A Tale of Two Cities — Page 9

Vocabulary

ที่

thîi — Place, location; also used as a relative pronoun

ประตู

pra-dtuu — Door or gate of a building

กลุ่ม

glùm — Group or cluster of people or things

นาย

naai — Master, boss, or title for a man

ทหาร

tha-hǎan — Soldier or military personnel

กำลัง

gam-lang — Strength, power; also progressive aspect marker

มอง

maawng — To look at or gaze at something

ดู

duu — To look at or watch something

เพลิง

phloeng — Fire, especially a large or destructive fire

ไหม้

mâi — To burn or be scorched by fire

ห่าง

hàang — Far away, distant, or apart from something

ออก

àawk — To exit, go out, or emerge

ไป

bpai — To go; also used as a directional particle

จาก

jàak — From, away from a place or person

พวก

phûak — Group of people; a collective pronoun marker

เขา

khǎo — He, she, they; third-person pronoun

คือ

khuue — Is, means; used for identification or definition

ช่วย

chûai — To help, assist, or aid someone

ด้วย

dûai — Also, too; with; used as a particle

ท่าน

thân — Respectful second or third person pronoun

ผู้ดี

phûu-dii — A well-bred, refined, or upper-class person

คฤหาสน์

kha-rúe-hàat — A mansion or large stately residence

ถูก

thùuk — To be hit; cheap; passive voice marker

ไฟ

fai — Fire or flame; also electricity or light

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing, object, or matter in general

ของ

khǎawng — Of, belonging to; also means things or stuff

มี

mii — To have or possess; there is/are

ค่า

khâa — Value, worth, or cost of something

อาจ

àat — Might, may; expressing possibility or uncertainty

รอด

râawt — To survive, escape, or be saved from danger

พ้น

phón — To be free from, past, or beyond something

เปลว

plaeo — A tongue or jet of flame

ได้

dâai — To get, obtain; can; past tense marker

หาก

hàak — If, in the event that; a conditional conjunction

กัน

gan — Together, each other; a reciprocal particle

ทัน

than — In time, to catch up with, to be on time

เวลา

wee-laa — Time, a period or moment in time

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; also used to mean 'also'

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation particle for present and future

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process

คำ

kham — Word, utterance, or spoken statement

สั่ง

sàng — To order, command, or instruct someone

ใด

dai — Any, which; an interrogative or indefinite pronoun

และ

láe — And; a conjunction connecting words or clauses

ตอบ

dtàawp — To answer, reply, or respond to someone

ยัก

yák — To shrug or shift; used in yák lài (shrug)

ไหล่

lài — Shoulder, the upper part of the arm area

กัด

gàt — To bite or clench with the teeth

ริม

rim — Edge, rim, or side of something

ฝีปาก

fǐi-bpàak — Lips; also refers to eloquence in speech

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces reported or quoted speech

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

ต้อง

dtâawng — Must, have to; to need to do something

ขณะ

kha-nà — Moment, instant; while something is happening

นัก

nák — Expert, enthusiast; also intensifier meaning very

ขี่

khìi — To ride an animal or vehicle

ม้า

máa — Horse, the large domesticated riding animal

ลง

long — To go down, descend; a directional particle downward

เนิน

nəən — A hill, slope, or gentle mound of land

อีก

ìik — Again, another, more; indicating repetition or addition

ครั้ง

khráng — Time, occasion; a counter for occurrences

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass through or go past something

ถนน

tha-nǒn — Road or street for vehicles and pedestrians

หมู่บ้าน

mùu-bâan — Village, a small rural community or settlement

ก็

gâaw — Then, also; a discourse particle connecting clauses

สว่าง

sa-wàang — Bright, well-lit, or illuminated with light

ไสว

sa-wǎi — Brilliantly bright, gleaming, or radiant with light

ขึ้น

khûen — To rise, go up; an upward directional particle

ช่าง

châang — Craftsman, technician, or skilled tradesperson

ซ่อม

sâawm — To repair, fix, or mend something broken

เพื่อน

phûean — Friend or companion

พ้อง

pháawng — Associates, companions; similar sounding words

สอง

sǎawng — Two; the number 2

ร้อย

ráawi — Hundred; the number 100

ห้า

hâa — Five; the number 5

สิบ

sìp — Ten; the number 10

คน

khon — Person, people; a classifier for humans

ต่าง

dtàang — Different, various; each, separately from others

ได้รับ

dâai-ráp — To receive, obtain, or be given something

แรง

raaeng — Strong, powerful; force or strength

บันดาลใจ

ban-daan-jai — To inspire; to motivate someone's heart and mind

เป็น

bpen — To be; to exist as; used for identity or state

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number 1

เดียว

diao — Single, alone, only one; just one

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix for abstract nouns or concepts

