A Tale of Two Cities — Page 15

Vocabulary

แม้

mae — Even though; despite; concessive conjunction

จะ

ja — Will; future tense or intention marker

คำนึง

kham-nueng — To consider; to take into account something

ว่า

wa — That; introducing a clause or quotation

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend; companion; peer

ผู้

phu — Person; one who; classifier for people

คง

khong — Probably; likely; to remain stable

แก่

kae — Old; aged; to; for (used with certain verbs)

เรียน

rian — To study; to learn; to attend school

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

ข้าพเจ้า

kha-pha-jao — I; me; formal first-person pronoun

มี

mii — To have; to possess; there is/are

รูปลักษณ์

ruup-lak — Appearance; outward look; physical characteristics

ที่

thii — That; which; at; relative pronoun or preposition

สะเพร่า

sa-phrao — Careless; sloppy; negligent in manner

และ

lae — And; also; conjunction joining items

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as something

ระเบียบ

ra-biap — Order; discipline; neatness; regulation

หาก

haak — If; in the event that; conditional conjunction

เรียก

riak — To call; to name; to summon someone

เสเพล

se-phle — Dissolute; immoral; irresponsible in behavior

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entire; inclusive particle

สอง

song — Two; the number 2

ก็

ko — Also; then; well; discourse particle

ความ

khwam — Nominalizer prefix; condition; matter; affair

คล้าย

khlaai — Similar; resembling; alike in appearance

กัน

kan — Each other; together; mutual action particle

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just enough

พอ

pho — Enough; sufficient; just right

ทำให้

tham-hai — To cause; to make something happen

ประหลาด

pra-laat — Strange; surprising; astonishing; unusual

ใจ

jai — Heart; mind; feelings; inner self

แต่

tae — But; however; only; contrasting conjunction

พยาน

pha-yaan — Witness; testimony; evidence in court

เท่า

thao — As much as; equal to; only

นั้น

nan — That; those; demonstrative pronoun (distant)

ทุก

thuk — Every; all; each without exception

คน

khon — Person; people; human being

อยู่

yuu — To be located; to stay; to live somewhere

ใน

nai — In; inside; within

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time of; upon

ถูก

thuuk — Passive marker; to be subjected to something

นำ

nam — To lead; to bring; to take along

มา

maa — To come; directional particle toward speaker

เปรียบ

priiap — To compare; to liken; to analogize

เทียบ

thiiap — To compare; to measure against; to match

ดัง

dang — Like; as; such as; loud

ท่าน

than — You; he/she; respectful pronoun for superiors

ขอ

kho — To request; to ask for; please (polite request)

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative/beneficiary marker

สั่ง

sang — To order; to command; to instruct someone

ถอด

thot — To remove; to take off; to strip off

ออก

ok — Out; to exit; directional particle outward

ยินยอม

yin-yom — To consent; to agree; to yield willingly

อย่าง

yaang — In a manner of; kind; type; adverb marker

ค่อย

khoi — Gradually; slowly; softly; with moderation

เต็มใจ

tem-jai — Willing; whole-hearted; doing something gladly

นัก

nak — Very; much; intensifier; expert in a field

เหมือน

muean — Like; similar to; same as; resembling

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; the more…

เด่น

den — Outstanding; prominent; conspicuous; notable

ชัด

chat — Clear; distinct; obvious; sharp

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise; up; directional particle upward

มาก

maak — Much; many; a lot; very

ถาม

thaam — To ask; to question; to inquire

นาย

naai — Mr.; master; male title or address

ทนายความ

tha-naai-khwaam — Lawyer; attorney; legal counsel in court

นักโทษ

nak-thot — Prisoner; convict; person serving a sentence

ต่อไป

to-pai — Continue; next; from now on; further

พวกเขา

phuak-khao — They; them; a group of people

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ชื่อ

chue — Name; to be named; to have a name

พิจารณา

phi-jaa-ra-naa — To consider; to examine; to deliberate carefully

คดี

kha-dii — Case; lawsuit; legal matter in court

ข้อหา

kho-haa — Charge; accusation; criminal indictment

กบฏ

ka-bot — Treason; rebellion; treasonous act against state

หรือ

rue — Or; question particle at end of sentence

ตอบ

top — To answer; to reply; to respond

เขา

khao — He; she; him; her; third-person pronoun

สิ่ง

sing — Thing; object; matter; abstract concept

เกิด

koet — To happen; to be born; to occur

ครั้ง

khrang — Time; occasion; instance; classifier for events

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1; a certain one

อาจ

aat — Might; may; possibly; expressing possibility

ได้

dai — Can; able to; past tense marker; to get

อีก

iik — Again; another; more; additionally

มั่นใจ

man-jai — Confident; certain; sure about something

ขนาด

kha-naat — Size; extent; so much that; to the degree

เห็น

hen — To see; to witness; to perceive visually

หลักฐาน

lak-thaan — Evidence; proof; documentary support for claim

แห่ง

haeng — Of; from; classifier for places or institutions

ตนเอง

ton-eng — Oneself; himself/herself; reflexive pronoun

นี้

nii — This; these; demonstrative pronoun (near speaker)

