A Tale of Two Cities — Page 17

Vocabulary

มิฉะนั้น

mi-cha-nan — Otherwise; if not so, then this happens

ผู้ว่าการ

phu-wa-kan — Governor; official who administrates a region

จะ

ja — Will; future tense marker in Thai

ไม่

mai — No; negation word meaning not

ถูก

thuk — To be subjected to; passive marker or correct

นำตัว

nam-tua — To bring someone, escort or take a person

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating movement away

ยัง

yang — Still; also; to, toward a place

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to; for the purpose of something

รับ

rap — To receive, accept, or take something offered

การ

kan — Nominalizer prefix; action or process of something

พิพากษา

phi-phak-sa — To judge, sentence, or render a legal verdict

หลบหนี

lop-ni — To flee, escape, or run away from danger

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

เลือด

lueat — Blood; the red fluid in living bodies

ของ

khong — Of; possessive particle indicating belonging

ประชาชน

pra-cha-chon — The people; citizens of a country or community

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; relative pronoun linking clauses together

กลับ

klap — To return; to go back; reversal of state

มี

mi — To have; to possess or exist

คุณค่า

khun-kha — Value, worth; the quality of being valuable

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise up; directional particle going upward

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward speaker

อย่าง

yang — Like, as; in the manner of something

ปัจจุบันทันด่วน

pat-ju-ban-than-duan — Suddenly; all at once in the present moment

หลังจาก

lang-jak — After; following a particular event or time

ที่

thi — At, which; place marker or relative pronoun

ไร้ค่า

rai-kha — Worthless; having no value or importance

นาน

nan — Long time; for a lengthy duration

หลาย

lai — Many; several; a large number of things

ปี

pi — Year; a unit of time, twelve months

ได้รับ

dai-rap — To receive, obtain, or be given something

แก้แค้น

kae-khaen — To take revenge; to retaliate for a wrong

ใน

nai — In, inside; preposition indicating location within

ห้วง

huang — Expanse, void, depth; a vast space or realm

จักรวาล

jak-kra-wan — Universe; the entire cosmos or all of existence

แห่ง

haeng — Of, at; classifier for places or sources

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, noise made by something

โหยหวล

hoi-huan — Wailing, mournful sound; a sorrowful haunting cry

ความ

khwam — Nominalizer prefix turning adjectives into abstract nouns

เร่าร้อน

rao-ron — Fervent, burning passion; intensely heated emotion

โต้เถียง

to-thiang — To argue, dispute, debate back and forth

ดู

du — To look, watch, or seem to appear like

เหมือน

muean — Like, similar to; resembling something else

ล้อมรอบ

lom-rop — To surround, encircle completely from all sides

นายทหาร

nai-tha-han — Military officer; a person of military rank

ชรา

cha-ra — Elderly, aged; old in years or appearance

ผู้

phu — Person who; prefix indicating a person or doer

น่าสะพรึงกลัว

na-sa-phrueng-klua — Terrifying, dreadful, fearsome; causing great fear

เด่นชัด

den-chat — Prominent, distinct, clearly noticeable and visible

เสื้อคลุม

suea-khlum — Coat, cloak; an outer garment worn over clothes

สีเทา

si-thao — Gray color; the shade between black and white

เครื่องประดับ

khrueang-pra-dap — Decoration, ornament, jewelry worn on body

สีแดง

si-daeng — Red color; the bright color of blood

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limiting to one thing

ร่าง

rang — Body, figure, form; physical shape of a person

เดียว

diao — Single, alone, only one; solitary

แน่วแน่

naeo-nae — Resolute, determined, unwavering in purpose or intention

มั่นคง

man-khong — Stable, firm, secure; solidly established and steady

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating identity or state

ผู้หญิง

phu-ying — Woman, female; an adult female person

ดูสิ

du-si — Look there! Exclamation directing attention to something

นั่น

nan — That one; demonstrative pronoun for distant objects

คือ

khue — Is, that is; equating or defining something

สามี

sa-mi — Husband; a married male partner or spouse

ฉัน

chan — I, me; first-person pronoun used informally

เธอ

thoe — She, her, you; pronoun for females or close peers

