A Tale of Two Cities — Page 8

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals.

ก็

ko — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'so'.

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state or identity.

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just a small amount.

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process.

พูดคุย

phut khui — To chat or converse casually with someone.

อัน

an — Classifier for small or general objects; 'one'.

ว่างเปล่า

wang plao — Empty; vacant; containing nothing at all.

ที่

thi — At; place; relative pronoun marker in Thai.

ก้อง

kong — To resound; echo loudly through a space.

อยู่

yu — To be located; to stay; to live somewhere.

รอบ

rop — Around; surrounding; one full cycle or round.

หู

hu — Ear; the organ used for hearing sounds.

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle in Thai.

เขา

khao — He, she, or they; third-person pronoun.

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix forming abstract nouns from adjectives.

สับสน

sap son — Confused; mixed up; in a state of disorder.

โลหิต

lo hit — Blood; a formal or literary word for blood.

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time.

ศีรษะ

si sa — Head; the uppermost part of the human body.

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and letters.

เอง

eng — Oneself; by oneself; emphasizes self-reference.

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; a relative pronoun connector in Thai.

เพิ่มพูน

phoem phun — To increase; to accumulate; to grow greater.

ขึ้น

khuen — Up; to rise; directional particle indicating increase.

จาก

chak — From; away from; originating at a point.

จิตใจ

chit jai — Mind; heart; one's inner mental or emotional state.

ได้

dai — Can; able to; indicates ability or past action.

ทำให้

tham hai — To cause; to make something happen or become.

รู้สึก

ru suek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation.

มา

ma — To come; directional particle indicating movement toward.

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; indicates completed action or sequence.

ก่อน

kon — Before; prior to a time or event.

หน้า

na — Face; front; next; page of a document.

นี้

ni — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned.

ยังคง

yang khong — Still; continuing to remain in a certain state.

เช่นนั้น

chen nan — Like that; in that manner; such as that.

หมู่

mu — Group; cluster; among a collection of things.

ผู้

phu — Person who; one who; nominalizing agent prefix.

กำลัง

kamlang — Currently doing; strength; power; in the process.

กัน

kan — Together; each other; mutual action among people.

นั้น

nan — That; referring to something previously mentioned or distant.

มี

mi — To have; there is; to possess something.

แห่ง

haeng — Of; at; classifier for places or institutions.

ก้าวหน้า

kao na — To advance; to progress; to move forward successfully.

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle indicating movement away.

อย่าง

yang — In a manner of; a way or style of.

รวดเร็ว

ruat reo — Fast; quick; rapid in movement or action.

บน

bon — On; above; on top of a surface.

เส้นทาง

sen thang — Path; route; a road or way to travel.

เลื่อน

luean — To promote; to move up; to postpone something.

ตำแหน่ง

tamnaeng — Position; rank; job title or official status.

ราชการ

ratchakan — Government service; official governmental affairs or work.

ด้วย

duay — With; also; by means of; too.

เหตุนี้

het ni — For this reason; therefore; because of this cause.

จึง

chueng — Therefore; so; consequently following a prior condition.

พูด

phut — To speak; to say; to talk to someone.

ดัง

dang — Loud; loudly; making a strong sound.

กับ

kap — With; to; together with someone or something.

หัวข้อ

hua kho — Topic; subject; main point of a discussion.

โดย

doi — By; by means of; through an agent or method.

เสนอ

sanoe — To propose; to suggest; to offer an idea.

ต่อ

to — To; toward; continuing; against; per unit.

ถึง

thueng — To reach; until; as far as; about.

แผนการ

phaen kan — Plan; scheme; a strategy or arranged course of action.

กำจัด

kamchat — To eliminate; to get rid of something or someone.

ผู้คน

phu khon — People; persons; human beings in general.

ขจัด

khachat — To remove; to drive away; to eradicate completely.

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They; them; referring to a group of people.

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative verb marker.

แผ่นดิน

phaendin — Land; earth; territory; the ground of a country.

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action.

ทุกอย่าง

thuk yang — Everything; all things without exception.

ไม่ต้อง

mai tong — No need to; not necessary to do something.

พึ่งพา

phueng pha — To rely on; to depend on someone or something.

รวมถึง

ruam thueng — Including; as well as; encompassing additional items.

บรรลุ

banlu — To achieve; to accomplish; to reach a goal.

วัตถุประสงค์

watthuprasong — Objective; purpose; intended goal of an action.

คล้ายคลึง

khlai khlueng — Similar; resembling; having likeness to something else.

อีก

ik — More; another; again; additionally.

มากมาย

mak mai — Many; a great number or large amount of.

ลักษณะ

laksana — Characteristic; feature; quality or nature of something.

