A Tale of Two Cities — Page 10

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — But; however; used to contrast two clauses.

ทุกคน

túk kon — Everyone; every person without exception.

มัก

mák — Often; tend to; usually does something.

แหงน

ngǎen — To tilt or raise the head upward.

มอง

moong — To look at; to gaze toward something.

ขึ้น

khûen — Up; to rise; upward direction or movement.

ไป

pai — To go; moving away from current location.

จาก

jàak — From; away from; departing a place.

ระยะ

rá-yá — Distance; interval; a measured span of space.

ไกล

glai — Far; distant; a long way away.

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun marker.

คุก

khúk — Prison; jail; a place of confinement.

บน

bon — On; above; atop a surface.

หน้าผา

nâa phǎa — Cliff; steep rocky face of a mountain.

และ

láe — And; used to join words or clauses.

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a space or time.

ยาม

yaam — Time period; guard; a watch of the day.

เย็น

yen — Evening; cool; late afternoon time of day.

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that something occurred.

งาน

ngaan — Work; job; task or occupation.

ประจำ

prà-jam — Regular; routine; assigned on a regular basis.

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period of time.

เสร็จ

sèt — Finished; completed; done with a task.

สิ้น

sîn — Ended; exhausted; fully concluded or used up.

ผู้คน

phûu khon — People; folks; a group of persons.

มา

maa — To come; to move toward the speaker.

ชุมนุม

chum-num — To gather; assemble; congregate in a group.

นินทา

nin-thaa — To gossip; speak ill of someone behind them.

กัน

gan — Together; each other; a reciprocal particle.

น้ำพุ

nám phú — Fountain; a structure where water springs upward.

ทุก

túk — Every; each; all without exception.

หน้า

nâa — Face; front; next (page or time).

ก็

gôr — Then; also; a connective or softening particle.

หัน

hǎn — To turn; rotate to face a direction.

ทาง

thaang — Way; path; direction toward something.

แต่ก่อน

tàe gòon — Formerly; in the past; before now.

พวกเขา

phûak khǎo — They; them; a group of other people.

ที่ทำการ

thîi tham gaan — Office; official place where work is conducted.

ไปรษณีย์

praisanee — Post office; postal service for mail delivery.

บัดนี้

bàt níi — Now; at this moment; currently (formal usage).

ซุบซิบ

súp síp — To whisper gossip; murmur rumors about others.

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces reported speech.

แม้

máe — Even though; although; despite the fact that.

จะ

jà — Will; going to; future tense marker.

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; correct; passive marker.

ตัดสิน

tàt sǐn — To judge; decide; render a verdict on someone.

ประหาร

prà-hǎan — To execute; put to death by official sentence.

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; one's existence or living state.

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun.

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation particle used before verbs.

กล่าว

glàao — To say; speak; state formally or in writing.

มี

mii — To have; there is; to possess something.

การ

gaan — Action; process; nominalizing prefix for verbs.

ยื่น

yûen — To submit; hand over; extend something forward.

คำร้อง

kham róong — Petition; appeal; formal written request submitted.

แสดง

sà-daeng — To show; demonstrate; perform or display something.

ให้

hâi — To give; for; causative or beneficiary marker.

เห็น

hěn — To see; to perceive visually or understand.

โกรธ

gròot — Angry; furious; feeling strong displeasure.

เคือง

khueang — Annoyed; irritated; mildly offended or upset.

เสีย

sǐa — Lost; broken; spoiled; gone to waste.

สติ

sà-tì — Consciousness; self-awareness; mental composure.

เพราะ

phró — Because; due to; reason-giving conjunction.

สูญเสีย

sǔun sǐa — To lose; suffer a loss of something precious.

บุตร

bùt — Child; son or daughter (formal/literary term).

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; until; up to a point.

พระราชา

prá raa-chaa — King; a male monarch of a kingdom.

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by oneself; emphatic self-referencing particle.

ด้วย

dûay — Also; too; with; by means of something.

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — I; me; formal first-person pronoun (literary).

รู้

rúu — To know; to be aware of a fact.

ได้

dâai — Can; able to; did (past or potential marker).

อย่างไร

yàang rai — How; in what way; asking manner or method.

อาจ

àat — Might; may; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

เป็น

pen — To be; is; exist as a state or role.

บางที

baang thii — Sometimes; perhaps; maybe on some occasions.

ใช่

châi — Yes; that's right; affirmative response to identity.

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — No; that's not right; negating identity statements.

ฟัง

fang — To listen; to pay attention to sound.

ดี

dii — Good; fine; well; of positive quality.

นะ

ná — Softening particle seeking agreement or softening tone.

หมายเลข

mǎai lêek — Number; identification number assigned to something.

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number 1; a single unit.

