A Tale of Two Cities — Page 9

Vocabulary

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context

ระหว่าง

ra-wàang — Between, during, among two or more things

นี้

níi — This, referring to something nearby or just mentioned

กล่าว

glàao — To say, state, or declare formally

ข้า

khâa — I, me; an archaic or formal first-person pronoun

จะ

jà — Will, going to; marks future tense

รักษา

rák-sǎa — To maintain, preserve, protect, or treat medically

เกียรติยศ

gìat-tì-yót — Honor, prestige, dignity of a person

และ

láe — And, connecting words, phrases, or clauses

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix indicating state or quality

สงบสุข

sà-ngòp-sùk — Peace and happiness, tranquil and harmonious state

ของ

khǎawng — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

ตระกูล

trà-guun — Family lineage, clan, or aristocratic family

หาก

hàak — If, in the event that; conditional conjunction

เจ้า

jâo — You; informal or archaic second-person pronoun

ไม่

mâi — No, not; negation particle

ยอม

yaawm — To agree, consent, or yield to something

ทำ

tham — To do, make, perform an action

เช่น

chên — Such as, for example, like

นั้น

nán — That, referring to something previously mentioned

แต่

tàe — But, however; contrasting conjunction

คง

khong — Probably, likely; expressing assumption or probability

เหนื่อย

nùeai — Tired, weary, exhausted from effort

ล้า

láa — Exhausted, fatigued, worn out completely

แล้ว

láaeo — Already, then; indicating completion of action

เรา

rao — We, us, or informal I/me

ควร

khuuan — Should, ought to; expressing obligation or advice

ยุติ

yú-tì — To end, conclude, terminate something

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or activities

สนทนา

sǒn-thá-naa — To converse, have a conversation or discussion

คืน

khuuen — Night; or to return something back

ได้

dâi — Can, able to; or indicates past completion

หรือ

rǔue — Or; used in questions or alternatives

อีก

ìik — More, again, another, additionally

สัก

sàk — About, approximately; softening particle for quantity

ครู่

khrûu — A short while, a brief moment

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one

ชั่วโมง

chûua-moong — Hour, a unit of sixty minutes

ก็

gâaw — Also, then, well; connective or filler particle

ท่าน

thân — You; polite or respectful second-person pronoun

ประสงค์

prà-sǒng — To wish, desire, or want something formally

ครับ

khráp — Polite particle used by male speakers

หลานชาย

lǎan-chaai — Nephew or grandson, male younger relative

พวก

phûuak — Group, crowd, or we/they (collective pronoun)

กระทำ

grà-tham — To commit, perform, or carry out an act

ผิด

phìt — Wrong, incorrect, mistaken, or sinful

กำลัง

gam-lang — Currently doing; power, strength, energy

เก็บ

gèp — To collect, keep, gather, or pick up

เกี่ยว

gìao — To reap, harvest; or to relate to something

ผล

phǒn — Result, fruit, outcome of an action

แห่ง

hàeng — Of, at; classifier or preposition for locations

พูด

phûut — To speak, talk, say something

ซ้ำ

sám — Again, repeatedly; to repeat or do again

พร้อม

phráawm — Ready, prepared; together with

รอย

raawi — Trace, mark, scar, or impression left behind

ยิ้ม

yím — To smile; a smile on one's face

ที่

thîi — At, which, that; place or relative pronoun

เต็ม

tem — Full, complete, filled to capacity

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away

ด้วย

dûuai — With, also, too; accompaniment or addition

คำถาม

kham-thǎam — A question, inquiry, or query

ชี้

chíi — To point at, indicate, or direct attention

นิ้ว

níu — Finger; also a unit of measurement (inch)

อย่าง

yàang — Way, manner, type, kind of something

ละเมียด

lá-mîat — Gentle, delicate, fine, subtle in manner

ก่อน

gàawn — Before, first, prior to something else

จึง

jueng — Therefore, so, thus; indicating consequence

มา

maa — To come; directional particle toward speaker

ตน

ton — Oneself, self; reflexive pronoun

เอง

eeng — Oneself, by oneself, on one's own

อัน

an — Classifier for small objects; which, that

มี

mii — To have, to exist, there is/are

เกียรติ

gìat — Honor, dignity, reputation, prestige

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which, that; relative pronoun connector

