A Tale of Two Cities — Page 3

Vocabulary

ความ

kwaam — Nominalizing prefix creating abstract nouns from adjectives

ไม่เห็นแก่ตัว

mâi hěn kàe tua — Selfless; not acting out of self-interest

ของ

khǎawng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun or title

ไม่

mâi — No; not; general negation particle

อาจ

àat — May; might; expressing possibility or probability

เข้าใจ

khâo jai — To understand; to comprehend something clearly

ได้

dâai — Can; able to; past tense marker

อย่าง

yàang — Like; in the manner of; a type

ถ่องแท้

thàawng tháe — Thoroughly; deeply and truly understood

ว่า

wâa — That; say; complementizer introducing reported speech

จิตใจ

jìt jai — Mind; heart; inner mental and emotional state

ฉัน

chǎn — I; me; first-person pronoun used by females

คิดถึง

khít thǔeng — To miss someone; to think fondly of

เรื่องนี้

rûeang níi — This matter; this story or issue

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; very

เพียงใด

phiang dai — How much; to what extent or degree

แต่

tàe — But; however; only; contrasting conjunction

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just; nothing more than

ถาม

thǎam — To ask; to pose a question to someone

ตัวเอง

tua eeng — Oneself; yourself; reflexive pronoun

เถิด

thòeet — Go ahead; do it; particle urging action

ความสุข

kwaam sùk — Happiness; joy; state of being content

จะ

jà — Will; going to; future tense marker

สมบูรณ์

sǒm buun — Complete; perfect; whole and fully sufficient

อย่างไร

yàang rai — How; in what way or manner

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that something happened

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; continuing action marker

หาก

hàak — If; in the event that; conditional conjunction

หนู

nǔu — I; me; used by children or young women

เคย

khoei — Ever; used to; past experience marker

พบ

phóp — To meet; to encounter; to find someone

เลย

looei — At all; ever; so; then; emphatic particle

พ่อ

phâaw — Father; dad; male parent

ก็

kâaw — Also; then; well; connective discourse particle

คง

khong — Probably; likely; expected to remain so

มี

mii — To have; there is; to exist

อย่างยิ่ง

yàang yîng — Greatly; extremely; to the highest degree

กับ

kàp — With; and; together with someone or something

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

ยิ้ม

yím — To smile; showing happiness with facial expression

รับ

ráp — To receive; to accept; to take something

คำ

kham — Word; utterance; unit of spoken language

ยอมรับ

yaawm ráp — To accept; to admit; to acknowledge something

โดย

dooi — By; via; through; indicating means or agent

ไม่รู้ตัว

mâi rúu tua — Unknowingly; without being aware of oneself

เธอ

thooe — She; her; you; informal second or third person

ไม่มี

mâi mii — There is none; to not have; lacking something

แล้ว

láaeo — Already; then; afterward; completion marker

และ

láe — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

ตอบ

tàawp — To answer; to reply to a question

ลูก

lûuk — Child; offspring; son or daughter

คือ

khue — Is; equals; that is; defining copula

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; that is incorrect; negating identity

เป็น

pen — To be; to be able to; to become

คน

khon — Person; people; human being

อื่น

ùen — Other; another; different person or thing

หรือ

rǔue — Or; whether; question particle

ใด

dai — Any; which; whatever; interrogative pronoun

ต้นเหตุ

tôn hèet — Root cause; origin of a problem or event

ความมืดมน

kwaam mùet mon — Darkness; gloom; oppressive dark atmosphere

ชีวิต

chiiwít — Life; existence; one's living being

ทอด

thâawt — To cast; to extend; to fry; stretch out

เงา

ngao — Shadow; reflection; shade cast by an object

ออกไป

àawk pai — To go out; to move outward away from here

เกิน

goen — To exceed; more than; beyond a limit

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and clothing

เอง

eeng — Self; oneself; by oneself; emphatic reflexive particle

ตก

tòk — To fall; to drop down from a height

ลงมา

long maa — To come down; descend toward the speaker

บน

bon — On; above; on top of a surface

นั่น

nân — That; that one; referring to something distant

ครั้งแรก

khráng râek — First time; the initial occasion something occurred

นอกจาก

nâawk jàak — Except for; besides; other than something

การ

kaan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes

พิจารณาคดี

phí jaa rá ná khá dii — Trial; judicial proceeding examining a legal case

ที่

thîi — That; which; at; relative pronoun or place marker

ได้ยิน

dâai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with one's ears

กล่าวถึง

klàao thǔeng — To mention; to refer to something in speech

ช่วงเวลา

chûang weelaa — Period of time; a span or interval of time

แห่ง

hàeng — Of; at; classifier for places and institutions

ทุกข์ทรมาน

thúk thá rá maan — Suffering; torment; great pain and distress

มัน

man — It; he; she; informal third-person pronoun

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make something happen

รู้สึก

rúu sùek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation

แปลก

plàek — Strange; odd; unusual; unfamiliar feeling or thing

แตกต่าง

tàek tàang — Different; distinct; unlike something else

ขณะ

khà nà — While; at the moment; during a period

ถ้อยคำ

thâawy kham — Words; speech; verbal expression or utterance

ก้อง

kâawng — To resonate; to echo; reverberate loudly

อยู่

yùu — To be at; to stay; continuative aspect marker

หู

hǔu — Ear; the organ used for hearing sounds

จดจำ

jòt jam — To remember; to memorize; to retain in memory

ความรู้สึก

kwaam rúu sùek — Feeling; emotion; sense of inner experience

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

ไว้

wái — Keep; retain; put aside for later use

นาน

naan — Long; for a long time; lengthy duration

ภายหลัง

phaai lǎng — Afterward; later; subsequent to an event

ดูสิ

duu sì — Look!; just look; exclamation drawing attention

หมอ

mǎaw — Doctor; physician; medical professional

กล่าว

klàao — To say; to speak; formal verb of utterance

พลาง

phlaang — While simultaneously doing another action

ยก

yók — To lift; to raise; to pick up something

มือ

muue — Hand; the body part used for grasping

ชี้

chíi — To point; to indicate direction with finger

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle moving away

ดวงจันทร์

duang jan — The moon; the natural satellite orbiting Earth

มองดู

maawng duu — To look at; to observe; to gaze upon

นาง

naang — She; her; woman; formal female third-person pronoun

จาก

jàak — From; away from; departing a place

หน้าต่าง

nâa tàang — Window; opening in a wall with glass

คุก

khúk — Prison; jail; place of confinement for criminals

ยาม

yaam — Guard; watchman; a period of watch duty

ทน

thon — To endure; to tolerate; to bear hardship

แสง

sǎeng — Light; ray; beam of illumination

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — Cannot; was not able to; negating ability

ทรมาน

thá rá maan — To torture; to cause pain and suffering

สาหัส

sǎa hàt — Severe; serious; critically intense suffering or injury

สำหรับ

sǎm ràp — For; intended for; on behalf of someone

คิด

khít — To think; to consider; to have a thought

ส่องแสง

sàawng sǎeng — To shine; to emit or cast light

ลง

long — Down; to descend; directional particle going down

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; matter; an entity or affair

สูญเสีย

sǔun sǐia — To lose; to suffer a loss of something

จน

jon — Until; to the point that; poor; destitute

ต้อง

tâawng — Must; have to; need to do something

โขก

khòok — To knock; to bang one's head against something

หัว

hǔa — Head; top part of the body or object

กำแพง

kam phaeng — Wall; a solid barrier surrounding or enclosing