A Tale of Two Cities — Page 5

Vocabulary

ฉัน

chan — First person pronoun; I, me (informal)

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or reflect on something

ว่า

waa — That; introduces a clause or reported speech

คุณ

khun — You; polite second person pronoun

อาจ

aat — Might, may; expresses possibility or uncertainty

ใช้

chai — To use, utilize, or employ something

เสรีภาพ

see-ree-phap — Freedom, liberty; the right to act freely

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun indicating something distant

ได้

dai — Can, able to; also indicates past tense or achievement

หมอ

mor — Doctor, physician; a medical professional

ตอบ

top — To answer, reply, or respond to someone

พร้อม

phrom — Ready, prepared; all together at once

ยิ้ม

yim — To smile; a facial expression of happiness

เพื่อ

phuea — For, in order to; indicates purpose or goal

พระเจ้า

phra jao — God; a divine supreme being

อย่า

yaa — Don't; negative imperative telling someone not to act

พูดถึง

phut thueng — To mention, talk about, or refer to something

เลย

loei — At all, ever; emphasizes negation or a result

เรา

rao — We, us; first person plural pronoun

มี

mee — To have, possess; there is or there are

มัน

man — It; third person pronoun for things or animals

มาก

mak — Much, many, a lot; high degree or quantity

พอ

pho — Enough, sufficient; just, as soon as

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then; indicates completed action or sequence

กล่าว

klao — To say, state, or declare formally

เงียบ

ngiap — Quiet, silent; making little or no noise

นะ

na — Particle softening requests or seeking confirmation

ที่รัก

thi rak — Dear, beloved; term of endearment for someone loved

อีก

ik — More, again, another; indicates addition or repetition

หรือ

rue — Or; connects alternatives or forms yes/no questions

ทักท้วง

thak thuang — To object, protest, or raise a concern

ก็

ko — Also, then; connective particle linking clauses

พยักหน้า

phayak na — To nod one's head in agreement or acknowledgment

อย่าง

yang — Way, manner, kind; like or in the manner of

หนักแน่น

nak naen — Firm, resolute, steadfast; strong and unwavering

สรุป

sa-rup — To summarize, conclude; give a brief summary

สั้นๆ

san san — Briefly, shortly; in a short or concise manner

คือ

khue — Is, means; used to define or identify something

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state, condition, or identity

ราษฎร

rat-sa-don — Citizens, subjects; the common people of a nation

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

พระองค์

phra ong — Royal pronoun referring to a king or royal person

ผู้

phu — Person who; prefix indicating a doer or role

ทรง

song — Royal verb prefix; to have or maintain (royal usage)

พระคุณ

phra khun — Royal grace, virtue; kindness from a revered person

สูงสุด

sung sut — Highest, supreme, utmost; the greatest level possible

ที่

thi — At, which, that; relative pronoun or place marker

สาม

sam — Three; the number 3

ถวาย

tha-wai — To offer or present something to royalty or clergy

ความเคารพ

khwam khao-rop — Respect, reverence; high regard shown toward someone

เมื่อ

muea — When, at the time; indicates a point in time

กล่าวถึง

klao thueng — To mention, refer to, or speak about someone

พระนาม

phra nam — Royal name; the name of a royal or sacred person

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; a preposition of location

ฐานะ

tha-na — Status, position, role; one's standing in society

คติ

kha-ti — Motto, maxim, guiding principle; a belief or doctrine

จง

jong — Shall, must; imperative particle expressing a command

สับสน

sap son — Confused, muddled; in a state of disorder or bewilderment

วุ่นวาย

wun wai — Chaotic, turbulent; disorderly and full of commotion

กับ

kap — With, and; together with or accompanied by

การเมือง

kan mueang — Politics; the activities related to governing a country

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They, them; third person plural pronoun

ขัดขวาง

khat khwang — To obstruct, hinder, or block someone's actions

กลอุบาย

kon u-bai — Trick, scheme, ruse; a cunning deceptive stratagem

ชั่วร้าย

chua rai — Evil, wicked, malicious; morally very bad

ให้

hai — To give; causative particle making someone do something

ความหวัง

khwam wang — Hope; a feeling of expectation for a positive outcome

ฝาก

fak — To entrust, deposit, or leave something with someone

ไว้

wai — To keep, place, or set aside for future use

ขอ

kho — To ask for, request; to beg or appeal for something

คุ้มครอง

khum khrong — To protect, guard, or shield from harm

พระราชา

phra racha — King; a royal male monarch of a kingdom

ด้วย

duai — Also, too, with; indicates inclusion or addition

ความ

khwam — Prefix forming abstract nouns from adjectives or verbs

จงรักภักดี

jong rak phak dee — Loyalty, allegiance; devoted faithfulness to someone

พลุ่ง

phlung — To surge, gush, or well up suddenly

ขึ้น

khuen — Up, to rise; indicates upward movement or increase

มา

ma — To come; movement toward the speaker

พึมพำ

phuem pham — To mumble, mutter; speak quietly and indistinctly

ทวน

thuan — To repeat, recite, or go over something again

คำพูด

kham phut — Words, speech; something said or spoken aloud

ตาม

tam — According to, following; to follow or pursue

ประดุจ

pra-dut — Like, as if; similar to (formal literary usage)