นาม

naam — Name; noun; a word used as a title.

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned.

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to verbally communicate.

สอด

sòot — To insert; interject; slip something into a space.

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; kind of; type or way.

เคร่งขรึม

khréng khrûem — Solemn; stern; serious and grave in manner.

จง

jong — Shall; must; imperative command marker (formal).

ไว้

wái — Keep; set aside; retain for future use.

ต่อ

tòo — Toward; against; continuing on from something.

พระราชินี

prá raa-chii-nii — Queen; female monarch or king's royal consort.

นี่

nîi — This; here; indicating something nearby the speaker.

ยกเว้น

yók wéen — Except; unless; to exempt something from a rule.

ท่าน

thân — You (respectful); esteemed person; honorific pronoun.

ทรง

song — Royal verb prefix; to hold; maintain a state.

รับ

ráp — To receive; accept; take something offered.

มัน

man — It; that thing; third-person non-human pronoun.

ขณะ

khà-ná — While; moment; at the time of an event.

ประทับ

prà-tháp — To reside royally; for royalty to be seated.

รถม้า

rót máa — Carriage; horse-drawn vehicle for transportation.

กลาง

glaang — Middle; center; in the midst of something.

ถนน

thà-nǒn — Road; street; a paved path for vehicles.

ข้าง

khâang — Side; beside; next to; lateral position.

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; a nominative prefix.

อยู่

yùu — To be; to stay; to reside at a place.

คือ

khuue — Is; namely; used to define or identify something.

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; relative pronoun linking clauses.

เสี่ยง

sìang — To risk; take a chance; expose to danger.

ของ

khǒong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle.

ตน

ton — Oneself; one's own self (reflexive pronoun).

พุ่ง

phûng — To dart; lunge; shoot forward quickly.

ออก

òok — Out; to exit; emerge from inside somewhere.

ขวาง

khwǎang — To block; obstruct; stand across a path.

ม้า

máa — Horse; a large domesticated riding animal.

โดย

dooi — By; by means of; through an agent or method.

ถือ

thǔue — To hold; carry; regard as; consider something.

มือ

muue — Hand; the body part used for grasping.

อีก

ìik — Again; more; another; additionally.

ครั้ง

khráng — Time; instance; one occurrence of an event.

สาม

sǎam — Three; the number 3.

คุกเข่า

khúk khào — To kneel; go down on one's knees.

นิ้วมือ

níu muue — Finger; the digits of the human hand.

คอย

khooi — To wait; to await something or someone patiently.

ล้วง

lûang — To reach into; grope inside a pocket or space.

ลูบ

lûup — To stroke; caress; rub gently along a surface.

ตาม

taam — Along; according to; to follow someone or something.

เส้นประสาท

sên prà-sàat — Nerve; the fibrous tissue transmitting body signals.

ละเอียด

lá-ìat — Detailed; fine; thorough; meticulous in nature.

เสมอ

sà-mǒe — Always; ever; consistently; on a level plane.

ท่าที

thâa thii — Manner; attitude; the way one carries themselves.

โลภ

lôop — Greedy; covetous; excessively desiring more.

ชัด

chát — Clear; distinct; obvious; easily perceived.

ราวกับ

raao gàp — As if; just like; resembling in appearance.

หิว

hǐu — Hungry; feeling the need to eat food.

กระหาย

grà-hǎai — Thirsty; craving; intensely longing for something.

บาง

baang — Some; thin; a few; not all of something.

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; an item or abstract matter.

มิใช่

mí châi — Is not; it is not (formal/literary negation).

อาหาร

aa-hǎan — Food; meal; nourishment consumed for sustenance.

หรือ

rǔue — Or; whether; used in questions or alternatives.

เครื่องดื่ม

khrûeang dùem — Beverage; drink; any liquid consumed for refreshment.

ทหาร

thá-hǎan — Soldier; military personnel; member of armed forces.

รักษาการณ์

rák-sǎa gaan — Guard; on duty; keeping watch over a place.

ทั้ง

tháng — Both; all of; entire; including everything together.

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot at normal pace.

เท้า

tháo — Foot; feet; the lower extremity of the leg.

ล้อม

lóom — To surround; encircle; besiege from all sides.

รอบ

rôop — Around; surrounding; a full circuit or cycle.

ทุบตี

thúp tii — To beat; strike repeatedly; physically assault someone.

ได้ยิน

dâai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with one's ears.

ไหม

mǎi — Question particle; placed at end for yes/no questions.

ข้าพเจ้าทั้งหลาย

khâa phá jâo tháng lǎai — We; us all; formal first-person plural pronoun.

ดำเนิน

dam-noen — To proceed; carry out; continue moving forward.

เถิด

thòet — Go ahead; let it be so; imperative encouragement particle.