A Tale of Two Cities — Page 5

Vocabulary

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa phá jâo — Formal first-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'

ได้

dâai — Can, able to; also marks past tense

จินตนาการ

jin-dtà-naa-gaan — Imagination; the ability to form mental images

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach, arrive at, or about something

ลูกสาว

lûuk sǎao — Daughter; one's female child

ของ

khǎawng — Of, belonging to; possession marker

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or time

ใจ

jai — Heart, mind; center of emotions and feelings

เอง

eeng — Oneself, by oneself; emphasizes personal action

ว่า

wâa — That; introduces a clause or quotation

เธอ

thooe — She, her, or informal 'you' for females

ลืม

lueem — To forget; to fail to remember something

ไป

bpai — To go; directional particle indicating away

โดย

dooi — By, by means of; indicates method or agent

สิ้นเชิง

sîn chəəng — Completely, entirely, totally; used for emphasis

หรือ

rǔue — Or; used to present alternatives or questions

มากกว่า

mâak gwàa — More than; used in comparisons of quantity

นั้น

nán — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant

ไม่

mâi — No, not; general negation particle

รู้จัก

rúu jàk — To know, be acquainted with a person

เลย

looei — At all; emphasizes negation or indicates going past

และ

láe — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

รู้สึก

rúu sùek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation

การ

gaan — Nominalizer prefix indicating an action or process

มีอยู่

mii yùu — To exist, to be present somewhere

แต่อย่างใด

dtàe yàang dai — In any way at all; used in negative sentences

นับ

náp — To count; to number or enumerate things

ปี

bpii — Year; a unit of time equal to 12 months

อายุ

aa-yú — Age; how old a person or thing is

แล้ว

láaeo — Already, then; indicates completed action

เล่า

lâo — To tell, narrate; also a rhetorical question particle

เห็น

hěn — To see, to visually perceive something

แต่งงาน

dtàeng ngaan — To marry; to enter into marriage with someone

กับ

gàp — With, and; connects people or objects together

ชาย

chaai — Man, male; referring to the male gender

ผู้

phûu — Person, one who; nominalizer for people

รู้

rúu — To know; to have knowledge or information

อะไร

à-rai — What; question word asking about a thing

เกี่ยวกับ

gìiao gàp — About, regarding, concerning a topic or subject

ชะตากรรม

chá-dtaa-gam — Fate, destiny; one's predetermined course of life

สูญสลาย

sǔun sà-laai — To vanish, dissolve, perish completely

จาก

jàak — From; indicates origin or separation from something

ความทรงจำ

khwaam song jam — Memory; recollection of past events or experiences

มี

mii — To have; to possess or there is/are

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; the existence and experience of living

อยู่

yùu — To be, stay, live; indicates current state

รุ่น

rûn — Generation; a group of people born around same time

ถัดไป

thàt bpai — Next, following; the one coming after

ตำแหน่ง

dtam-nàeng — Position, rank, or role in a hierarchy

ก็

gâw — Also, then; particle indicating result or continuation

เป็น

bpen — To be; links subject to identity or condition

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limits scope or amount

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizer for abstract nouns like feelings or states

ว่างเปล่า

wâang bplào — Empty, void, blank; containing nothing at all

พ่อ

phâaw — Father, dad; one's male parent

แม้

máae — Even, even though; concessive conjunction

ได้ยิน

dâai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with one's ears

ความคิด

khwaam khít — Thought, idea; a product of mental activity

เช่นนั้น

chên nán — Like that, such as that; referring to mentioned manner

ที่

thîi — That, which; relative pronoun or place marker

ไม่เคย

mâi khoei — Never; indicating something has never happened

จริง

jing — True, real, genuine; not false or imaginary

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicates ongoing or continuing state

แทง

thaeng — To stab, pierce; to thrust something sharp into

ทะลุ

thá-lú — To pierce through, penetrate completely to the other side

หัวใจ

hǔua jai — Heart; the organ or seat of emotions

ราวกับ

raao gàp — As if, as though; used for comparisons or similes

คือ

khuue — Is, means; equates or defines two things

เด็ก

dèk — Child, kid; a young person or baby

คนนั้น

khon nán — That person; referring to a specific individual

เหล่านี้

lào níi — These; plural demonstrative referring to nearby things

ผุด

phùt — To bubble up, spring up suddenly from below

ขึ้นมา

khûen maa — To come up, rise; directional compound upward toward speaker

ปลอบโยน

bplàawp yoon — To comfort, console, soothe someone who is distressed

ฟื้นฟู

fûuen fuu — To restore, revive, rehabilitate something to prior state

นำ

nam — To lead, bring, carry toward a destination

มา

maa — To come; directional particle indicating movement toward speaker

มอบ

mâawp — To give, present, hand over something to someone

ให้

hâi — To give; also causative or beneficiary marker

แก่

gàe — To; indirect object marker meaning 'to' or 'for'

