A Tale of Two Cities — Page 4

Vocabulary

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun or general referent.

ปลอดภัย

plòt-phai — Safe; free from danger or harm.

พอ

phɔː — Enough; sufficient amount or degree.

สำหรับ

sǎm-ràp — For; intended or designated for someone or something.

ฉัน

chǎn — I; first-person pronoun used informally.

ไม่มี

mâi mii — There is none; does not have or exist.

ใคร

khrai — Who; anyone; referring to a person.

อยาก

yàak — To want; to desire something strongly.

ยุ่งเกี่ยว

yûng-kìao — To be involved or entangled with something.

กับ

kàp — With; together with; and (connecting nouns).

ชายแก่

chaai kɛ̀ɛ — Old man; an elderly male person.

อายุ

aa-yú — Age; the length of time one has lived.

เกือบ

kùap — Almost; nearly reaching a certain point.

แปดสิบ

pɛ̀ɛt-sìp — Eighty; the number 80.

ปี

pii — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months.

หรอก

rɔ̀k — Particle softening denial or dismissal of a claim.

เมื่อ

mʉ̂a — When; at the time that something happened.

มี

mii — To have; there is or there are.

ผู้คน

phûu-khon — People; a group of persons in general.

มากมาย

mâak-maai — Plentiful; a great number or amount.

ที่นั่น

thîi-nân — There; at that place over there.

ซึ่ง

sʉ̂ng — Which; that; a relative pronoun connecting clauses.

คุ้มค่า

khúm-khâa — Worthwhile; worth the cost or effort spent.

แก่

kɛ̀ɛ — Old; elderly; aged in years.

การ

kaan — A nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process.

มากกว่า

mâak-kwàa — More than; exceeding in quantity or degree.

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a large quantity or degree.

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or period.

ส่วน

sùan — Part; portion; section of a whole.

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun or nominalizer.

เมือง

mʉang — City; town; a populated urban area.

นั้น

nán — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker indicating intention.

ระส่ำระสาย

rá-sàm-rá-saai — Chaotic; turbulent; in a state of disorder.

หาก

hàak — If; in the event that a condition is met.

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; negates identity or classification.

ก็

kɔ̂ — Then; also; a connective or softening particle.

คง

khong — Probably; likely; expressing supposition.

เหตุ

hèet — Reason; cause; the basis for an event.

จำเป็น

jam-pen — Necessary; essential; required to be done.

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must; have to; obligation or necessity.

ส่ง

sòng — To send; to dispatch someone or something.

สักคน

sàk-khon — Someone; any one particular person.

จาก

jàak — From; originating or departing from a place.

สาขา

sǎa-khǎa — Branch; a subsidiary office or division.

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle.

เรา

rao — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

ที่นี่

thîi-nîi — Here; at this present location.

ไป

pai — To go; to move away from current location.

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; continuing state or action.

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; a nominalizing prefix.

รู้จัก

rúu-jàk — To know; to be acquainted with someone.

และ

lɛ́ — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses.

ธุรกิจ

thú-rá-kìt — Business; commercial activity or enterprise.

ดี

dii — Good; of high quality or positive character.

มา

maa — To come; to move toward the speaker.

แต่

tɛ̀ɛ — But; however; introducing a contrasting idea.

เก่าก่อน

kào-kɔ̀ɔn — Long ago; of former or olden times.

ได้รับ

dâi-ráp — To receive; to obtain or be given something.

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality.

ไว้วางใจ

wái-waang-jai — To trust; to place confidence in someone.

เดินทาง

dəən-thaang — To travel; to make a journey somewhere.

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation marker in Thai sentences.

แน่นอน

nɛ̂ɛ-nɔɔn — Certain; definite; absolutely sure.

อัน

an — A classifier for items; one particular thing.

ยาวนาน

yaao-naan — Long-lasting; prolonged over a great period.

สภาพ

sà-phâap — Condition; state; the existing circumstances.

อากาศ

aa-kàat — Weather; air; atmospheric conditions.

ฤดูหนาว

rʉ́-duu-nǎao — Winter; the cold season of the year.

พร้อม

phrɔ́m — Ready; prepared; together with something.

ยอมรับ

yɔɔm-ráp — To accept; to acknowledge or admit something.

สะดวก

sà-dùak — Convenient; comfortable; easy to do.

เล็กน้อย

lék-nɔ́i — A little; slightly; a small amount.

เพื่อ

phʉ̂a — In order to; for the purpose of something.

หลังจาก

lǎng-jàak — After; following a particular event or time.

