A Tale of Two Cities — Page 4

Vocabulary

เพราะ

phro — because; due to a reason or cause

แม้

mae — even though; although; despite the fact

ห้อง

hong — a room inside a building

เหล่า

lao — group or collection of people or things

นั้น

nan — that; referring to something previously mentioned

จะ

cha — will; future tense marker in Thai

ดู

du — to look at; to watch; to observe

งดงาม

ngot-ngam — beautiful; elegant; visually pleasing and graceful

น่า

na — worthy of; deserving a certain feeling or reaction

ชม

chom — to admire; to praise; to compliment someone

และ

lae — and; connecting words or clauses together

ประดับประดา

pradat-prada — to decorate elaborately; adorn with ornaments

ด้วย

duay — with; also; by means of something

สรรพ

san — all; every; various kinds of things

การ

kan — action; process; nominalization prefix for verbs

ตกแต่ง

tok-taeng — to decorate; to furnish and arrange aesthetically

ทุก

thuk — every; all; each without exception

อย่าง

yang — type; kind; manner or way of doing

ที่

thi — at; place; relative pronoun linking clauses

รสนิยม

rot-ni-yom — taste; aesthetic preference; sense of style

ฝีมือ

fi-mue — skill; craftsmanship; ability in a craft

แห่ง

haeng — of; from; classifier for places or locations

ยุค

yuk — era; epoch; a period of historical time

สมัย

samai — era; period; age in history or time

สามารถ

samat — able to; capable of doing something

สร้างสรรค์

sang-san — creative; constructive; able to produce new ideas

ได้

dai — can; to get; able to; past marker

แต่

tae — but; however; introduces a contrasting idea

ใน

nai — in; inside; within a place or context

ความ

khwam — abstract noun prefix; the state or quality of

เป็น

pen — to be; to exist as something

จริง

ching — true; real; actually the case

แล้ว

laeo — already; then; after that; completion marker

มัน

man — it; third person pronoun for things or animals

หา

ha — to search for; to seek; to look for

ใช่

chai — yes; that's right; affirmative confirmation

กิจการ

kit-cha-kan — enterprise; business; an organization's affairs

มั่นคง

man-khong — stable; secure; firm and well-established

ไม่

mai — not; negation marker in Thai sentences

หาก

hak — if; in the event that something occurs

พิจารณา

phi-chan-na — to consider; to examine; to deliberate carefully

โดย

doi — by; through; by means of someone or something

อ้างอิง

ang-ing — to reference; to cite as evidence or source

ถึง

thueng — to reach; until; about; concerning something

บรรดา

banda — all the; various; a collective group of things

หุ่นไล่กา

hun-lai-ka — scarecrow; a figure used to frighten birds

เสื้อผ้า

suea-pha — clothes; clothing; garments worn on the body

ขาด

khat — torn; lacking; to be missing or absent

รุ่งริ่ง

rung-ring — tattered; ragged; worn out and torn clothing

หมวก

muak — hat; cap; a head covering garment

นอน

non — to lie down; to sleep; to recline

อยู่

yu — to be at; to stay; to reside somewhere

อื่น

uen — other; another; different from the current one

ซึ่ง

sueng — which; that; a relative pronoun connector

ก็

ko — also; then; discourse particle for continuation

ไกล

klai — far; distant; a long way away

นัก

nak — very; quite; intensifier for adjectives

หอคอย

ho-khoi — tower; a tall structure used for observation

เฝ้าระวัง

fao-rawang — to watch over; to monitor carefully for danger

ของ

khong — of; belonging to; possessive marker in Thai

ตั้ง

tang — to set up; to establish; to place upright

ห่าง

hang — distant; far apart; separated by a gap

จาก

chak — from; away from; departing a place or thing

สอง

song — two; the number 2

สุดขั้ว

sut-khua — extreme; polar opposite; at the furthest end

พอๆ

pho-pho — equally; approximately the same degree or amount

กัน

kan — together; each other; mutually; reciprocal marker

มองเห็น

mong-hen — to see; to be able to visually perceive something

ทั้ง

thang — both; all; the entirety of something

คง

khong — probably; likely; to remain; presumably so

อึดอัด

uet-at — uncomfortable; suffocating; feeling confined or uneasy

ยิ่ง

ying — even more; increasingly; to a greater degree

สิ่ง

sing — thing; object; an item or matter

ใคร

khrai — who; whoever; any person

ณ

na — at; in; formal preposition indicating location

คฤหาสน์

kha-ru-hat — mansion; a large and luxurious residence

ท่าน

than — you; he/she; respectful pronoun for someone

นายทหารบก

nai-tha-han-bok — army officer; a commissioned officer in the army

ไร้

rai — without; lacking; devoid of something entirely

ความรู้

khwam-ru — knowledge; understanding; information one has learned

ทาง

thang — way; path; direction; regarding a field

การทหาร

kan-tha-han — military affairs; matters relating to armed forces

นายทหารเรือ

nai-tha-han-ruea — naval officer; a commissioned officer in the navy

ไม่มี

mai-mi — to not have; to lack; there is none

ความคิด

khwam-khit — thought; idea; a concept formed in the mind

ใดๆ

dai-dai — any; whatsoever; of any kind at all

เกี่ยวกับ

kiao-kap — about; regarding; relating to a subject

เรือ

ruea — boat; ship; a water vessel for travel

ข้าราชการ

kha-ratchakan — civil servant; a government official or employee

