A Tale of Two Cities — Page 3

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

เขา

khao — Third-person pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'they'.

ก็

ko — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'as well'.

ไม่ได้

mai dai — Negation meaning 'did not' or 'cannot'.

อยู่

yu — To be located somewhere; indicates ongoing state or action.

ที่นั่น

thi nan — Adverb meaning 'there', referring to a distant place.

ด้วย

duay — Meaning 'also', 'too', or 'with'; adds inclusion.

แต่

tae — Conjunction meaning 'but', introducing contrast or exception.

เป็น

pen — To be; links subject to identity or condition.

ผู้ที่

phu thi — Relative pronoun meaning 'one who' or 'the person who'.

ถูก

thuk — Passive marker; also means 'correct' or 'cheap'.

คาด

khat — To expect, predict, or anticipate something.

ว่า

wa — Complementizer meaning 'that'; introduces reported speech.

จะ

cha — Future tense marker meaning 'will' or 'going to'.

มา

ma — To come; directional verb toward the speaker.

พร้อม

phrom — Ready, prepared, or together with someone.

กับ

kap — Preposition meaning 'with' or 'and' (pairing things).

มอง

mong — To look at or gaze upon something.

อา

a — Exclamation of realization or surprise; paternal uncle/aunt.

ดู

du — To look, watch, or appear to be something.

เหมือน

muean — To resemble or be similar to something else.

ไม่ถึง

mai thueng — Not yet reaching; less than a specified amount.

ใน

nai — Preposition meaning 'in', 'inside', or 'within'.

คืน

khuen — Night; also means 'to return' something.

นี้

ni — Demonstrative meaning 'this', referring to nearby thing.

หรอก

rok — Particle softening negation; 'not really' or 'not at all'.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, or until a point.

กระนั้น

kra nan — Nevertheless, even so, or despite that.

ทิ้ง

thing — To abandon, discard, or leave something behind.

โต๊ะ

to — A table, used for dining or working.

อาหาร

ahan — Food; a meal or general edible substance.

ไว้

wai — To keep, place, or retain for future use.

ตาม

tam — To follow; according to; in accordance with.

เดิม

doem — Original, former, or as it was before.

ก่อน

kon — Before, first, or prior to something else.

นะ

na — Softening particle seeking agreement or adding friendliness.

ข้าพเจ้า

kha phra chao — Formal first-person pronoun meaning 'I' (very formal).

ภายใน

phai nai — Within, inside, or within a time period.

หนึ่ง

nueng — The number one; also an indefinite article.

สี่

si — The number four.

ชั่วโมง

chua mong — Hour; a unit of time equal to 60 minutes.

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; indicates completed action.

นั่ง

nang — To sit down in a seated position.

ลง

long — To go down, descend, or sit down.

รับประทาน

rap prathan — To eat (formal); polite verb for consuming food.

ค่ำ

kham — Evening or nightfall; the early part of night.

อัน

an — Classifier for small objects; also means 'one item'.

หรูหรา

ru ra — Luxurious, lavish, or extravagantly elegant.

ประณีต

pranit — Refined, exquisite, or delicately crafted with care.

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, or just a certain amount.

ผู้เดียว

phu diao — Alone, by oneself, or the only person.

เก้าอี้

kao i — A chair used for sitting.

ของ

khong — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to'.

ตรง

trong — Straight, directly, or opposite to something.

ข้าม

kham — To cross over; opposite side of something.

หน้าต่าง

na tang — A window in a wall or building.

ได้

dai — Can, able to; past tense marker; to obtain.

ดื่ม

duem — To drink a liquid or beverage.

ซุป

sup — Soup; a liquid food dish.

เสร็จ

set — Finished, completed, or done with a task.

กำลัง

kamlang — Progressive marker meaning 'currently doing'; also strength/power.

ยก

yok — To lift, raise, or pick something up.

แก้ว

kaeo — A glass for drinking; also means 'crystal' or 'gem'.

ขึ้น

khuen — To go up, rise, or increase in direction.

สู่

su — Toward, to, or in the direction of something.

ริมฝีปาก

rim fi pak — Lips; the edges of the mouth.

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something occurred.

วาง

wang — To place or put something down somewhere.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for objects or animals.

นั่น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun for distant things.

คือ

khue — Is, equals, or means; defining something's identity.

อะไร

arai — What; interrogative pronoun asking about something.

ถาม

tham — To ask a question of someone.