ดัง

dang — Like, as; loud; resembling or as if (conjunction)

คน

khon — Person, people; a human individual

อยู่

yu — To be, to stay, to live; indicates ongoing state

โบสถ์

bot — Church or temple; a religious place of worship

ดีใจ

dee jai — Glad, happy, pleased; feeling joy about something

อังกฤษ

ang-krit — English or England; relating to Britain or its language

แม้

mae — Even though, although; concessive conjunction

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker or intention

หวัง

wang — To hope, wish, or desire a particular outcome

ไม่

mai — Not, no; primary negation particle in Thai

ติด

tit — To catch, stick, or be attached; to contract an illness

หวัด

wat — Common cold; a respiratory illness with runny nose

จน

jon — Until, to the point of; poor or destitute

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, noise; audio perceived by the ear

แหบ

haep — Hoarse, husky; a rough raspy quality of voice

ไป

pai — To go; movement away from speaker

พอใจ

pho jai — Satisfied, content; pleased with a result or situation

แต่

tae — But, however; introduces a contrasting statement

คำถาม

kham tham — Question, query; a sentence seeking an answer

ท่าน

than — You (formal/respectful); honorific second person pronoun

นิสัย

ni-sai — Habit, character, nature; one's usual behavior

สาว

sao — Young woman, girl; a female of young age

ใจดี

jai dee — Kind-hearted, good-natured; having a benevolent character

ผู้นี้

phu ni — This person; refers to the individual being discussed

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action

เรื่อง

rueang — Story, matter, issue; a topic or subject of discussion

ใดๆ

dai dai — Any, whatsoever; refers to any item without restriction

ทำให้

tham hai — To cause, make someone feel or do something

ทุกคน

thuk khon — Everyone, everybody; all people without exception

วิตกกังวล

wi-tok kang-won — Anxious, worried; feeling distress about uncertain outcomes

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more, increasingly; to a greater degree

เล็กน้อย

lek noi — A little, slightly; a small amount or degree

หยิบ

yip — To pick up, grab; take something with fingers

ยก

yok — To lift, raise; to bring up a topic or object

ลักษณะ

lak-sa-na — Characteristic, feature, trait; a distinguishing quality

บังเอิญ

bang oein — By chance, accidentally, coincidentally; unplanned occurrence

เช่นนี้

chen ni — Like this, such as this; in this particular manner

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicates an ongoing or continuing state

ใด

dai — Which, what; interrogative pronoun asking about identity

บ้าง

bang — Some, any; softens questions or indicates a portion

ไหม

mai — Question particle; turns a statement into a yes/no question

ออก

ok — Out, to exit; movement outward or away

จาก

jak — From, away from; indicates origin or separation

ที่นี่

thi ni — Here, this place; refers to the current location

เกรง

kreng — To fear, be apprehensive; worried something bad will happen

คง

khong — Probably, likely; expresses reasonable assumption

อันตราย

an-ta-rai — Danger, hazard, risk; a threatening or harmful situation

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For, intended for; indicates the recipient or purpose

เฮ้อ

hoei — Sigh; exclamation expressing exhaustion or resignation

ร่าเริง

ra-roeng — Cheerful, lively, merry; in a bright happy mood

ขณะ

kha-na — While, during, at the moment; a point or period in time

เธอ

thoe — She, her, you (informal female); second or third person pronoun

มอง

mong — To look at, gaze; directing eyes toward something

เส้นผม

sen phom — Strand of hair; individual thread of head hair

สีทอง

si thong — Golden color; a yellow metallic hue like gold

แสงไฟ

saeng fai — Firelight, lamplight; light produced by fire or lamp

เช่นนั้น

chen nan — Like that, such as that; in that particular manner

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; expresses obligation or necessity

อดทน

ot thon — To endure, be patient; tolerate hardship with perseverance

รอ

ro — To wait; to stay until something expected happens

นั่น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun pointing to something nearby

แหละ

lae — Exactly, that's it; emphatic particle stressing a point

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All, everything, the whole; total amount without exception

เงย

ngoei — To raise one's face or head upward

หน้า

na — Face, front, page; the forward-facing side

สู้

su — To fight, resist, endure; to stand firm against adversity

ระมัดระวัง

ra-mat ra-wang — Careful, cautious; acting with attention to avoid mistakes

พี่ชาย

phi chai — Older brother; an elder male sibling

มัก

mak — Often, usually, tend to; indicates habitual action

พูด

phut — To speak, talk; to express something verbally