A Tale of Two Cities — Page 23

Vocabulary

ภรรยา

phan-ra-yaa — Wife; a man's female spouse

ชาว

chaao — People of a particular place or group

อังกฤษ

ang-krit — England or the English language

สาวงาม

saao ngaam — Beautiful young woman; a lovely girl

ของ

khaawng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

ข้า

khaa — I; me; archaic or formal first-person pronoun

เรา

rao — We; us; also informal first-person singular

เห็น

hen — To see; to notice something visually

ชาย

chaai — Male; man; masculine gender

คน

khon — Person; people; human being

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ควร

khuaan — Should; ought to; expressing advisability

จะ

ja — Will; going to; future tense marker

อยู่

yuu — To be located; to stay; to live somewhere

ที่

thii — At; place; relative pronoun or location marker

ประตู

pra-tuu — Door; gate; entrance to a room or building

ยืน

yuuen — To stand; to be in an upright position

นิ่ง

ning — Still; motionless; quiet without movement

เบื้องหลัง

bueang lang — Behind; background; the rear side of something

เขา

khao — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

คดี

kha-dii — Case; legal matter; a court case

เร่งด่วน

reng duuan — Urgent; pressing; requiring immediate attention

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

ถนน

tha-non — Road; street; a paved path for vehicles

กล่าว

klaao — To say; to state; to speak formally

มัน

man — It; informal pronoun for things or animals

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle in Thai sentences

ใช้

chai — To use; to utilize something for a purpose

เวลา

we-laa — Time; a period or moment in time

นาน

naan — Long time; for an extended duration

มี

mii — To have; there is; to possess something

รถม้า

rot maa — Horse-drawn carriage; a horse-pulled vehicle

คอย

khawy — To wait; to await someone or something

พา

phaa — To take; to lead someone somewhere

มา

maa — To come; toward the speaker; directional verb

นี่

nii — This; here; referring to something nearby

สู่

suu — To; toward; in the direction of

หลุมฝังศพ

lum fang sop — Grave; a burial pit for a dead body

เมื่อ

mueaa — When; at the time that something happened

พ้น

phon — Past; beyond; to be free from something

จาก

jaak — From; away from; departing a place

บ้าน

baan — House; home; one's place of residence

ออก

aawk — Out; to exit; to go outside

ผ้าพันคอ

phaa phan khaaw — Scarf; cloth wrapped around the neck

สีดำ

sii dam — Black color; the darkest color

ถูก

thuuk — To be subjected to; passive voice marker

ดึง

dueng — To pull; to tug something toward oneself

รัด

rat — To tighten; to bind snugly around something

แน่น

naen — Tight; firm; securely fastened or packed

ปิด

pit — To close; to shut; to cover something

ปาก

paak — Mouth; lips; opening of the face

ด้าน

daan — Side; aspect; a face or surface of something

หลัง

lang — Back; behind; the rear part of something

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

แขน

khaen — Arm; the limb from shoulder to wrist

มัด

mat — To tie; to bind with rope or cord

ไว้

wai — To keep; to place; resultative verb particle

พี่น้อง

phii naawng — Siblings; brothers and sisters collectively

ทั้ง

thang — Both; all; entirety of a group

สอง

saawng — Two; the number 2

ข้าม

khaam — To cross over; to go across something

มุม

mum — Corner; angle; a meeting point of two sides

มืด

muet — Dark; lacking light; gloomy conditions

ระบุ

ra-bu — To identify; to specify; to name something precisely

ตัว

tuua — Body; self; classifier for animals and objects

ด้วย

duuay — Also; with; by means of something

ท่าทาง

thaa thaang — Appearance; manner; one's bearing or posture

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just a small amount

ครั้ง

khrang — Time; instance; a single occurrence of something

เดียว

diao — Single; alone; only one of something

หยิบ

yip — To pick up; to grab something with fingers

จดหมาย

jot-maai — Letter; written correspondence sent to someone

