wicked; morally inferior or poor quality

ทราม

saam — Vile, depraved; morally corrupt and despicable

อัน

an — Classifier for things; also used as relative pronoun

ประพฤติ

praphreút — To behave, conduct oneself; manner of behavior

การ

kaan — Action, process; nominalizing prefix for activities

เสเพล

sèephlee — Dissolute, debauched; living recklessly without morals

และ

lae — And; coordinating conjunction joining words or clauses

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix; state, condition, or quality of something

ชั่ว

chûa — Evil, wicked; morally bad or corrupt

ร้าย

ráai — Bad, terrible, dangerous; harmful or malicious

นานา

naanaa — Various, diverse; many kinds or sorts of something

ประการ

prakaan — Way, aspect, kind; classifier for types or manners

แหล่ง

hlàeng — Source, breeding ground; place of origin or concentration

เพาะ

phó — To breed, cultivate; to grow or nurture something

พันธุ์

phan — Species, breed, strain; type of living organism

โรค

rôok — Disease, illness; medical condition affecting health

แรง

raeng — Strong, hard, intense; great force or strength

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ติด

tìt — To be attached, addicted, or infected; stick to

ตาม

taam — To follow, according to; in accordance with something

ผู้

phûu — Person, one who; prefix indicating a person or doer

ต้อง

tông — Must, have to; expressing obligation or necessity

หา

hǎa — To seek, find, look for something or someone

เข้า

khâo — To enter, go in; movement directed inward

มา

maa — To come; movement toward the speaker or reference point

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; preposition indicating interior location