อย่าง

yang — Type, kind, or manner of doing something.

สงบ

sa ngop — Calm, peaceful, quiet, or tranquil.

พลาง

phlang — While simultaneously doing another action; meanwhile.

จ้อง

chong — To stare at or gaze intently at something.

ตั้งใจ

tang chai — Intentionally; to pay attention or concentrate on something.

ไป

pai — To go; directional verb away from speaker.

ที่

thi — At, where, which; relative pronoun and location marker.

แนว

naeo — Line, direction, row, or style of something.

เส้น

sen — Line, strand, or thin elongated shape.

แนวนอน

naeo non — Horizontal line or direction lying flat.

สี

si — Color; also means four or to apply paint.

ดำ

dam — Black; the darkest color.

หิน

hin — Stone or rock; hard mineral material.

หรือ

rue — Or; conjunction offering an alternative choice.

ด้านนอก

dan nok — Outside; the exterior side of something.

มู่ลี่

mu li — Venetian blinds or window shades; window covering.

เปิด

poet — To open or turn on something.

ออก

ok — To exit, go out, or come out.

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action.

ไง

ngai — Informal particle meaning 'how' or 'right?' (casual speech).

ไม่มี

mai mi — There is not; to not have something.

ทั้งนั้น

thang nan — All of it; entirely; without exception.

มี

mi — To have; there is/are something present.

ต้นไม้

ton mai — A tree; a large woody plant.

ความมืด

khwam muet — Darkness; the absence of light.

ราตรี

ratri — Night (formal/poetic); nighttime hours.

เท่านั้น

thao nan — Only, just that, nothing more.

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for humans.

รับใช้

rap chai — To serve someone; a servant or attendant.

พูด

phut — To speak or talk to someone.

กว้าง

kwang — Wide, broad, or spacious in dimension.

ยัง

yang — Still, yet, or still continuing to do something.

ว่างเปล่า

wang plao — Empty, vacant, or completely bare.

ยืน

yuen — To stand upright on one's feet.

โดย

doi — By, via, or by means of something.

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative referring to a distant thing.

เบื้องหลัง

bueang lang — Behind, in the background, or backstage.

รอบๆ

rop rop — Around, surrounding, or in the vicinity of.

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to; for the purpose of something.

รอ

ro — To wait for someone or something.

คำสั่ง

kham sang — An order, command, or instruction given to someone.

ดี

di — Good, well, or of positive quality.

เจ้านาย

chao nai — Boss, master, or person of authority.

ผู้

phu — Person, one who; formal prefix for a person's role.

ใจเย็น

chai yen — Calm, cool-headed, patient, not easily angered.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more, increasingly, or to a greater degree.

กล่าว

klao — To say or state (formal); to mention or declare.

ปิด

pit — To close or shut something; to turn off.

กลับ

klap — To return, go back, or reverse direction.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter of any kind.

เช่น

chen — Such as, for example, like something mentioned.

กัน

kan — Together, each other, or mutually with others.

ต่อ

to — Next, per, against, or to continue onward.

ครึ่ง

khrueng — Half; one of two equal parts.

ทาง

thang — Way, path, road, or direction of travel.

หยุด

yut — To stop, halt, or cease doing something.

อีก

ik — More, again, another, or additionally.

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, instance, or occasion of an event.

ถือ

thue — To hold, carry, or consider something a certain way.

มือ

mue — Hand; the part of the body at the arm's end.

เพราะ

phro — Because; conjunction indicating reason or cause.

ได้ยิน

dai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with the ears.

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, or noise heard by ears.

ล้อ

lo — Wheel; circular rotating part of a vehicle.

รถ

rot — Vehicle, car, or any form of wheeled transport.

ดัง

dang — Loud, famous, or making a strong sound.

รวดเร็ว

ruat reo — Fast, rapid, or done with great speed.

หน้า

na — Face, front side, or the next (page/time).

คฤหาสน์

kha ru hat — A mansion; a large stately private residence.

ใคร

khrai — Who; interrogative pronoun asking about a person.

หลานชาย

lan chai — Nephew or grandson; a male younger family relation.

หลัง

lang — After, behind, or the back side of something.

ไม่กี่

mai ki — A few, not many; a small number of something.

ช่วง

chuang — Period, interval, or stretch of time or space.

ต้น

ton — Beginning, start, or trunk of a tree.

บ่าย

bai — Afternoon; the time period after midday.