A Tale of Two Cities — Page 9

Vocabulary

แล้ว

láew — Already; indicates completed action or 'then'

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; indicates ongoing or incomplete action

คง

khong — Probably; likely; remains the same

เก็บ

kèp — To collect, keep, or put away something

ม้านั่ง

máa-nâng — A bench or seat for sitting

และ

láe — And; connecting words or clauses together

เครื่องมือ

khrûeang-mue — Tool or instrument used for a task

เหล่านั้น

lào-nán — Those; referring to previously mentioned items

ไว้

wái — To keep, place, or store for later use

ข้างๆ

khâang-khâang — Beside; next to; at the side of

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and objects

เขา

khǎo — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun

อีก

èek — More; again; another; additionally

ด้วย

dûay — Also; too; with; as well

หรือ

rǔe — Or; used to present alternatives or ask questions

อ๋อ

ǒo — Oh! Expression of sudden understanding or realization

ตอบ

tɔ̀ɔp — To answer, reply, or respond to someone

พลาง

phlaang — While doing something simultaneously; at the same time

ส่าย

sàai — To shake or sway from side to side

หัว

hǔa — Head; top part of the body

แต่

tàe — But; however; only; introduces contrast

ฉัน

chǎn — I; me; first-person pronoun used informally

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation word in Thai sentences

ได้

dâi — Can; able to; indicates possibility or past tense

บอก

bɔ̀ɔk — To tell, say, or inform someone something

ว่า

wâa — That; introduces a quoted clause or statement

นึก

núek — To think of; recall; imagine something mentally

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; until; about; thinking of something

มัน

man — It; that thing; informal third-person pronoun

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ใจ

jai — Heart; mind; feelings; inner emotional state

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun; also a title

เชื่อ

chûea — To believe, trust, or have faith in

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; very

นัก

nák — Very; excessively; also means expert or professional

เปล่า

plào — Empty; no; not at all; negation particle

กล่าว

klàao — To say, state, or mention formally

คิด

khít — To think, consider, or have an opinion

เริ่ม

rîam — To begin, start, or commence something

พูด

phûut — To speak, talk, or say something aloud

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time of; ago

ขัด

khàt — To interrupt; to contradict; to obstruct

ขึ้น

khûen — Up; to rise; indicates increase or upward action

มา

maa — To come; indicates action toward the speaker

ทันที

than-thii — Immediately; at once; right away

อย่า

yàa — Don't; imperative negation telling someone not to

อะไร

a-rai — What; anything; something; interrogative word

ทั้งนั้น

tháng-nán — All of that; everything; in any case

มี

mii — To have; there is; there are

จินตนาการ

jin-ta-naa-kaan — Imagination; the ability to form mental images

เลย

loei — At all; so; therefore; completely; emphatic particle

สัก

sàk — A little; some; at least one; just a bit

นิด

nít — A tiny bit; a little amount of something

ยอมรับ

yɔɔm-ráp — To accept, admit, or acknowledge something

ผิด

phìt — Wrong; incorrect; mistaken; to make an error

สมมติ

sǒm-mút — To suppose, assume, or hypothesize something

ไป

pai — To go; away from speaker; indicates outward action

ไกล

klai — Far; distant; a long way away

ขนาด

kha-nàat — Size; extent; to the degree of something

บ้าง

bâang — Some; somewhat; a little; vague quantifier

บาง

baang — Some; certain; thin; a few of something

ครั้ง

khráng — Time; occasion; classifier for occurrences or instances

ไหม

mǎi — Question particle at end of yes/no questions

คราว

khraao — Time; occasion; instance of an event occurring

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — Next; to continue; per; connected to something