ศาล

sǎan — Court of law; judicial institution for legal proceedings

บาง

baang — Some, certain; indefinite reference to a part or few

ครั้ง

khráng — Time, occasion; classifier for instances or occurrences

ก็

kô — Also, then, well; discourse particle connecting ideas

ตรง

trong — Straight, direct; going directly without deviation

จาก

jàak — From, away from; indicating departure or origin point

นั่ง

nâng — To sit; being in a seated position

จำเลย

jamloei — Defendant, accused; person charged in a legal case

ไป

pai — To go; movement away from reference point

ยัง

yang — Still, yet, also; indicating continuation or addition

ท่าน

thân — You, respected person; honorific second or third person pronoun

ประธาน

prathaan — President, chairman; head of an organization or session

พิพากษา

phiphâaksǎa — To judge, pass verdict; render a legal judgment

สูง

sǔung — High, tall, elevated; great in height or rank

สุด

sùt — Most, extreme, end; superlative or utmost degree

ด้วย

dûay — Also, with, by means of; indicating accompaniment or instrument

ตน

ton — Oneself, self; reflexive pronoun referring to oneself

เอง

eeng — Oneself, itself; emphasizing personal or independent action

ฉุด

chùt — To pull, drag, tug; forcibly draw something along

ดึง

deung — To pull, tug; draw something toward oneself forcefully

ลง

long — To go down, descend; downward movement or decrease

เคย

khoei — Used to, ever; indicating past habitual experience

เกิด

koet — To be born, occur, happen; come into existence

ขึ้น

khûen — To rise, go up; upward movement or increase

มาก

mâak — Many, much, a lot; large quantity or degree

กว่า

kwàa — More than, than; comparative particle in comparisons

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one, a single thing

สวม

sûam — To wear, put on; dress oneself with clothing or accessories

หมวก

mùak — Hat, cap; head covering worn as clothing or symbol

ดำ

dam — Black; the color black or to be black

ได้

dâi — Can, able to, got; indicates ability or past completion

ตัดสิน

tàtsin — To decide, judge, rule; make a formal decision

โทษ

thôot — Punishment, penalty; consequence for wrongdoing or crime

ประหาร

prahǎan — To execute; put to death as legal punishment

ชีวิต

chiiwít — Life; the state of being alive, one's existence

ของ

khǒong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle or preposition

อย่าง

yàang — Way, manner, type; kind or method of something

แน่นอน

nâenon — Certainly, definitely; expressing absolute certainty or sureness

กับ

kàp — With, and, to; connecting nouns or indicating accompaniment

นักโทษ

nákthôot — Prisoner, convict; person serving a criminal sentence

สิ้น

sîn — End, finish, expire; to come to an end completely

ก่อน

kòon — Before, first, prior to; earlier in time or order

เสีย

sǐa — To lose, spoil, be damaged; deteriorate or be gone

นอก

nôok — Outside, external; beyond the boundary or outside of

มี

mii — To have, there is; indicating possession or existence

ชื่อ

chûue — Name; word used to identify a person or thing

เสียง

sǐang — Sound, voice, reputation; noise or spoken sound

ฐานะ

thaanà — Status, position, standing; social or financial rank

ลาน

laan — Courtyard, open area, yard; flat open space outside

โรงแรม

roongraem — Hotel; establishment providing paid lodging for travelers

ตาย

taai — To die, dead; ceasing to be alive

นัก

nák — Expert, very, -er; intensifier or prefix for practitioners

เดิน

doen — To walk; move on foot at a normal pace

ทาง

thaang — Way, path, road; route or direction of travel

หน้า

nâa — Face, front, next; facial feature or forward direction

ซีด

sîit — Pale, pallid; lacking color especially in the face

เหลือง

lǔeang — Yellow; the color yellow or yellowish in appearance

ออก

òok — To go out, exit; movement outward from a place

ต่อ

tòo — To continue, per, toward; connecting or extending something

เนื่อง

nûeang — Connected, due to; linked or related to a cause

บน

bon — On, above, upper; positioned on top of something

รถ

rót — Vehicle, car; any wheeled transportation vehicle

ม้า

máa — Horse; large domesticated animal used for riding

มุ่ง

mûng — To aim at, head toward; direct one's course purposefully

สู่

sùu — To, toward; preposition indicating direction or destination

รุนแรง

runraeng — Violent, severe, intense; extreme in force or degree

โลก

lôok — World, earth; the planet or realm of existence

อีก

ìik — Another, more, again; additional or repeated occurrence

ฝั่ง

fàng — Side, bank, shore; edge of a river or division

โดย

dooi — By, via, through; indicating means, agent, or method

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through, via; move through a place or barrier

ถนน

thanǒn — Road, street; paved route for vehicle or foot traffic

เส้น

sên — Line, strand; classifier for roads, noodles, or strings

สาธารณะ

saatharanà — Public, communal; open and available to all people

ยาว

yaao — Long; extended in length or duration

ราว

raao — About, approximately; roughly estimated amount or distance

สอง

sǒong — Two; the number two

ทำ

tham — To do, make, perform; carry out an action

ให้

hâi — To give, let, make; causative or benefactive particle

เมือง

mueang — City, town, country; urban area or region

ดี

dii — Good, well, nice; positive quality or moral goodness

พบ

phóp — To meet, find, encounter; come across someone or something

อาย

aai — Shy, ashamed, embarrassed; feeling of shame or bashfulness

หาก

hàak — If, should; conditional conjunction indicating hypothetical situation

จะ

jà — Will, going to; future tense marker or intention

ใคร

khrai — Who, anyone, someone; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

รู้สึก

rúusuek — To feel, sense; experience an emotion or sensation

เช่น

chên — Such as, for example; giving an illustrative instance

นิสัย

nísǎi — Habit, character, nature; a person's typical behavior pattern

พลัง

phalang — Power, energy, force; physical or motivational strength

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limiting to a small degree

ใด

dai — Any, which; interrogative or indefinite determiner

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, matter; a general word for any item