ร้อง

rong — To cry out, shout, or call loudly

ตะโกน

ta-kon — To shout, yell loudly at someone or something

พร้อม

phrom — Ready; together with; simultaneously prepared

ชี้

chi — To point at or indicate with a finger

ให้

hai — To give; causative particle; for someone's benefit

เห็น

hen — To see, notice, or visually perceive something

สิ

si — Particle adding emphasis or mild command to sentence

ยืน

yuen — To stand upright on one's feet

นิ่งแน่

ning-nae — Standing still, motionless; completely fixed in place

อยู่

yu — To be located; to stay or remain somewhere

ใกล้ชิด

klai-chit — Close, intimate; nearby in distance or relationship

ยังคง

yang-khong — Still, continuing; remaining in the same state

เขา

khao — He, she, they; third-person pronoun

ตลอด

ta-lot — Throughout, all along; the entire length or duration

เส้นทาง

sen-thang — Route, path, road; a way to travel somewhere

บน

bon — On, upon, above; preposition indicating top surface

ถนน

tha-non — Street, road; a paved path for vehicles

ขณะที่

kha-na-thi — While, at the moment that; simultaneous timing

คนอื่นๆ

khon-uen-uen — Others, other people; different persons besides mentioned

พา

pha — To lead, take, or bring someone along

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something occurred

นำ

nam — To lead, bring, or guide something or someone

ใกล้

klai — Near, close to; not far in distance

จุดหมาย

jut-mai — Destination, goal; the intended endpoint of a journey

เริ่ม

roem — To start, begin; the commencement of an action

โจมตี

jom-ti — To attack, assault; to strike aggressively against someone

จาก

jak — From; originating point or source of something

ด้านหลัง

dan-lang — From behind, the rear side of something

สายฝน

sai-fon — Streams of rain; rivulets of falling raindrops

แทง

thaeng — To stab, pierce with a sharp pointed object

สะสม

sa-som — To accumulate, collect, gather gradually over time

ตก

tok — To fall down; to drop from a height

ลง

long — Down; directional particle indicating downward movement

หนัก

nak — Heavy; severe; weighing a great amount

มาก

mak — Very, much, a lot; indicating high degree

จน

jon — Until; to the extent that; resulting in

ล้มตาย

lom-tai — To fall dead; to collapse and die violently

ใต้

tai — Under, beneath, below; in a lower position

จึง

jueng — Therefore, then; indicating a result or next step

เคลื่อนไหว

khluean-wai — To move, to make movements; to be in motion

เหยียบ

yiap — To step on, tread upon with one's foot

เท้า

thao — Foot; the lower extremity of the leg

คอ

kho — Neck; the part connecting head to body

ด้วย

duay — With, also; by means of; additionally included

มีด

mit — Knife; a sharp-bladed cutting tool or weapon

อัน

an — Classifier for small objects; one item

โหดร้าย

hot-rai — Cruel, brutal, savage; showing no mercy or kindness

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; completion marker in Thai

ก็

ko — Also, then; connective particle linking related clauses

ฟัน

fan — To slash, hack; to cut forcefully with a blade

ศีรษะ

si-sa — Head; the uppermost part of the body

ขาด

khat — To sever, break off; cut apart completely

ออก

ok — Out; away; directional particle indicating outward movement

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at; until; as far as

เวลา

we-la — Time; a period or moment when something occurs

ลงมือ

long-mue — To take action, begin doing something actively

ปฏิบัติ

pa-ti-bat — To practice, carry out, or execute an action

ความคิด

khwam-khit — Thought, idea; a mental concept or notion

น่าสยดสยอง

na-sa-yot-sa-yong — Horrifying, ghastly; causing extreme horror or disgust

แขวน

khwaen — To hang, suspend something from above

คน

khon — Person, people; a human being or individual

โคมไฟ

khom-fai — Lantern, lamp; a light fixture hung somewhere

แสดง

sa-daeng — To show, demonstrate, perform; to display to others

ว่า

wa — That; to say; quotative or complementizer particle

สามารถ

sa-mat — Can, able to; having the ability or capability

อะไร

a-rai — What; interrogative pronoun asking about something

ทำ

tham — To do, make, perform an action or task

ได้

dai — Can, could; ability marker or past tense particle

บ้าง

bang — Some; somewhat; used in questions seeking examples