A Tale of Two Cities — Page 9

Vocabulary

ฉัน

chan — First-person pronoun, I or me (informal).

เห็น

hen — To see or perceive something visually.

เมือง

mueang — City, town, or country.

อัน

an — A classifier for small or general objects.

งดงาม

ngot-ngam — Beautiful, graceful, or aesthetically pleasing.

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning and, connecting words or clauses.

ผู้คน

phu-khon — People, persons, or human beings collectively.

ผุด

phut — To spring up, emerge, or pop out suddenly.

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise, go up, or increase.

จาก

chak — From, away from, or departing a place.

เหว

heo — A deep pit, chasm, or abyss.

นี้

ni — Demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning this.

ใน

nai — Preposition meaning in, inside, or within.

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process.

ต่อสู้

to-su — To fight, struggle, or combat against something.

ดิ้นรน

din-ron — To strive hard, struggle desperately to survive.

เพื่อ

phuea — Conjunction or preposition meaning for or in order to.

เสรีภาพ

se-ri-phap — Freedom, liberty, or the right to be free.

แท้จริง

thae-ching — True, genuine, or real in nature.

ชัยชนะ

chai-cha-na — Victory, triumph, or winning a contest.

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix for abstract nouns or concepts.

พ่ายแพ้

phai-phae — To be defeated, lose, or suffer a loss.

ตลอด

ta-lot — Throughout, all along, or the entire duration.

หลาย

lai — Many, several, or numerous items or people.

ปี

pi — Year, a unit of time equal to twelve months.

ยาวนาน

yao-nan — Long, lengthy, or extended over a great time.

ที่

thi — Relative pronoun, place marker, or preposition at.

จะ

cha — Future tense marker indicating something will happen.

มาถึง

ma-thueng — To arrive, reach, or come to a destination.

ชั่วร้าย

chua-rai — Evil, wicked, or morally corrupt in nature.

ของ

khong — Possessive particle meaning of or belonging to.

ยุคสมัย

yuk-sa-mai — Era, age, or period of historical time.

ก่อน

kon — Before, prior to, or earlier in time.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Relative pronoun meaning which, that, or who.

เป็น

pen — To be, exist as, or become something.

ต้นกำเนิด

ton-kam-noet — Origin, source, or the beginning of something.

ตาม

tam — To follow, according to, or in accordance with.

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-chat — Nature, the natural world, or natural character.

มัน

man — Third-person pronoun it, or informal he/she.

ค่อยๆ

khoi-khoi — Gradually, slowly, or little by little.

ให้

hai — To give, allow, or causative verb marker.

แก่

kae — Preposition to or for; also means old or aged.

ตัวเอง

tua-eng — Oneself, himself, herself, or itself reflexively.

เสื่อมสลาย

sueam-salai — To decay, deteriorate, or crumble away over time.

ไป

pai — To go, away, or directional particle forward.

ชีวิต

chi-wit — Life, existence, or one's living experience.

ผู้

phu — Prefix meaning person who does or a doer.

สละ

sa-la — To sacrifice, give up, or relinquish something willingly.

พวกเขา

phuak-khao — They, them, or that group of people.

สงบสุข

sa-ngop-suk — Peaceful, tranquil, and happy; a state of peace.

ประโยชน์

pra-yot — Benefit, usefulness, or advantage gained from something.

รุ่งเรือง

rung-rueang — To prosper, flourish, or thrive successfully.

มี

mi — To have, possess, or there is/are.

ความสุข

khwam-suk — Happiness, joy, or a state of contentment.

อังกฤษ

ang-krit — England, Britain, or the English language/people.

ไม่

mai — Negation particle meaning no, not, or don't.

วัน

wan — Day, a unit of time lasting twenty-four hours.

ได้

dai — To get, obtain, or auxiliary marking ability/past tense.

อีก

ik — Again, more, another, or additionally.

เธอ

thoe — She, her, or informal second-person pronoun you.

กับ

kap — With, together with, or and (connecting nouns).

เด็กน้อย

dek-noi — A little child or young small kid.

บน

bon — On top of, above, or upon a surface.

อก

ok — Chest, breast, or the front of the torso.

แบกรับ

baek-rap — To bear, carry, or shoulder a burden or responsibility.

นาม

nam — Name, noun, or a formal title or designation.

บิดา

bi-da — Father, a formal or literary word for dad.

ชราภาพ

cha-ra-phap — Old age, the state of being elderly and aged.

แต่

tae — But, however, or yet as a contrasting conjunction.

