A Tale of Two Cities — Page 5

Vocabulary

ช่าง

châang — craftsman, mechanic; skilled tradesperson

ซ่อม

sôm — to repair or fix something broken

ถนน

thanǒn — road or street for vehicles and pedestrians

ถือ

thǔue — to hold or carry something in hand

หมวก

mùak — hat or cap worn on the head

สี

sǐi — color; also means paint or varnish

น้ำเงิน

náam ngoen — the color blue

ไว้

wái — to keep, place, or retain something somewhere

ใน

nai — in, inside, within a place or time

มือ

muue — hand, the body part at arm's end

เช็ด

chét — to wipe or clean a surface with cloth

หน้าผาก

nâa phàak — forehead, the upper part of the face

คล้ำ

khlâm — dark in color or complexion, dusky

ของ

khǎawng — of; belonging to; possessive particle or thing

เขา

khǎo — he, she, or they; third-person pronoun

ด้วย

dûuai — also, too; with; by means of

นั้น

nán — that; demonstrative pronoun referring to something

แล้ว

láaeo — already; then; indicating completed action

กล่าว

klàao — to say, state, or declare formally

ว่า

wâa — that; to say; quotative or complementizer particle

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — formal first-person pronoun meaning I or me

จะ

jà — future tense marker; will or going to

เริ่มต้น

rôem tôn — to begin or start something from scratch

ที่

thîi — at, which, that; place or relative pronoun

ไหน

nǎi — where; which; question word for location

ดี

dii — good, well, fine in quality or manner

ท่าน

thân — formal you; respectful second or third person pronoun

ครับ

khráp — polite particle used by male speakers

คือ

khuue — is, are; to be; defining or equating particle

คำตอบ

kham tàawp — answer or response to a question

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — cannot, did not; negates ability or past action

