A Tale of Two Cities — Page 6

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

มิได้

mi dai — Formal negative meaning 'did not' or 'have not'.

กล่าวถึง

klaao theung — To mention or refer to something or someone.

ว่า

waa — That; used to introduce a quote or clause.

มี

mii — To have or there is/are something.

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, or noise.

สะท้อน

sa-thon — To reflect or echo a sound or image.

ดัง

dang — Loud; producing a strong or resonant sound.

ก้อง

kong — To resound or reverberate loudly.

อยู่

yuu — To be located; to stay or remain somewhere.

รอบ

rop — Around; surrounding; a round or cycle.

ข้าง

khaang — Side; beside or next to something.

เธอ

thoe — She, her, or you (informal, often feminine).

ไพเราะ

phai-ro — Melodious, pleasant-sounding, or harmonious.

ใน

nai — In, inside, or within a place or context.

หู

huu — Ear; the organ used for hearing.

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to someone or something.

จาก

jaak — From; originating or departing from a place.

หลาย

laai — Many, several, or numerous things or times.

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, instance, or occurrence of an event.

ที่

thii — Place; relative pronoun 'that/which'; preposition 'at'.

บิดา

bi-daa — Father; formal or literary word for father.

บอก

bok — To tell, say, or inform someone something.

กับ

kap — With; together with; and (joining nouns).

เขา

khao — He, she, him, her, or they (third person).

พบ

phop — To meet, find, or encounter someone or something.

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizer prefix expressing abstract concepts or states.

เสน่หา

sa-neh-haa — Love, affection, or romantic attachment to someone.

ต่อ

to — Toward; continuing; per; against; connecting to.

มาก

maak — Much, many, or a lot; very (intensifier).

ขึ้น

khueen — To increase, rise, or go up; upward direction.

เมื่อ

mueea — When; at the time that something happened.

แต่งงาน

taeng-ngaan — To get married; entering into marriage.

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after completing an action.

หาก

haak — If; in the event that a condition is met.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter (general classifier).

นั้น

nan — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

เป็น

pen — To be; to become; to exist as something.

ไป

pai — To go; away; onward (directional particle).

ได้

dai — Can, able to; did (past marker); to get.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; the more... the more.

กว่า

kwaa — More than; comparative marker in Thai sentences.

ตอน

ton — Period, moment, episode, or part of time.

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; continuing action or state.

โสด

soot — Single, unmarried; not in a romantic relationship.

สามี

saa-mii — Husband; a woman's male spouse or partner.

ไม่

mai — No, not; general negation of verbs or adjectives.

ห่วงใย

huang-yai — To care for, worry about, or show concern.

หรือ

rue — Or; question particle for yes/no questions.

หน้าที่

naa-thii — Duty, responsibility, or role one must fulfill.

ใด

dai — Any, which, or whatever (indefinite pronoun).

ดู

duu — To look, watch, or seem; to appear a way.

เหมือน

muean — Like, similar to, or resembling something else.

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai.

แบ่งแยก

baeng-yaek — To divide, separate, or segregate things or people.

รัก

rak — To love; love or affection toward someone.

ช่วยเหลือ

chuai-lueea — To help, assist, or support someone in need.

ถาม

thaam — To ask a question or inquire about something.

อะไร

a-rai — What; asking about an unspecified thing or matter.

คือ

khue — Is, means, or that is to say (defining).

ลับ

lap — Secret, hidden, or confidential information or matter.

วิเศษ

wi-set — Wonderful, magical, special, or extraordinary quality.

ที่รัก

thii-rak — Dear, beloved; term of endearment for loved one.

ทำให้

tham-hai — To make, cause, or allow something to happen.

ทุก

thuk — Every, all, each; referring to all instances.

อย่าง

yaang — Kind, type, way, or manner of something.

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For; intended or designated for a specific purpose.

พวก

phuak — Group, gang, or collective pronoun 'we/they'.

เรา

rao — We, us, or I (informal first person pronoun).

คน

khon — Person, people; human classifier in Thai.

ราว

raao — About, approximately, around a number or amount.

แค่

khae — Only, just, merely; limiting the extent of something.

เดียว

diao — Single, alone, only one; just a moment.

แต่

tae — But, however; introducing a contrasting statement.

ก็

ko — Also, then, too; cohesive particle connecting clauses.

เคย

khoei — Used to; once did; experienced in the past.

รีบร้อน

riip-ron — To be in a hurry; hasty or rushed behavior.

งาน

ngaan — Work, job, task, or an event or ceremony.

เกิน

koen — To exceed, too much, or over a limit.

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action or task.

อื่นๆ

ueen ueen — Others, other things, various additional items.