เร็ว

reo — Fast; quick; soon; rapid

กว่า

kwaa — Than; more than; comparative particle

หลังจาก

lang-jaak — After; following; subsequent to an event

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after completing; done

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; to continue doing something

อื่นๆ

uen-uen — Others; other things; various other items

มากมาย

maak-maai — Many; a great number; abundant; plentiful

ผลลัพธ์

phon-lap — Result; outcome; final consequence of action

ทั้งหมด

thang-mot — All; everything; entirety; the whole amount

คือ

khue — Is; means; that is; equative verb

การ

kaan — Nominalizer for actions; act of doing something

ทุบ

thup — To smash; to pound; to hit hard

ทำลาย

tham-laai — To destroy; to demolish; to ruin something

ราวกับ

raao-kap — As if; just like; resembling in manner

ภาชนะ

phaa-cha-na — Container; vessel; receptacle for holding things

ดินเผา

din-phao — Earthenware; fired clay; ceramic pottery material

ส่วน

suan — Part; portion; section; as for (topic marker)

แตก

taek — To break; to crack; to shatter apart

สลาย

sa-laai — To disintegrate; to dissolve; to fall apart

กลาย

klaai — To become; to turn into; to transform into

เศษ

set — Fragment; scrap; remnant; leftover piece

ไม้

maai — Wood; tree; stick; timber material

ไร้

rai — Without; lacking; devoid of something

ประโยชน์

pra-yot — Usefulness; benefit; utility; practical value

ถึง

thueng — To reach; until; to; arriving at a place

เวลา

we-laa — Time; period; moment; occasion

ขัด

khat — To scrub; to polish; to conflict; to obstruct

สนิม

sa-nim — Rust; corrosion on metal surfaces

จาก

jaak — From; to leave; departing from a place

นิ้วมือ

niu-mue — Finger; digit on the hand

ตน

ton — Self; oneself; reflexive pronoun (formal)

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle away from speaker

สมควร

som-khuan — Appropriate; deserving; fitting; ought to

ระหว่าง

ra-waang — Between; during; among; in the middle of

ติดตาม

tit-taam — To follow; to track; to keep up with

ฟัง

fang — To listen; to hear attentively; to pay attention

บัดนี้

bat-nii — Now; at this moment; at present (formal)

ต้อง

tong — Must; have to; need to; required

ตั้งใจ

tang-jai — To intend; to focus; to pay attention carefully

ขณะ

kha-na — While; moment; at the time of; during

นำเสนอ

nam-sa-noe — To present; to introduce; to propose formally

ต่อ

to — To; toward; against; per; to connect

คณะ

kha-na — Group; committee; faculty; body of people

ลูกขุน

luuk-khun — Juror; jury member; serving on a jury

เช่น

chen — Such as; for example; like; for instance

ชุด

chut — Set; suit; outfit; classifier for sets

เสื้อผ้า

suea-phaa — Clothing; clothes; garments; apparel

ตัด

tat — To cut; to tailor; to sever

เย็บ

yep — To sew; to stitch; to tailor fabric together

กระชับ

kra-chap — Tight; snug; compact; close-fitting

พอดี

pho-dii — Just right; fitting perfectly; exactly

โดย

doi — By; through; by means of; via

ชี้

chii — To point at; to indicate; to direct attention

รัก

rak — To love; to care deeply for someone

ชาติ

chaat — Nation; country; birth; nationality

สาย

saai — Line; cord; wire; late; spy network

ลับ

lap — Secret; confidential; hidden from others

ทรยศ

tho-ra-yot — To betray; treachery; act of disloyalty

รับ

rap — To receive; to accept; to take in

จ้าง

jaang — To hire; to employ; to pay for service

ค้า

khaa — To trade; commerce; business dealing

เลือด

lueat — Blood; bloodshed; relating to blood

ยาง

yaang — Rubber; resin; latex; tire material

อาย

aai — Shy; embarrassed; ashamed; feeling shame

ชั่วร้าย

chua-raai — Evil; wicked; morally bad; villainous

ที่สุด

thii-sut — Most; the most extreme degree; superlative

บน

bon — On; above; on top of; upper surface

โลก

lok — World; earth; globe; universe

นับแต่

nap-tae — Since; from the time of; counting from

สาปแช่ง

saap-chaeng — To curse; to damn; to place a curse on

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to observe something

ทีเดียว

thii-diao — Quite; indeed; exactly; intensifier of certainty