เขียน

khian — To write; to compose text on a surface

กระเป๋า

kra-pao — Bag; pocket; a container for carrying items

แสดง

sa-daeng — To show; to display; to perform or demonstrate

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive marker

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to observe something

เผา

phao — To burn; to set something on fire

แสง

saeng — Light; brightness; rays of illumination

โคมไฟ

khoom fai — Lamp; lantern; a light-producing fixture

ถือ

thue — To hold; to carry something in one's hand

เหยียบ

yiap — To step on; to tread upon something

เถ้าถ่าน

thao thaan — Ashes; burnt remains of something incinerated

เท้า

thao — Foot; the lower extremity of the leg

คำพูด

kham phuut — Words; speech; something that has been spoken

ใด

dai — Any; which; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

เอ่ย

ooei — To utter; to speak up; to begin saying something

นำพา

nam phaa — To lead; to guide someone to a place

ทั้งเป็น

thang pen — Alive; still living; while still being alive

หาก

haak — If; in case; conditional conjunction

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; linking verb

พระเจ้า

phra jao — God; a divine being or deity

บันดาล

ban-daan — To cause; to bring about; to inspire something

จิตใจ

jit jai — Mind; heart; one's inner feelings and thoughts

แข็งกระด้าง

khaeng kra-daang — Hard-hearted; stubborn; emotionally hardened

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1; a single unit

ช่วง

chuuang — Period; span; a stretch of time or space

ปี

pii — Year; a 12-month period of time

อัน

an — General classifier for objects; a certain thing

น่าสะพรึงกลัว

naa sa-phrueng kluaa — Terrifying; dreadful; causing fear and horror

เหล่า

lao — Those; a group of; plural marker for people

นี้

nii — This; these; referring to something close by

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All; everything; the entire amount or group

ยอม

yaawm — To accept; to consent; to give in willingly

แจ้ง

jaeng — To inform; to notify; to report something officially

ข่าว

khaao — News; information about recent events

ใดๆ

dai dai — Any; whatsoever; emphasizing no particular one

เกี่ยวกับ

kiao kap — About; concerning; relating to a topic

ที่รัก

thii rak — Beloved; dear; a term of endearment

แม้

mae — Even though; although; concessive conjunction

ได้

dai — Can; to obtain; past tense or ability marker

รู้

ruu — To know; to be aware of something

ว่า

waa — That; to say; complementizer introducing a clause

เธอ

thoe — She; you; second or third person feminine pronoun

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; continuing to do something

มีชีวิต

mii chii-wit — To be alive; to have life; living

หรือ

rue — Or; question particle for yes/no questions

สิ้นชีพ

sin chiip — To die; to lose one's life; to perish

ไป

pai — To go; away from speaker; directional verb

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; completion aspect marker

อาจ

aat — Might; may; expressing possibility or uncertainty

คิด

khit — To think; to consider; to have a thought

มิได้

mi dai — Did not; has not; formal negation of action

ละทิ้ง

la thing — To abandon; to forsake; to leave behind someone

พวกเขา

phuuak khao — They; them; a group of people

เสีย

siia — To lose; broken; aspect particle for regret

ทีเดียว

thii diao — Completely; quite; used for emphasis entirely

แต่

tae — But; however; conjunction showing contrast

บัดนี้

bat nii — Now; at this moment; formal present time expression

เชื่อ

chuea — To believe; to trust; to have faith in

เครื่องหมาย

khrueang maai — Sign; mark; symbol representing something

กางเขน

kaang khen — Cross; the Christian cross symbol

สีแดง

sii daeng — Red color; the color of blood or fire

นำ

nam — To lead; to bring; to guide forward

หายนะ

haai-ya-na — Disaster; catastrophe; a terrible destructive event

ส่วน

suuan — Part; portion; as for; a section of something

เลย

looei — At all; so; past; emphasis or result particle