A Tale of Two Cities — Page 6

Vocabulary

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — Formal first-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.

ตั้งใจ

tâng jai — To intend or be determined to do something.

จะ

jà — Future tense marker indicating 'will' or 'going to'.

บอก

bòk — To tell or inform someone about something.

ท่าน

thân — Respectful pronoun for 'you' or a respected person.

คุณ

khun — Polite second-person pronoun meaning 'you'.

กล่าว

klàao — To say, speak, or state something formally.

พลาง

phlaang — Doing something simultaneously while doing another action.

หน้า

nâa — Face, or front side of something.

แดง

dɛɛng — The color red; flushed or reddened.

ว่า

wâa — Conjunction meaning 'that'; also used to introduce quotes.

ไม่

mâi — Negation word meaning 'not' or 'no'.

ยอม

yɔɔm — To agree, yield, or accept something reluctantly.

รับฟัง

ráp fang — To listen and accept or hear someone out.

คำพูด

kham phûut — Speech, words, or something that has been said.

ที่

thîi — Relative pronoun 'that/which'; also means 'place' or 'at'.

เคารพ

khao róp — To respect or show reverence toward someone.

ต่อ

tòo — Toward, per, or continuing onward in relation to.

สุภาพสตรี

sù-phâap-sà-trii — A polite lady or gentlewoman; formal term for woman.

หนุ่ม

nùm — Young man; adjective describing someone young and male.

นั้น

nán — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' or 'those'.

จาก

jàak — From; indicating origin, source, or departure point.

ปาก

pàak — Mouth; also refers to speech or verbal expression.

ใคร

khrai — Who; interrogative or indefinite pronoun for a person.

ทั้งสิ้น

tháng sîn — All together; entirely; in total without exception.

และ

lɛ́ — Conjunction meaning 'and'; connecting words or clauses.

หาก

hàak — If; conditional conjunction used in formal contexts.

รู้จัก

rúu jàk — To know or be acquainted with a person or thing.

ชาย

chaai — Man, male person; or the edge/bank of something.

ใด

dai — Any; which; used in questions or indefinite contexts.

ก็ตาม

kɔ̂ taam — Whatever, whoever; indicates concession or generality.

ซึ่ง

sûng — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'who' (formal).

หวัง

wǎng — To hope or wish for something desired.

มี

mii — To have or there is/are; indicates existence or possession.

รสนิยม

rót ní yom — Taste, preference, or aesthetic sensibility in choices.

หยาบคาย

yàap khaai — Rude, coarse, or vulgar in behavior or speech.

อารมณ์

aa rom — Emotion, mood, or temper; one's emotional state.

ข่มเหง

khòm hěeng — To bully, oppress, or treat someone with cruelty.

รังแก

rang kɛɛ — To bully or pick on someone weaker or smaller.

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach, arrive at; or preposition meaning 'to/until'.

ขนาด

khà nàat — Size, extent; or 'to the degree/extent that'.

อาจ

àat — Might, may; expressing possibility or probability.

ระงับ

rá ngáp — To suppress, restrain, or bring something under control.

ตนเอง

ton eeng — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring back to the subject.

การ

kaan — Nominalizing prefix turning verbs into abstract nouns.

พูดจา

phûut jaa — To speak or converse; manner of speaking to others.

ดูหมิ่น

duu mìn — To belittle, look down on, or show contempt for someone.

ณ

na — Formal preposition meaning 'at' a place (written language).

โต๊ะทำงาน

tó tham ngaan — A work desk or office table for doing tasks.

นี้

níi — Demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'this'.

ได้

dâai — Can, able to; or past tense marker in some contexts.

แม้แต่

mɛ́ɛ tɛ̀ɛ — Even; emphasizing an extreme or unexpected case.

ก็

kɔ̂ — Then, also; discourse particle linking clauses together.

หยุดยั้ง

yùt yáng — To stop, halt, or restrain someone from doing something.

สั่งสอน

sàng sɔ̌ɔn — To teach, instruct, or morally reprimand someone.

เขา

khǎo — Third-person pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'they'.

ความจำเป็น

khwaam jam pen — Necessity; the state of something being required or needed.

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must, have to; expressing obligation or necessity.

แสดง

sà dɛɛng — To show, display, or express something outwardly.

ความโกรธ

khwaam kròot — Anger, wrath; the feeling or state of being angry.

ด้วย

dûay — With, also, too; indicates accompaniment or addition.

น้ำเสียง

nám sǐang — Tone of voice; the quality or pitch of one's speech.

กลั้น

klân — To hold back, suppress, or restrain a feeling or urge.

ไว้

wái — To keep, hold, or store; perfective aspect marker.

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause or make something happen; causative verb.

หลอดเลือด

lòot lûeat — Blood vessel; tube carrying blood through the body.