ระยะ

ra-ya — Distance, period, or interval of space or time.

ไกล

klai — Far, distant, or a long way away.

ขู่

khuu — To threaten or intimidate someone with harm.

คุกคาม

khuk-khaam — To threaten, menace, or pose a danger to.

มุม

mum — Corner or angle of a room or space.

ห้อง

hong — Room; an enclosed space within a building.

ตลอด

ta-lot — Throughout, all along, the entire duration.

ช่วง

chuang — Period, interval, or span of time or space.

เวลา

we-laa — Time; a specific point or period of time.

นี้

nii — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned.

บัดนี้

bat-nii — Now, at this moment; formal present time expression.

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period of time.

เกิด

koet — To be born; to happen or occur suddenly.

ปี

pii — Year; a period of twelve months.

หก

hok — The number six (6).

น้อย

noi — Little, few, small in quantity or degree.

เหล่า

lao — Group of; plural marker for people or beings.

เริ่ม

roem — To start, begin, or commence an action.

น่า

naa — Worthy of; likely to cause a feeling (prefix).

สะพรึง

sa-phrueng — To be frightened or terrified; causing dread.

กลัว

kluaa — To be afraid, scared, or fearful of something.

พายุ

phaa-yu — Storm, typhoon, or violent weather disturbance.

ใหญ่

yai — Big, large, or great in size or importance.

ฝรั่งเศส

fa-rang-set — France; the European country, or French (adjective).

พร้อม

phrom — Ready, prepared, or along with something else.

คลื่น

khlueen — Wave; a wave of water, sound, or energy.

ทะเล

tha-lee — Sea, ocean; a large body of saltwater.

สูง

suung — Tall, high, or elevated in position or degree.

หวาด

waat — To be frightened, terrified, or alarmed by something.

คืน

khueen — Night; to return something; one night (time).

หนึ่ง

nueng — One (number 1); a single unit or item.

กลาง

klaang — Middle, center, or mid-point of something.

เดือน

duean — Month; one of twelve months in a year.

กรกฎาคม

ka-ra-ka-daa-khom — July; the seventh month of the Gregorian calendar.

พัน

phan — One thousand (1,000); to wrap or bind around.

เจ็ด

jet — The number seven (7).

ร้อย

roi — One hundred (100); also means 'to string together'.

แปด

paet — The number eight (8).

สิบ

sip — The number ten (10).

เก้า

kao — The number nine (9).

นาย

naai — Mr.; male title or master; employer or boss.

กลับ

klap — To return, go back, or come back somewhere.

มา

maa — To come; toward the speaker (directional verb).

ดึก

duek — Late at night; the late hours of night.

นั่ง

nang — To sit down or be in a seated position.

ลง

long — To go down, descend, or decrease; downward direction.

ข้างๆ

khaang khaang — Beside, next to, or alongside something or someone.

หน้าต่าง

naa-taang — Window; an opening in a wall with glass.

อัน

an — Classifier for general objects; the one (definite article).

มืด

muet — Dark, lacking light; darkness of night or room.

มิด

mit — Completely, entirely dark or sealed; pitch dark.

ร้อน

ron — Hot, warm; high temperature weather or object.

วุ่นวาย

wun-waai — Chaotic, turbulent, complicated, or in disorder.

ทั้ง

thang — Both, all, entire; including everything mentioned.

สาม

saam — The number three (3).

ต่าง

taang — Different, various; each separately; foreign or other.

นึก

nuek — To think, recall, or imagine something mentally.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at; about; thinking of someone.

อาทิตย์

aa-thit — Sun; week; Sunday (day of the week).

เก่าๆ

kao kao — Old, aged, or worn out (repeated for emphasis).

ฟ้าแลบ

faa-laep — Lightning; a flash of lightning in the sky.

เดิม

doem — Original, former, same as before; previously existing.

ข้าพเจ้า

khaa-pha-jao — I, me; formal or royal first-person pronoun.

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or have a thought about.

กล่าว

klaao — To say, speak, or state formally in writing.

พลาง

phlaang — While doing something simultaneously; at the same time.

ดัน

dan — To push; unexpectedly did something; to shove.

วิก

wik — Wig; artificial hair worn on the head.

ผม

phom — Hair (on head); I/me (polite male pronoun).

สี

sii — Color; the number four; to apply paint or color.

น้ำตาล

nam-taan — Brown (color); sugar; sugarcane-derived sweetener.

ด้าน

daan — Side, aspect, face, or area of something.

หลัง

lang — Back, behind, after; the rear of something.

คง

khong — Probably, likely; to remain stable or unchanged.

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; required or necessary to do.

ค้างคืน

khaang-khueen — To stay overnight; spending the night somewhere.