สำคัญ

sǎm-khan — Important, significant, essential

ยิ่ง

yîng — Even more, increasingly, exceedingly

สำหรับ

sǎm-ràp — For, intended for, regarding someone or something

ทั้ง

tháng — Both, all, entire; inclusive of everything

สอง

sǎawng — Two; the number two

แม้

máae — Even though, even if, although

แบบ

bàep — Style, pattern, type, form of something

แตกต่าง

tàek-tàang — Different, distinct, varying from one another

กัน

gan — Each other, together, mutually; reciprocal particle

โดย

doi — By, through, via; indicating means or agent

สิ้น

sîn — End, finish, depleted; to run out of

เชิง

choeng — Completely, entirely; manner or aspect of something

สมัย

sà-mǎi — Era, period, age, time in history

บิดา

bì-daa — Father; formal or literary word for father

ร้าย

ráai — Bad, evil, wicked, harmful, dangerous

ทุก

thúk — Every, all, each without exception

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life, existence, the state of being alive

ขวาง

khwǎang — To block, obstruct, hinder passage or progress

กั้น

gân — To partition, separate, or block off with barrier

กับ

gàp — With, and, together with someone or something

สุข

sùk — Happiness, well-being, contentment, joy

ว่า

wâa — That, say; introduces reported speech or clause

เป็น

pen — To be, to become; linking verb

เรื่อง

rûueang — Story, matter, topic, issue, affair

ใด

dai — Any, which; used in questions or generalizations

ต้อง

tâawng — Must, have to; expressing necessity or obligation

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach, arrive at; until, about

ทำไม

tham-mai — Why, for what reason

เมื่อ

mûuea — When, at the time that; temporal conjunction

นั่น

nân — That, over there; referring to something distant

แยก

yâek — To separate, split, divide apart

พี่น้อง

phîi-náawng — Siblings, brothers and sisters collectively

ฝาแฝด

fǎa-fàet — Twins, two people born at the same time

ผู้

phûu — Person who; nominalized agent prefix

ร่วม

rûuam — To share, join together, participate jointly

รับ

ráp — To receive, accept, take something offered

มรดก

maaw-rá-dòk — Inheritance, legacy, heritage passed down

สืบทอด

sùuep-thâawt — To inherit, pass on, continue a tradition

ลำดับ

lam-dàp — Order, sequence, rank, arrangement

ถัด

thàt — Next, following, subsequent in order

ออก

àawk — To exit, go out, come out of

จาก

jàak — From, away from, departing a place

ตัว

tuua — Body, self; classifier for animals and clothing

อย่างไร

yàang-rai — How, in what way, what manner

ตาย

taai — To die, dead, cease to live

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, matter, something

ทิ้ง

thíng — To leave behind, abandon, throw away

ไว้

wái — To keep, place, leave for later use

ตอบ

tàawp — To answer, reply, respond to a question

ผูก

phùuk — To tie, bind, fasten together

มัด

mát — To bind, tie up, bundle tightly

อยู่

yùu — To be, stay, reside, exist at a place

ระบบ

rá-bòp — System, structure, organized method or network

น่า

nâa — Worth, worthy of; intensifier before adjectives

ผิดชอบ

phìt-châawp — Responsible; sense of right and wrong

ต่อ

tàaw — Toward, against, continuing, per, next to

มัน

man — It, he, she; informal third-person pronoun

ไร้

rái — Without, lacking, devoid of something

อำนาจ

am-nâat — Power, authority, influence over others

แสวงหา

sà-wǎeng-hǎa — To seek, search for, pursue something desired

ปฏิบัติ

pà-tì-bàt — To practice, perform, carry out, comply with

ตาม

taam — According to, follow, along, in accordance with

คำ

kham — Word, spoken unit of language

ขอ

khǎaw — To request, ask for, beg politely

สุดท้าย

sùt-tháai — Last, final, ultimate in a sequence

ริม

rim — Edge, border, beside, rim of something

ฝีปาก

fǐi-pàak — Lips; also skill in speaking or arguing

แม่

mâe — Mother, mom; female parent

รัก

rák — To love, cherish; love, affection

สาย

sǎai — Line, string, strand; late (in time)

ตา

taa — Eye; or maternal grandfather

ดวงตา

duuang-taa — Eyes, the eyes as expressive features

วิงวอน

wing-waawn — To beg, implore, plead earnestly for something

ให้

hâi — To give; causative particle meaning let or make

เมตตา

met-taa — Compassion, loving-kindness, mercy toward others

ชดใช้

chót-chái — To compensate, repay, make amends for wrongdoing

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; correct; cheap in price

ทรมาน

thaaw-rá-maan — To torture, torment; suffer great pain

ช่วยเหลือ

chûuai-lǔuea — To help, assist, aid someone in need