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

อยู่

yùu — To be located; continuous aspect marker; to stay/live.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; preposition indicating location.

สภาวะ

sà phaa wá — Condition, state, or situation of someone or something.

อันตราย

an ta raai — Danger, hazard; a threatening or harmful situation.

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that something occurred or happens.

คราว

khraao — Time, occasion, or instance when something occurs.

โกรธ

kròot — To be angry or furious; the emotion of anger.

บัดนี้

bàt níi — Now, at this moment; formal or literary word for now.

ปกติ

pà kà tì — Normal, ordinary, or usual; the regular state of things.

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; completion marker; also 'then' in sequences.

ดำเนิน

dam nəən — To proceed, carry on, or conduct an activity or process.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating movement away.

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner/way; like; used to form adverbial phrases.

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating state, identity, or role.

ระเบียบ

rá bìap — Order, regularity, discipline, or organized arrangement.

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — Cannot, unable to; negates ability or past action.

สภาพ

sà phâap — Condition, state, or appearance of something or someone.

ดี

dii — Good, fine, or well; expressing positive quality.

กว่า

kwàa — More than; comparative particle used for comparisons.

กัน

kan — Together, each other; reciprocal or collective particle.

เลย

ləəi — At all, so, therefore; emphasis or resultative particle.

นั่นแหละ

nân lɛ̀ — That's exactly it; emphatic expression of confirmation.

คือ

khʉʉ — Is, means; equative verb linking subject to predicate.

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, or matter; general classifier for things.

ขอ

khɔ̌ɔ — To request or ask for something politely.

โปรด

pròot — Please; to be pleased; polite request word in formal speech.

อย่า

yàa — Don't; imperative negation telling someone not to do.

ให้

hâi — To give; causative marker; so that something happens.

ความเข้าใจผิด

khwaam khâo jai phìt — Misunderstanding; incorrectly grasping someone's meaning.

เรื่อง

rûeang — Story, matter, topic, or issue being discussed.

อม

om — To hold something in the mouth without swallowing.

ปลาย

plaai — Tip, end, or point of an object; far end of something.

ไม้บรรทัด

máai ban thát — A ruler; flat measuring stick used for drawing lines.

ครู่หนึ่ง

khrûu nùeng — A moment, a short while; brief period of time.

ยืน

yʉʉn — To stand; being in an upright standing position.

เคาะ

khɔ́ — To knock, tap, or strike lightly on a surface.

ฟัน

fan — Tooth or teeth; the hard structures used for chewing.

จน

jon — Until; poor (adjective); to the point that something occurs.

เกิด

kəət — To occur, happen; to be born; arise or take place.

เสียง

sǐang — Sound, voice, or noise produced by something or someone.

ทำนอง

tham nɔɔng — Tune, melody; or manner/style of doing something.

น่าจะ

nâa jà — Should, ought to; expressing reasonable expectation.

ปวดฟัน

pùat fan — Toothache; experiencing pain in a tooth or teeth.

ทำลาย

tham laai — To destroy, damage, or break something completely.

ความเงียบ

khwaam ngîap — Silence, quietness; the state of no sound present.

อึดอัด

ʔʉ̀t ʔàt — Feeling uncomfortable, suffocated, or ill at ease.

ลง

long — To go down, descend; directional particle downward.

พูด

phûut — To speak or talk; producing verbal communication.

นี่

nîi — This (here); demonstrative used for nearby objects or people.

ใหม่

mài — New, fresh, or again; indicating newness or repetition.

สำหรับ

sǎm ràp — For; intended for or on behalf of someone or something.

แนะนำ

nɛ́ nam — To suggest, recommend, or introduce someone or something.

จงใจ

jong jai — Intentional, deliberate, or done on purpose.

เสนอ

sà nəə — To propose, offer, or present something to someone.

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself, yourself; reflexive pronoun emphasizing self.

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and some objects.

เอง

eeng — Self, oneself; emphasizes personal agency or identity.

แห่ง

hɛ̀ng — Of, at; classifier for places or institutions (formal).

บาร์

baa — Bar; an establishment serving drinks; borrowed word.

หรือ

rʉʉ — Or; question particle in yes/no questions.

ถาม

thǎam — To ask or question someone about something.

ความเห็น

khwaam hěn — Opinion, view, or perspective on a matter.

ใช่

châi — Yes, that's right; affirmative answer to a yes/no question.

ดีมาก

dii mâak — Very good, excellent; expressing strong approval or praise.

ไปแล้ว

pai lɛ́ɛo — Already gone or done; indicates completed departure or action.

ทวนซ้ำ

thuan sám — To repeat or go over something again for reinforcement.

มัน

man — It; informal third-person pronoun for things or animals.

ถูกต้อง

thùuk tɔ̂ng — Correct, accurate, right; conforming to truth or rules.