ปรารถนา

pràatthànǎa — To desire, wish, long for; deep heartfelt desire

ยิ่ง

yîng — Even more, especially; intensifying comparative adverb

ตั้ง

tâng — To set up, establish, place; arrange or position something

เริ่ม

rôem — To start, begin; commence an action or process

ต้น

tôn — Beginning, origin, tree; start of something or a plant

เรื่อง

rûeang — Story, matter, issue; a topic or narrative subject

เสา

sǎo — Post, pole, pillar; vertical structural support or stake

สถาบัน

sathǎaban — Institution, organization; established official body or organization

โบราณ

booraan — Ancient, old, traditional; relating to very old times

ฉลาด

chalàat — Clever, smart, intelligent; quick-witted and mentally sharp

รูป

rûup — Picture, form, shape; image or physical appearance

แบบ

bàep — Style, form, pattern; model or type of something

ไม่

mâi — Not, no; negation particle in Thai sentences

สามารถ

sǎamâat — Can, able to; expressing capability or possibility

คาด

khâat — To expect, predict, guess; anticipate something will happen

เดา

dao — To guess, speculate; make an uninformed estimate

ขอบเขต

khòopkhèet — Boundary, limit, scope; defined extent or border of something

ตี

tii — To hit, strike, beat; deliver a blow to something

รัก

rák — To love; deep affection or fondness toward someone

เต็ม

tem — Full, complete, filled; maximum capacity or wholeness

มนุษย์

manút — Human being, person; member of the human species

อ่อน

òon — Soft, gentle, weak; not hard or not strong

โยน

yoon — To throw, toss; propel something through the air

เมื่อ

mûea — When, at the time; conjunction referring to a past time

เห็น

hěn — To see, notice, observe; perceive with the eyes

ปฏิบัติ

patibàt — To practice, treat, carry out; perform duties or actions

จริง

jing — Real, true, genuine; actually existing or correct

ซื้อ

súue — To buy, purchase; acquire something in exchange for money

ขาย

khǎai — To sell; exchange goods or services for money

เงิน

ngoen — Money, silver; currency used for transactions

ค่า

khâa — Value, worth, cost; price or importance of something

เลือด

lûeat — Blood; red fluid circulating in the body

กว้าง

kwâang — Wide, broad; large in horizontal extent or scope

ขวาง

khwǎang — To obstruct, block, wide; hinder passage or movement

ภูมิ

phuumi — Knowledge, pride, ground; foundation or intellectual capacity

ปัญญา

panyaa — Wisdom, intelligence; deep understanding and mental capacity

นำ

nam — To lead, bring, take; guide someone or carry something

พา

phaa — To take along, bring; accompany or escort someone

อาชญากรรม

aatchayaakam — Crime; illegal act punishable by law

เพื่อ

phûea — For, in order to; indicating purpose or intention

น่า

nâa — Worth, should; prefix making adjectives expressing worthiness

เท่า

thâo — Equal to, as much as; same degree or amount

กระทำ

kratham — To commit, perform, do; carry out an act formally

ใต้

tâi — Under, below, south; beneath something or southern direction

ฟ้า

fáa — Sky, blue; the sky or the color sky blue

รวม

ruam — Total, combined, to include; gather or add together

แล้ว

láeo — Already, then, done; completed action or sequence marker

ยุค

yúk — Era, age, epoch; a distinct period of history

สมัย

samǎi — Era, period, age; a particular time in history

ตัว

tua — Body, self, classifier; used for animals or oneself

เยี่ยม

yîam — Excellent, to visit; outstanding or to call on someone

หลัก

làk — Principle, main, post; fundamental rule or main element

คำ

kham — Word; unit of spoken or written language

สอน

sǒon — To teach, instruct; impart knowledge or skills to someone

ว่า

wâa — That, say, that; complementizer or verb meaning to say

อยู่

yùu — To live, stay, be located; indicating current position or state

คือ

khue — Is, namely, that is; equating or defining two things

ถูก

thùuk — Cheap, correct, to be hit; low price or passive marker

ภาษิต

phaasìt — Proverb, saying, maxim; traditional wise saying or aphorism

คง

khong — Probably, likely, still; expressing supposition or continuity

เด็ด

dèt — Decisive, outstanding, to pluck; firm or excellent quality

ขาด

khàat — To lack, break, be severed; absence or rupture of something

มัน

man — It, he/she (informal), oily; third person or greasy texture

เกียจ

kìat — Lazy; disinclined to work or make effort