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass; to go through or past something.

ทั้งหมด

tháng-mòt — All; everything; the entire total amount.

เหล่านี้

làao-níi — These; referring to nearby things just mentioned.

แล้ว

lɛ́ɛo — Already; then; indicating completion of action.

เล่า

lâo — Particle reinforcing or seeking confirmation softly.

ควร

khuuan — Should; ought to; advisable to do.

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; linking verb.

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by oneself; emphasizing self-action.

จริงๆ

jing-jing — Really; truly; emphasizing genuineness or sincerity.

กล่าว

klàao — To state; to say formally or officially.

ด้วย

dûai — Also; with; too; an additional element.

กระสับกระส่าย

krà-sàp-krà-sàai — Restless; anxious; unable to stay calm.

ราวกับ

raao-kàp — As if; as though; resembling a situation.

คน

khon — Person; human being; a classifier for people.

คิด

khít — To think; to consider or form an idea.

ออกเสียง

òok-sǐang — To pronounce; to articulate words or sounds.

เหรอ

rəə — Really?; is that so?; questioning particle.

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun or title.

นี่

nîi — This; here; indicating something nearby.

ช่าง

châang — How; what a…; exclamatory intensifier particle.

น่ารัก

nâa-rák — Cute; adorable; lovable in appearance or manner.

คัดค้าน

khát-khâan — To object; to oppose or protest against something.

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive marker.

คำแนะนำ

kham-nɛ́-nam — Advice; suggestion; a recommended course of action.

นาย

naai — Mr.; master; a title for adult men.

อุทาน

ù-thaan — To exclaim; to cry out expressively.

เกิด

kə̀ət — To be born; to occur; to come into existence.

ชาว

chaao — Native of; citizen or inhabitant of a place.

ฝรั่งเศส

fà-ràng-sèet — French; relating to France or its people.

ที่ปรึกษา

thîi-prʉ̂k-sǎa — Advisor; consultant; one who gives guidance.

ฉลาด

chà-làat — Clever; intelligent; having sharp mental ability.

เลย

ləəi — At all; right away; emphatic or resultative particle.

ที่รัก

thîi-rák — Dear; beloved; term of endearment for someone.

เพราะ

phráw — Because; since; giving a reason or cause.

นั่นแหละ

nân-lɛ̀ — That's exactly it; precisely that thing.

ความคิด

khwaam-khít — Thought; idea; an opinion or mental concept.

ไม่ได้

mâi-dâi — Cannot; did not; negates ability or past action.

ตั้งใจ

tâng-jai — To intend; to be determined or focused.

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to say something verbally.

ออกมา

òok-maa — To come out; to emerge from inside somewhere.

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; so; consequently as a result.

เข้ามา

khâo-maa — To come in; to enter toward the speaker.

ใจ

jai — Heart; mind; the seat of feelings and thoughts.

บ่อยครั้ง

bòi-khráng — Often; frequently; happening many times.

คนเรา

khon-rao — People; one; humans in general collectively.

อด

òt — To refrain from; to abstain or hold back.

ได้

dâi — Can; to be able to; indicating possibility.

เห็นอกเห็นใจ

hěn-òk-hěn-jai — To sympathize; to feel compassion for others.

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — Toward; per; against; continuing onward.

ทุกข์ยาก

thúk-yâak — Suffering; hardship; experiencing pain and difficulty.

เหล่านั้น

làao-nán — Those; referring to previously mentioned things.

สละ

sà-lá — To sacrifice; to give up or relinquish something.

บางสิ่ง

baang-sìng — Something; a certain unspecified thing.

พวกเขา

phûak-khǎo — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person singular pronoun.

ท่าที

thâa-thii — Attitude; manner; one's bearing or approach.

ใคร่ครวญ

khrâi-khruan — To ponder; to reflect carefully upon something.

เหมือน

mʉ̌an — Like; similar to; resembling something else.

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like the following.

เคย

khəəi — Used to; ever; indicating past habitual experience.

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introduces a reported clause.

ตนเอง

ton-eeng — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

อาจ

àat — May; might; expressing possibility or uncertainty.

รับฟัง

ráp-fang — To listen to; to heed someone's words.

อำนาจ

am-nâat — Power; authority; the ability to control others.

โน้มน้าว

nôom-náao — To persuade; to convince someone to change mind.

ยับยั้งชั่งใจ

yáp-yáng-châng-jai — To restrain oneself; to exercise self-control.

บ้าง

bâang — Some; somewhat; at least a little bit.