เดียวกัน

diao kan — The same; identical; one and the same thing.

นก

nok — Bird; a feathered flying animal.

อินทรี

inthri — Eagle; a large powerful bird of prey.

โรย

roi — To sprinkle; to scatter lightly over a surface.

เกลือ

kluea — Salt; a mineral used for seasoning food.

หาง

hang — Tail; the rear appendage of an animal.

ได้ยิน

dai yin — To hear; to perceive sound with one's ears.

คำพูด

kham phut — Words; speech; something said or spoken aloud.

ความรู้สึก

khwam ru suek — Feeling; emotion; a sensed inner emotional state.

คัดค้าน

khat khan — To object; to oppose; to disagree with something.

เป็นพิเศษ

pen phiset — Especially; particularly; in a special or notable way.

ยืน

yuen — To stand; to be in an upright position.

ลังเล

lang le — To hesitate; to waver; to be undecided about something.

ระหว่าง

rawang — Between; during; in the middle of two things.

จากไป

chak pai — To leave; to depart; to go away from somewhere.

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to; for the purpose of doing something.

ฟัง

fang — To listen; to pay attention to sounds or speech.

ต่อไป

to pai — To continue; onward; from this point forward.

อยู่ต่อ

yu to — To stay on; to remain in a place longer.

ความเห็น

khwam hen — Opinion; view; one's personal thought on something.

ตนเอง

ton eng — Oneself; by one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something occurred.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing; object; an item or matter of concern.

จะ

cha — Will; future tense marker; intending to do something.

เกิดขึ้น

koet khuen — To happen; to occur; to take place somewhere.

เริ่ม

roem — To begin; to start; to commence an action.

ธนาคาร

thanakhan — Bank; a financial institution handling money deposits.

เข้าไป

khao pai — To go into; to enter inside a place.

หา

ha — To look for; to seek; to find someone.

วาง

wang — To place; to put down; to set something.

จดหมาย

chotmai — Letter; a written message sent to someone.

เปื้อน

puean — Stained; dirty; soiled with a substance.

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also; continuing into the present.

ไม่ได้

mai dai — Did not; was not able to; negates past action.

เปิด

poet — To open; to turn on; to start something.

อ่าน

an — To read; to look at and comprehend written text.

ไว้

wai — To keep; to have set aside; retaining something.

ต่อหน้า

to na — In front of; in the presence of someone.

ถาม

tham — To ask; to pose a question to someone.

ว่า

wa — That; says; introduces a quoted or reported clause.

พบ

phop — To find; to meet; to encounter someone or something.

ร่องรอย

rong roi — Trace; mark; a clue or evidence left behind.

ใดๆ

dai dai — Any; whichever; used in negative or general statements.

บุคคล

bukkhon — Person; individual; a human being regarded distinctly.

ถูก

thuk — Correct; cheap; passive voice marker in Thai.

ส่ง

song — To send; to deliver; to dispatch something to someone.

หรือ

rue — Or; a conjunction presenting alternative choices.

ลง

long — Down; to descend; directional particle indicating downward.

ใกล้

klai — Near; close; not far from something or someone.

มาก

mak — Very; much; a lot; to a great degree.

จน

chon — Until; so much that; to the point where.

มองเห็น

mong hen — To see; to be able to perceive visually.

ที่อยู่

thi yu — Address; residence; the place where someone lives.

ซอง

song — Envelope; a paper cover used to mail letters.

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly; to a greater degree.

เร็ว

reo — Fast; quick; at a rapid speed.

ยิ่งขึ้น

ying khuen — Even more so; increasingly; to a higher degree.

เพราะ

phro — Because; since; giving a reason for something.

นั่น

nan — That; referring to something distant or just mentioned.

คือ

khue — Is; means; used to define or equate things.

ชื่อ

chue — Name; the word used to identify a person.

จริง

ching — True; real; genuine; actually the case.

แปล

plae — To translate; to interpret text into another language.

ภาษา

phasa — Language; a system of communication used by people.

อังกฤษ

angkrit — English; relating to England or the English language.

ใจความ

chaikhwam — Main point; gist; the essential meaning of text.

เร่งด่วน

reng duan — Urgent; requiring immediate attention or quick action.

แต่เดิม

tae doem — Originally; formerly; in the beginning or past.

ฝรั่งเศส

farangset — France; the Western European country and its culture.

ฝาก

fak — To entrust; to deposit; to leave something with someone.

ดูแล

du lae — To take care of; to look after someone.

บริษัท

borisa — Company; a business organization or firm.

กรุงลอนดอน

krung london — London; the capital city of England and the UK.

ประเทศ

prathet — Country; nation; a sovereign state or territory.