ด้านอื่น

dan-uen — The other side, another aspect, or different dimension.

ได้รับ

dai-rap — To receive, obtain, or be given something.

ฟื้นฟู

fuen-fu — To restore, rehabilitate, or revive something back.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then, or past tense completion marker.

ซื่อสัตย์

sue-sat — Honest, faithful, loyal, and morally upright.

ต่อ

to — Toward, against, per, or continuing onward.

ทุกคน

thuk-khon — Everyone, everybody, or each and every person.

หน้าที่

na-thi — Duty, responsibility, or one's assigned role.

รักษา

rak-sa — To maintain, preserve, treat medically, or protect.

เขา

khao — He, him, she, her, or they (third person).

ใจ

chai — Heart, mind, or the emotional core of a person.

ชายชรา

chai-cha-ra — An old man, an elderly male person.

ดี

di — Good, well, fine, or of positive quality.

มิตร

mit — Friend, ally, or one who is friendly and supportive.

มา

ma — To come, arrive, or directional particle toward speaker.

ช้านาน

cha-nan — For a long time, a lengthy period already past.

สิบ

sip — The number ten in Thai.

ข้างหน้า

khang-na — Ahead, in front, or the future direction.

มอบ

mop — To give, hand over, or present as a gift.

ทุกสิ่ง

thuk-sing — Everything, all things, or every single matter.

จากไป

chak-pai — To leave, go away, or pass away (die).

อย่าง

yang — In a manner of, like, or as a kind of.

สงบ

sa-ngop — Calm, peaceful, quiet, or tranquil.

สู่

su — Toward, to, or in the direction of something.

รางวัล

rang-wan — Prize, reward, or an award given for achievement.

ว่า

wa — That (complementizer), to say, or as a quotative marker.

ที่พำนัก

thi-pham-nak — A residence, dwelling place, or place of abode.

ศักดิ์สิทธิ์

sak-sit — Sacred, holy, or having divine and blessed power.

ลูกหลาน

luk-lan — Descendants, offspring, or children and grandchildren.

สืบต่อ

suep-to — To continue, carry on, or pass something down.

กัน

kan — Each other, together, or a reciprocal particle.

ชั่ว

chua — Evil, wicked, or a period/lifetime duration.

หญิงชรา

ying-cha-ra — An old woman, an elderly female person.

ร้องไห้

rong-hai — To cry, weep, or shed tears from emotion.

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, or until a point.

ครบรอบ

khrop-rop — Anniversary, or completing a full cycle of time.

วันนี้

wan-ni — Today, this present day.

สามี

sa-mi — Husband, a woman's male spouse.

เมื่อ

muea — When, at the time that, or previously.

เส้นทาง

sen-thang — Path, route, road, or way to a destination.

สิ้นสุด

sin-sut — To end, conclude, or come to a final termination.

ลง

long — To go down, descend, or directional particle downward.

นอน

non — To sleep, lie down, or rest in bed.

เคียงข้าง

khiang-khang — Beside, alongside, or next to someone closely.

ที่นอน

thi-non — Bed, mattress, or sleeping place.

สุดท้าย

sut-thai — Last, final, or ultimate in a sequence.

โลก

lok — World, earth, or the universe of existence.

รู้

ru — To know, understand, or be aware of something.

แต่ละ

tae-la — Each, every individual one in a group.

คน

khon — Person, individual human being, or people classifier.

มิได้

mi-dai — Did not, have not, or formal negation of past.

รับ

rap — To receive, accept, or take something offered.

ยกย่อง

yok-yong — To praise, honor, or hold someone in high esteem.

ถือ

thue — To hold, carry, or regard something as.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter in general.

จิตวิญญาณ

chit-win-yan — Spirit, soul, or the spiritual essence of a being.

อีกฝ่าย

ik-fai — The other side, party, or opposing faction.

มาก

mak — Much, many, a lot, or very (intensifier).

กว่า

kwa — More than, greater than, or comparative marker.

ทั้งคู่

thang-khu — Both of them, the pair together.

เด็ก

dek — Child, kid, or young person.

คนนั้น

khon-nan — That person, that individual over there.

เคย

khoei — Used to, ever, or have previously done something.

กลาย

klai — To become, turn into, or transform into something else.

ชาย

chai — Male, man, or a masculine person.

ก้าวขึ้น

kao-khuen — To step up, rise, or advance to a higher position.

ครั้งหนึ่ง

khrang-nueng — Once, one time, or on a certain occasion.