A Tale of Two Cities — Page 13

Vocabulary

และ

lae — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

ถึง

theung — To reach, arrive at, or until a point.

กระนั้น

kra-nan — Nevertheless, even so, despite that.

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix indicating abstract state or quality.

วิตก

wi-tok — To worry, feel anxious or troubled.

กังวล

kang-won — To be anxious, worried, or concerned.

ของ

khong — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to'.

เขา

khao — Third-person pronoun: he, she, they, or him.

ก็

ko — Particle meaning 'also', 'then', or 'well then'.

ไม่ได้

mai dai — Did not, was not able to; negation of past action.

มืด

meut — Dark, lacking light; darkness.

หม่น

mon — Gloomy, dull, dreary in appearance or mood.

เท่า

thao — As much as, equal to, equivalent in degree.

ที่

thi — Relative pronoun or place marker meaning 'that/which/where'.

จะ

ja — Future tense marker; will, going to do something.

ดู

du — To look at, watch, or observe something.

เป็น

pen — To be, to exist as; linking verb.

หาก

hak — If, in the event that; conditional conjunction.

มอง

mong — To look, gaze, or glance at something.

ย้อน

yon — To turn back, reverse, or look retrospectively.

กลับ

klap — To return, go back, or reverse direction.

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward the speaker.

ด้วย

duay — Also, too, with, or by means of.

แสง

saeng — Light, beam, or ray of illumination.

สว่าง

sa-wang — Bright, illuminated, well-lit.

แห่ง

haeng — Of, from; classifier for places or institutions.

ยุค

yuk — Era, age, period of history.

สมัย

sa-mai — Period, era, time in history or fashion.

หลัง

lang — After, behind, following in time or space.

นี้

ni — This, referring to something nearby or just mentioned.

อนาคต

a-na-khot — The future; time yet to come.

นั้น

nan — That, referring to something previously mentioned or distant.

แม้

mae — Even, although, despite; concessive conjunction.

เต็ม

tem — Full, filled completely, at maximum capacity.

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle away from speaker.

วุ่นวาย

wun-wai — Chaotic, turbulent, disorderly, full of commotion.

แต่

tae — But, however; contrastive conjunction.

ยัง

yang — Still, yet, also; continuative or additive particle.

คง

khong — Probably, likely; to remain or stay constant.

ไม่

mai — No, not; general negation particle.

รู้จัก

ru-jak — To know, be acquainted with a person or thing.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context.

มืดมน

meut-mon — Dark and gloomy, without hope or brightness.

มี

mi — To have, there is/are; indicates existence.

หวัง

wang — To hope, wish for something desired.

รู้

ru — To know, understand, or be aware of.

ทัน

than — In time, catching up, keeping pace with.

อยู่

yu — To be located, to stay, continuous aspect marker.

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes.

สังหารหมู่

sang-han-mu — Massacre, mass killing of many people.

อัน

an — General classifier; relative particle meaning 'which/that'.

น่า

na — Prefix meaning 'worth' or '-able', inspiring a feeling.

สยดสยอง

sa-yot-sa-yong — Horrifying, terrifying, causing extreme fear or disgust.

ยืดยาว

yeut-yao — Prolonged, drawn out, lengthy in duration.

ทั้ง

thang — Both, all, entire; inclusive of everything mentioned.

กลางวัน

klang-wan — Daytime, the middle of the day.

กลางคืน

klang-kheun — Nighttime, the middle of the night.

ซึ่ง

seung — Which, that; relative pronoun linking clauses.

อีก

ik — More, another, again, additionally.

ไม่กี่

mai-ki — Only a few, not many in number.

รอบ

rop — Round, revolution, cycle, or time around.

เข็ม

khem — Needle; hand of a clock or compass.

นาฬิกา

na-li-ka — Clock, watch; also used for hours of time.

ประทับ

pra-thap — To stamp, imprint, or reside (of royalty).

รอย

roi — Mark, trace, stain, or scar left behind.

เลือด

leuat — Blood; the red fluid in living bodies.

ยิ่งใหญ่

ying-yai — Grand, magnificent, great in scale or importance.

ไว้

wai — To keep, store, or place for future reference.

บน

bon — On top of, above, on a surface.

ช่วง

chuang — Period, interval, span of time or space.

เวลา

we-la — Time, a period or moment in time.

ศักดิ์สิทธิ์

sak-sit — Sacred, holy, possessing divine or spiritual power.

เก็บเกี่ยว

kep-kiao — To harvest, reap crops or gather results.

ห่างไกล

hang-klai — Far away, distant, remote from a location.

จาก

jak — From, away from, departing a place or person.

ความรู้

khwaam-ru — Knowledge, understanding, or learning acquired.

ราวกับ

rao-kap — As if, as though, resembling a situation.

ว่า

wa — That; quotative particle introducing reported speech.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for objects or animals.

ห่าง

hang — Far, distant, separated by space or time.

ออกไป

ok-pai — To go out, move away or outward from.

แสน

saen — One hundred thousand; extremely, very (intensifier).

ปี

pi — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months.

หญิงสาว

ying-sao — Young woman, girl of marriageable or youthful age.

คมกริบ

khom-krip — Extremely sharp, razor-sharp in edge or wit.

เพิ่ง

phoeng — Just, recently, having just done something.

ถือ

theu — To hold, carry, or consider something as.

กำเนิด

kam-noet — Birth, origin, the beginning of existence.

ถูก

thuk — Passive marker; to be subjected to an action.

เรียก

riak — To call, name, or summon someone.

แทบ

thaep — Almost, nearly, barely; used before negatives.

หรือ

reu — Or; conjunction presenting an alternative choice.

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier for human beings.