พลเรือน

phon-laruean — civilian; a non-military ordinary citizen

ปราศจาก

prat-chak — without; free from; entirely lacking something

ความเข้าใจ

khwam-khao-chai — understanding; comprehension; grasp of a concept

งาน

ngan — work; job; task; event or function

นักบวช

nak-buat — clergy; a person who has taken religious vows

หน้าด้าน

na-dan — shameless; brazen; having no sense of shame

ตัวแทน

tua-taen — representative; agent; one who acts for another

แบบ

baep — style; pattern; type; a model or form

เลวร้าย

leo-rai — terrible; wicked; very bad or immoral

ที่สุด

thi-sut — the most; superlative marker; to the extreme

มี

mi — to have; there is; to possess something

แวว

waeo — glint; sparkle; a telltale look in eyes

ตา

ta — eye; the organ used for seeing

ราคะ

rakha — lust; desire; carnal or sensual craving

วาจา

wacha — speech; words; verbal expression or utterance

หละหลวม

la-luam — loose; careless; lacking discipline or moral restraint

ชีวิต

chi-wit — life; the existence of a living being

กว่า

kwa — more than; rather than; comparatively greater

ทั้งหมด

thang-mot — all; everything; the entire total amount

ล้วน

luan — all; entirely; without exception

เหมาะสม

mo-som — appropriate; suitable; fitting for a situation

กับ

kap — with; and; together with someone or thing

หน้าที่

na-thi — duty; responsibility; one's assigned role or task

ตน

ton — oneself; a reflexive pronoun referring to self

อย่างใด

yang-dai — in any way; whatsoever; of any manner

โกหก

ko-hok — to lie; to tell an untruth deliberately

น่าละอาย

na-la-ai — shameful; embarrassing; deserving shame or disgrace

แกล้ง

klaeng — to pretend; to tease; to act falsely

ทำเป็น

tham-pen — to pretend; to feign; to act as if

ว่า

wa — that; say; introduces a quote or clause

ตนเอง

ton-eng — oneself; himself/herself; by one's own self

ส่วนหนึ่ง

suan-nueng — a part; a portion; one section of something

ไม่ว่า

mai-wa — regardless of; no matter; whether or not

ใกล้

klai — near; close; not far in distance

หรือ

rue — or; whether; used in questions or alternatives

คณะ

khana — group; faculty; a committee or organized body

เหตุนี้

het-ni — for this reason; therefore; because of this

จึง

chueng — therefore; so; as a result; consequently

ถูก

thuk — correct; cheap; to be subjected to something

ยัดเยียด

yat-yiat — to force upon; to impose something unwanted

ให้

hai — to give; to let; to cause someone to

ดำรง

dam-rong — to maintain; to hold; to sustain a position

ตำแหน่ง

tam-naeng — position; rank; an official role or post

สาธารณะ

sa-tha-ra-na — public; open to all; relating to the community

ผลประโยชน์

phon-pra-yot — benefit; interest; gain from an action

ได้รับ

dai-rap — to receive; to obtain; to get something

บุคคล

buk-khon — person; individual; a single human being

นี้

ni — this; referring to something near or current

นับ

nap — to count; numbering; to consider as

ร้อย

roi — hundred; one hundred; the number 100

พัน

phan — thousand; one thousand; the number 1000

ผู้คน

phu-khon — people; persons; a crowd of individuals

ความเกี่ยวข้อง

khwam-kiao-khong — connection; involvement; relation to something

โดยตรง

doi-trong — directly; straightforwardly; without intermediary

รัฐ

rat — state; government; a political governing entity

สิ่งใด

sing-dai — anything; whatever; any thing at all

ความจริง

khwam-ching — truth; reality; the actual state of things

ดำเนิน

dam-noen — to proceed; to carry out; to conduct activities

ไป

pai — to go; to proceed; away from speaker

ตาม

tam — according to; following; in accordance with

เส้นทาง

sen-thang — route; path; a course taken to a destination

ตรง

trong — straight; direct; correct; exactly on point

สู่

su — toward; to; in the direction of something

จุดหมาย

chut-mai — destination; goal; the intended endpoint of travel

อัน

an — classifier; which; a general noun classifier

แท้จริง

thae-ching — true; genuine; real and authentic in nature

โลก

lok — world; earth; the globe and all its inhabitants

น้อย

noi — few; little; a small amount or number

แพทย์

phaet — doctor; physician; a qualified medical professional

ร่ำรวย

ram-ruay — wealthy; rich; having an abundance of money

มหาศาล

ma-ha-san — enormous; immense; a very large or vast amount

ยา

ya — medicine; drug; a substance used for treatment

รักษาโรค

rak-sa-rok — to treat disease; to cure illness medically

ประณีต

pra-nit — refined; delicate; intricate and carefully crafted

สำหรับ

sam-rap — for; intended for; meant for a purpose

อาการป่วย

akan-puai — symptoms; illness; signs of being sick or unwell

จินตนาการ

chin-ta-na-kan — imagination; the ability to form mental images

เคย

khoei — used to; ever; indicates past habitual action

ยิ้ม

yim — to smile; showing happiness with a facial expression

ต้อนรับ

ton-rap — to welcome; to greet; to receive guests warmly

คนไข้

khon-khai — patient; a person receiving medical treatment

ราชสำนัก

rat-sam-nak — royal court; the king's official household and court

รับรอง

rap-rong — to certify; to guarantee; to officially endorse

ชั้น

chan — class; level; floor; a tier or rank

นอก

nok — outside; exterior; beyond a boundary