ไร้

rái — without, lacking, devoid of something

เหตุผล

hèet phǒn — reason, rationale, or logical justification

จุด

jùt — point, spot, dot; to light or ignite

พบเห็น

phóp hěn — to encounter or come across something visually

ณ

na — at, in; formal preposition indicating location

เวลา

weelaa — time; a specific moment or period

สุภาพบุรุษ

sùphâap bùrùt — gentleman; a polite and well-mannered man

ทั้งหลาย

tháng lǎai — all, everyone, the whole group of people

เริ่ม

rôem — to begin or start an action

เล่า

lâo — to tell a story; narrative particle seeking confirmation

เมื่อ

mûuea — when; at the time that something happened

หนึ่ง

nùeng — one; the number 1

ปี

pii — year; a period of twelve months

ก่อน

kàawn — before, prior to; earlier in time

ช่วง

chûuang — period, interval, or span of time

ฤดูร้อน

rúeduu ráawn — summer; the hot season of the year

นี้

níi — this; demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

ใต้

tâi — under, beneath, below something or south

รถม้า

rót máa — horse-drawn carriage or coach

เกาะ

kàw — to cling or grab onto; also means island

ห้อย

hôoi — to hang or dangle loosely from above

อยู่

yùu — to be located; to live; continuative aspect marker

กับ

kàp — with; and; together with someone or something

โซ่

sôo — chain; a linked metal fastening device

จง

jong — imperative particle; shall, must, let one do

ดู

duu — to look at, watch, or observe something

ท่าทาง

thâa thaang — posture, manner, appearance, or bearing of person

มัน

man — it; informal third-person pronoun for things or animals

เถิด

thòoet — particle urging action; go ahead, do it

กำลัง

kamlang — currently doing; in the process of; strength

เลิก

lôoek — to stop, quit, or cease doing something

งาน

ngaan — work, job, task, or event

บน

bon — on top of, above, on a surface

ดวงอาทิตย์

duuang aathít — the sun; the star at the center of solar system

ลับ

láp — secret; hidden; to sharpen a blade

ขอบฟ้า

khàawp fáa — horizon; the line where sky meets earth

ค่อยๆ

khôi khôi — slowly, gradually, little by little

ขึ้น

khûen — to go up, rise, increase; upward direction

เนิน

noen — hill, mound, or gentle slope of land

แบบ

bàaep — style, type, pattern, or form of something

แสดง

sadaaeng — to show, display, perform, or demonstrate

ทั้งหมด

tháng mòt — all, everything, the entire total amount

ซ้ำ

sám — to repeat; again; doing something over

อีก

ìik — more, again, another, additionally

ครั้ง

khráng — time, instance, occasion; a counter for occurrences

ซึ่ง

sûeng — which, that; relative pronoun linking clauses

น่า

nâa — worthy of, should feel; prefix for adjectives

ทำ

tham — to do, make, or perform an action

ได้

dâai — can, able to; obtained; past tense marker

อย่าง

yàang — way, manner, type, kind; like, such as

สมบูรณ์แบบ

sǒmboon bàaep — perfect, flawless, ideal in every way

เพราะ

phráw — because, since; the reason that something happens

เป็น

pen — to be; indicating state, condition, or identity

ทั้ง

tháng — both, all, entire; inclusive of everything mentioned

สิ่ง

sìng — thing, object, matter; general classifier for things

ขาด

khàat — to lack, be missing; torn, broken apart

และ

láe — and; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

ความ

khwaam — abstract noun prefix; state, condition, or quality

บันเทิง

banthoeng — entertainment, amusement, fun activity

จำเป็น

jampên — necessary, essential, must be done

หมู่บ้าน

mùu bâan — village; a small rural community or settlement

ตลอด

talàawt — throughout, all along, the entire duration

สอด

sàawt — to insert, slip in, or interject something

มา

maa — to come; toward the speaker; directional verb

ถาม

thǎam — to ask a question of someone

เคย

khoei — used to, have ever; past habitual experience

ชาย

chaai — man, male person; also means edge or border

คน

khon — person, human being; classifier for people

หรือ

rǔue — or; question particle seeking confirmation

ไม่

mâi — no, not; negation particle for present and future

ไม่เคย

mâi khoei — have never; negation of past experience

ตอบ

tàawp — to answer or respond to a question

พร้อม

phráawm — ready, prepared; simultaneously, together at once

ยืน

yuuen — to stand upright on one's feet

ตัว

tuua — body; self; classifier for animals and clothing

ตรง

trong — straight, direct; exactly at a point or position

สาม

sǎam — three; the number 3

จำ

jam — to remember, memorize, or recognize something

อย่างไร

yàang rai — how, in what way; question about manner

ภายหลัง

phaai lǎng — afterward, later, subsequent to an event

โดย

dooi — by, via, through; indicating means or agent

จาก

jàak — from, away from; indicating origin or departure

รูปร่าง

rûup râang — shape, figure, physical form of a person

สูง

sǔung — tall, high in stature or elevation

เบาๆ

bao bao — softly, gently, lightly in touch or sound

เอา

ao — to take, get, or want something

นิ้ว

níu — finger or toe; also a unit of measurement

ชี้

chíi — to point at or indicate direction with finger

จมูก

jamùuk — nose; the organ used for smelling and breathing

ตน

ton — oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the subject

คืน

khuuen — night; to return or give back something

บอก

bàawk — to tell, inform, or let someone know

ซิ

si — particle adding emphasis or mild insistence

หน้าตา

nâa taa — face, facial appearance, or looks of person

ดั่ง

dàng — like, as, similar to; literary comparison word

ปีศาจ

piisàat — devil, demon, evil spirit or ghost

แก

kae — informal you or he/she; also means old

ควร

khuuan — should, ought to; expressing recommendation or duty

พูด

phûut — to speak, talk, or say something

เตี้ย

tîa — short in height, not tall in stature

แคระ

kháe — dwarf; abnormally small in size or stature

สอง

sǎawng — two; the number 2

แต่

tàae — but, however; indicating contrast or exception

รู้

rúu — to know, be aware of, understand something

การ

kaan — noun-forming prefix; act, process, or activity

กระทำ

kratham — to act, do, or commit an action formally

ยัง

yang — still, yet; still continuing or not yet done

สำเร็จ

sǎmrèt — to succeed, accomplish, or complete a goal

ก็

kâw — also, then, so; connective or emphatic particle

ความลับ

khwaam láp — secret; confidential information kept from others

แก่

kàe — to, for; old aged; giving something to someone

สังเกต

sǎngkèet — to observe, notice, or pay attention carefully

แม้

máae — even, even though, although; concessive conjunction

กระทั่ง

krathâng — until, even; up to a point; even including

สถานการณ์

sathǎan kaan — situation, circumstances, state of current affairs

เช่น

chên — such as, for example, like; giving examples

ยื่น

yûuen — to extend, reach out, or hand something over

คำ

kham — word; a unit of language or speech

ให้การ

hâi kaan — to give testimony or provide a statement officially