ทั่วไป

thua-pai — In general, ordinary, common, widespread.

แม้แต่

mae-tae — Even, not even; emphasizing an extreme case.

นาม

nam — Name, noun; title or designation of something.

กระทำ

kra-tham — To do, perform, commit an act or deed.

สยองขวัญ

sa-yong-khwan — Horror, terror, causing extreme fright or dread.

เกิดขึ้น

koet-khuen — To happen, occur, take place, arise.

ไม่ช้า

mai-cha — Soon, before long, in a short time.

น่าจะ

na-ja — Should, ought to, probably will happen.

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or ponder something.

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise, go up; directional particle upward.

หัว

hua — Head; top or leading part of something.

สมอง

sa-mong — Brain; the organ of thought and intelligence.

ผู้

phu — Person who; nominalizing prefix for people.

พวก

phuak — Group, bunch, gang; classifier for people collectively.

ยืน

yeun — To stand, be standing upright.

จินตนาการ

jin-ta-na-kan — Imagination, fantasy, creative mental imagery.

เลือนราง

luean-rang — Faint, vague, barely visible or remembered.

จิตใจ

jit-jai — Mind, heart, inner emotional and mental state.

อ่อนโยน

on-yon — Gentle, tender, soft in manner or touch.

ได้

dai — Can, able to; past tense or achievement marker.

อย่างไร

yang-rai — How, in what way, by what means.

เกี่ยว

kiao — Related to, connected with, involving something.

กับ

kap — With, together with, in relation to.

ปฏิบัติ

pa-ti-bat — To practice, carry out, treat, or act upon.

อยุติธรรม

a-yu-ti-tham — Unjust, unfair, lacking justice or fairness.

ระหว่าง

ra-wang — Between, during, in the midst of.

คุมขัง

khum-khang — To imprison, detain, confine someone in custody.

ยากลำบาก

yak-lam-bak — Difficult, hardship, full of struggle and trouble.

พลัดพราก

phlat-phrak — To be separated from loved ones; parted forcibly.

อย่าง

yang — In the manner of, kind, type, way of.

โหดร้าย

hot-rai — Cruel, brutal, savage, merciless in behavior.

ภรรยา

phan-ra-ya — Wife, a married woman in relation to husband.

บุตร

but — Child, son or daughter; formal term for offspring.

คาดการณ์

khat-kan — To forecast, predict, estimate future events.

เป็นไปได้

pen-pai-dai — Possible, feasible, able to happen or occur.

แน่นอน

nae-non — Certain, definite, of course, surely.

ล่วงหน้า

luang-na — In advance, ahead of time, beforehand.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then, done; past completion marker.

นอกเหนือ

nok-nuea — Beyond, above, in addition to, exceeding.

หวาดกลัว

wat-klua — To dread, be afraid of, feel deep fear.

สิ่งใด

sing-dai — Anything, whatever, any thing at all.

ชัดเจน

chat-jen — Clear, distinct, explicit, easy to understand.

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, matter, or entity.

เหล่านี้

lao-ni — These, referring to a group of nearby things.

ใจ

jai — Heart, mind, feelings, inner emotional center.

มาก

mak — Very, much, many, a lot, to a great degree.

เพียงพอ

phiang-pho — Enough, sufficient, adequate for the purpose.

พา

pha — To lead, bring, take someone somewhere.

เข้า

khao — To enter, go into; directional particle inward.

สู่

su — To, toward, leading into a destination.

ลาน

lan — Courtyard, open yard, plaza, or open area.

คุก

khuk — Prison, jail, place of confinement.

หดหู่

hot-hu — Depressing, disheartening, causing sadness or despair.

เรือนจำ

ruean-jam — Prison, penitentiary, place where inmates are held.

ลา

la — To bid farewell, take leave, say goodbye.

ชาย

chai — Man, male person; also means edge or shore.

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1, a single unit.

ใบหน้า

bai-na — Face, the front of a person's head.

บวม

buam — Swollen, puffed up due to injury or illness.

โต

to — Big, large, grown up, adult in size.

เปิด

poet — To open, turn on, unlock something.

ประตู

pra-tu — Door, gate, entrance or exit point.

เหล็ก

lek — Iron, steel; a strong metallic material.

แข็งแกร่ง

khaeng-kraeng — Strong, sturdy, robust, powerful in body or character.

แนะนำ

nae-nam — To introduce, recommend, or suggest something to someone.

อพยพ

op-pha-yop — To migrate, evacuate, flee to another place.

ต่อ

to — Against, per, toward, or to continue something.

ปีศาจ

pi-sat — Demon, devil, evil spirit or monster.

เอ๋ย

oei — Exclamation calling out to someone; oh, hey.

กี่

ki — How many, how much; asking about quantity.

กัน

kan — Together, each other; reciprocal or collective marker.

อุทาน

u-than — To exclaim; an exclamation or interjection.

รับ

rap — To receive, accept, take something offered.

ใบเสร็จ

bai-set — Receipt, proof of payment or transaction.

ตน

ton — Oneself, self; reflexive or formal first-person pronoun.

โดย

doi — By, by means of, through an agent or method.

สนใจ

son-jai — To be interested in, pay attention to.

คำ

kham — Word, syllable; classifier for words or speech.

ถอย

thoi — To retreat, step back, move backward.

พร้อม

phrom — Ready, prepared, simultaneously, all together.

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend, companion, someone you are close to.

ร่วม

ruam — Together, jointly, to participate or share in.

ชาติ

chat — Nation, country, or birth; national identity.

สอง

song — Two; the number 2.

ข้าพเจ้า

kha-pha-jao — I, me; very formal first-person pronoun.

พูด

phut — To speak, talk, say something aloud.

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, occasion, instance; classifier for occurrences.