พร้อม

phrɔ́ɔm — Ready; prepared; together with; simultaneously

แวว

wɛɛo — Gleam; sparkle; sign of potential in eyes

ตา

taa — Eye; eyes; maternal grandfather

สดใส

sòt-sǎi — Bright; cheerful; radiant; lively and vibrant

ที่

thîi — At; place; that which; relative pronoun

แล

lɛɛ — And; then; particle indicating completion or finality

ดู

duu — To look at; watch; seems; appears to be

ขบขัน

khòp-khǎn — Funny; amusing; humorous; comical situation

มอง

mɔɔng — To look at; to gaze; to glance at

เธอ

thoe — You (feminine); she; her; informal pronoun

อย่าง

yàang — Kind; type; manner; way of doing something

เมตตา

mêet-taa — Compassion; loving kindness; benevolence toward others

ทฤษฎี

thrít-sà-dii — Theory; a systematic set of ideas explaining something

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

เอง

eeng — Self; oneself; by oneself; personally

สะสม

sà-sǒm — To accumulate, collect, or build up over time

ตลอด

ta-lɔ̀ɔt — Throughout; all along; the entire duration

หลาย

lǎai — Many; several; numerous; a large number

ปี

pii — Year; a twelve-month period of time

เกี่ยวกับ

kìao-kàp — About; concerning; related to a topic

สาเหตุ

sǎa-hèet — Cause; reason; the source of a problem

ถูก

thùuk — Correct; right; cheap; to be acted upon

กดขี่

kòt-khìi — To oppress, suppress, or tyrannize someone

อยู่

yùu — To live; to be at; stay; indicates ongoing state

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like; for instance

นี้

níi — This; these; near the speaker

บางที

baang-thii — Sometimes; perhaps; maybe; possibly

อาจ

àat — Might; may; possibly; expresses possibility

รวม

ruam — To combine, include, or total together

ชื่อ

chûe — Name; title given to a person or thing

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; prefix for a person

เรื่อง

rûeang — Story; matter; topic; about a subject

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something mentioned

นอกจาก

nɔ̂ɔk-jàak — Except; besides; apart from; other than

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; something; an entity

นั่น

nân — That; over there; pointing to something distant

ก็

kɔ̂ɔ — Also; then; well; connective filler particle

คือ

khue — Is; means; that is to say

โกรธ

kròot — Angry; furious; feeling strong displeasure

ถาม

thǎam — To ask a question; to inquire about something

คำถาม

kham-thǎam — Question; an inquiry posed to someone

เหล่านี้

lào-níi — These; referring to nearby items just mentioned

ทั้งหมด

tháng-mòt — All; everything; the whole amount or group

เพราะ

phró — Because; since; due to; reason for something

เป็น

pen — To be; is; can; indicates state or ability

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just; nothing more than

ธุรกิจ

thú-ra-kìt — Business; commerce; trade; a commercial enterprise

น่า

nâa — Worth; should; prefix expressing something worthy of

เบื่อ

bùea — Bored; tired of; fed up with something

คน

khon — Person; human being; people; classifier for people

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one; a single item

หญิง

yǐng — Female; woman; girl; feminine gender

ความ

khwaam — Prefix forming abstract nouns; state or condition

สงบ

sà-ngòp — Calm; peaceful; quiet; tranquil

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; who; relative pronoun connector

เกือบ

kùeap — Almost; nearly; not quite; close to

อยาก

yàak — To want; to desire; to wish for something

เอา

ao — To take; want; get; bring; informal verb

คำ

kham — Word; term; syllable; a unit of speech

คุณศัพท์

khun-na-sàp — Adjective; a word describing a noun

ถ่อมตัว

thɔ̀ɔm-tua — Humble; modest; self-deprecating in manner

คืน

khuuen — Night; to return or give back something

ใช่

châi — Yes; correct; that's right; affirmative answer

อย่างนั้น

yàang-nán — Like that; in that way; such as that

แน่ๆ

nâe-nâe — For sure; certainly; definitely; without doubt

กลับ

klàp — To return; go back; reverse; on the contrary

ดี

dii — Good; nice; well; of high quality

กว่า

kwàa — More than; than; used in comparisons

แปลก

plàek — Strange; odd; unusual; unfamiliar; weird

หรอก

rɔ̀ɔk — Particle softening negation or mild disagreement

เรา

rao — We; us; I (informal); first-person pronoun

ทุก

thúk — Every; all; each; without exception

ต่าง

tàang — Different; various; each; separately; foreign

มั่นใจ

mân-jai — Confident; certain; sure about something

ต้อง

tɔ̂ɔng — Must; have to; need to; required to do

สงสัย

sǒng-sǎi — To doubt; wonder; be curious or suspicious about

ท่าน

thân — You (formal/respectful); he or she (honorific)

บริสุทธิ์

bɔɔ-rí-sùt — Pure; innocent; clean; untainted by wrongdoing

จาก

jàak — From; away from; departing a place or thing

ความผิด

khwaam-phìt — Fault; guilt; wrongdoing; an offense or crime

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any; whichever; no matter which one

เคย

khoei — Used to; ever; have experienced something before

แตะต้อง

tàe-tɔ̂ɔng — To touch; to interfere with; to lay hands on