ล่องลอย

lông looi — To float, drift gently through air or water

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through, go past something

ระหว่าง

rá-wàang — Between, during; indicates space or time interval

เรา

rao — We, us, or informal 'I'; first person pronoun

ดวงจันทร์

duang jan — The moon; Earth's natural satellite

คืน

khuuen — Night; the period of darkness after sunset

สุดท้าย

sùt tháai — Last, final; occurring at the very end

นี้

níi — This; demonstrative referring to nearby thing

พูด

phûut — To speak, talk; to produce spoken words

เมื่อกี้

mûuea gîi — Just now, a moment ago; very recent past

ท่าน

thân — You (formal); respectful second or third person pronoun

ใส่ใจ

sài jai — To pay attention to, care about something

นะ

ná — Softening particle seeking agreement or adding friendliness

แต่

dtàe — But, however; contrasting conjunction

แสงจันทร์

sǎeng jan — Moonlight; the light emitted or reflected by the moon

อื่น ๆ

ùuen ùuen — Other, various others; indicates additional similar things

เมื่อ

mûuea — When; refers to a past time or event

โศกเศร้า

sòok sâo — Grief, sorrow; a deep feeling of sadness

เงียบสงบ

ngîiap sà-ngòp — Quiet and peaceful, calm and still

สัมผัส

sǎm-phàt — To touch; contact between surfaces or senses

แบบ

bàep — Type, style, manner; way something is done

ต่าง

dtàang — Different, various; distinct from others

ออกไป

àawk bpai — To go out, move away outward from a place

ส่งผล

sòng phon — To cause a result, produce an effect on something

ต่อ

dtàaw — Against, toward, per; indicates continuation or direction

ด้วย

dûuai — Also, with, too; indicates accompaniment or addition

บางสิ่ง

baang sìng — Something; an unspecified thing or matter

คล้าย

khláai — Similar to, resembling; having likeness with something

ความรู้สึก

khwaam rúu sùek — Feeling, emotion, sensation experienced internally

สงบ

sà-ngòp — Calm, peaceful, tranquil; free from disturbance

อัน

an — Classifier for small objects; also a relative pronoun

เศร้าหมอง

sâo mǎawng — Melancholy, gloomy, sorrowfully clouded in spirit

เท่า

thâo — Equal to, as much as; used in comparisons

อารมณ์

aa-rom — Emotion, mood; a person's current feeling state

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which, that; relative pronoun linking clauses

เจ็บปวด

jèp bpùuat — Pain, suffering; physical or emotional hurt

รากฐาน

râak thǎan — Foundation, basis; the underlying base of something

จะ

jà — Will, going to; future tense marker

เดิน

dooen — To walk; to move on foot

หา

hǎa — To look for, seek; to search for something

ห้องขัง

hâawng khǎng — Prison cell, holding room; a confined locked space

นำพา

nam phaa — To lead, guide, escort someone somewhere

สู่

sùu — To, toward; indicates direction or destination

อิสรภาพ

ìt-sà-rá-phâap — Freedom, liberty; state of being free from constraint

ป้อมปราการ

bpâawm bpraa-gaan — Fortress, stronghold; a heavily fortified military structure

ภาพ

phâap — Image, picture, scene; a visual representation

บ่อย

bàauy — Often, frequently; happening many times

ครั้ง

kráng — Time, instance, occasion; a single occurrence

เฉกเช่น

chàyk chên — Just like, similar to; formal comparative expression

ตรงหน้า

dtrong nâa — Right in front, directly before one's face

ขณะนี้

khà-nà níi — At this moment, right now, currently

เว้นแต่

wén dtàe — Except, unless; introduces an exception to a statement

กอด

gàawt — To hug, embrace; to hold someone in one's arms

ไว้

wái — Keep, retain; particle indicating maintenance of a state

อ้อมแขน

âawm khǎen — Arms (embracing); the circle formed by one's arms

ยืน

yuuen — To stand; to be in an upright position

หน้าต่าง

nâa dtàang — Window; an opening in a wall for light and air

ลูกกรง

lûuk grong — Bars, grille, cage bars; metal rods forming a barrier

เล็ก

lék — Small, little, tiny; of limited size

ประตู

bprà-dtuu — Door, gate; an entrance or exit structure

เข้าใจ

khâo jai — To understand, comprehend; to grasp meaning clearly

นั่น

nân — That (over there); demonstrative for more distant things

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not, that's not; strong negation of identity

กำลัง

gam-lang — Currently doing; present progressive aspect marker

พูดถึง

phûut thǔeng — To mention, talk about, refer to something