คิด

khít — To think, consider, or have a thought

จะ

jà — Will, going to; future tense marker

จุด

jùt — Point, spot; to light or ignite something

ส่อง

sàawng — To shine light upon or illuminate something

จึง

jueng — So, therefore, thus; showing result or consequence

พา

phaa — To lead, take, or bring someone somewhere

วิ่ง

wîng — To run at speed

เข้า

khâo — To enter, go in; an inward directional particle

บ้าน

bâan — House, home, or one's place of residence

ตน

dton — Oneself; a reflexive pronoun referring to self

วาง

waang — To place or put something down somewhere

เทียน

thian — Candle used for light or religious ceremonies

ไว้

wái — To keep, place, or set aside for later

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or container

ทุก

thúk — Every, all, each without exception

ช่อง

châawng — Opening, slot, channel, or gap in something

กระจก

gra-jòk — Glass; mirror or glass pane in a window

เล็กๆ

lék-lék — Very small, tiny; reduplication emphasizes smallness

ขุ่น

khùn — Murky, cloudy, or turbid; also irritated feeling

มัว

mua — Hazy, blurry, or dim; unclear vision or appearance

ขาดแคลน

khàat-khlaen — To be scarce, lacking, or in short supply

ทำให้

tham-hâi — To make, cause, or render something a certain way

ยืม

yuuem — To borrow something from someone temporarily

ท่าที

thâa-thii — Manner, attitude, or demeanor shown by someone

ค่อนข้าง

khâawn-khâang — Rather, quite, fairly; moderately so

เด็ดขาด

dèt-khàat — Decisive, absolute, firm; without any exception

เจ้าหน้าที่

jâo-nâa-thîi — Official, officer, or person with assigned duties

ผู้นั้น

phûu-nán — That person; referring to a specific individual

ลังเล

lang-lee — To hesitate or waver in making a decision

ชักช้า

chák-cháa — To delay, dawdle, or be slow in acting

ผู้

phûu — Person who; a nominalizing prefix for people

เคย

khəəi — Used to; to have ever done something before

ยอมรับ

yaawm-ráp — To accept, acknowledge, or admit something

อำนาจ

am-nâat — Power, authority, or influence over others

อย่าง

yàang — Type, kind; in a certain manner or way

สงบ

sa-ngòp — Calm, peaceful, quiet, and undisturbed

กล่าว

glàao — To say, state, or mention something formally

รถม้า

rót-máa — Horse-drawn carriage or cart

นั้น

nán — That; a demonstrative pronoun for distant reference

เอา

ao — To take or get; a causative or purposive marker

กอง

gaawng — Pile, heap, or stack of things; a military unit

ดี

dii — Good, fine, or of high quality

ไปรษณีย์

bprai-sa-nii — Post office; mail or postal service

ย่าง

yâang — To grill or roast over a flame

เช่น

chên — For example, such as; introducing an example

ปล่อย

bplàawi — To release, let go, or set free

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; a causative or purpose marker

ลุก

lúk — To get up, rise, or flare up as fire

เผา

phǎo — To burn, incinerate, or cremate something

ผลาญ

phlaai — To destroy, ravage, or waste by burning

ตัว

dtua — Body; classifier for animals and some objects

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by oneself; an emphatic reflexive particle

ท่ามกลาง

thâam-glaang — In the midst of, surrounded by something

เสียง

sǐang — Sound, voice, or noise

คำราม

kham-raam — To roar, growl, or thunder loudly and fiercely

ดุเดือด

dù-dùeat — Fierce, intense, ferocious; extremely aggressive

ลม

lom — Wind or breeze; also air in general

ร้อน

ráawn — Hot, heated; high in temperature

แดง

daaeng — Red; the color red

พัด

phát — To blow (wind); a fan used for cooling

มา

maa — To come; an inward directional particle toward speaker

ตรง

dtrong — Straight, direct; exactly at a specific point

นรก

na-rók — Hell; the underworld of suffering and punishment

เหมือน

mǔean — Like, similar to, resembling something else

อาคาร

aa-khaan — Building, structure used for a specific purpose

หลัง

lǎng — Back; behind; after; also a classifier for buildings

ตาม

dtaam — To follow; according to; along a path

ใบหน้า

bai-nâa — Face, the front part of a person's head

หิน

hǐn — Stone, rock; hard mineral material

เหล่านั้น

lào-nán — Those; referring to previously mentioned plural things

ปรากฏ

bpraa-gòt — To appear, emerge, or become visible suddenly

ราว

raao — About, approximately; also a rail or rod

กับ

gàp — With, together with; and; a preposition of accompaniment

ทรมาน

tho-ra-maan — To torment, torture, or cause great suffering