A Tale of Two Cities — Page 4

Vocabulary

ถ้า

thâa — If; used to introduce a conditional clause

หาก

hàak — If; formal conditional conjunction similar to ถ้า

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state or identity

เช่น

chên — For example; such as

นั้น

nán — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa-phá-jâo — I; formal first-person pronoun used in official contexts

ยัง

yang — Still; yet; also used to indicate ongoing action

มิ

mí — Not; formal/literary negative particle

ได้

dâai — Can; to get; auxiliary indicating ability or past action

ยืนยัน

yeun-yan — To confirm; to affirm something with certainty

ว่า

wâa — That; quotative particle introducing reported speech

เพราะ

phró — Because; gives reason or cause for something

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker or intention marker

ไม่

mâi — Not; general negation particle

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to say something

เลี่ยง

lîang — To avoid; to evade; to dodge something

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizer prefix creating abstract nouns from adjectives

จริง

jing — True; real; genuine; actually

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with someone or something

ท่าน

thân — You; formal respectful second or third-person pronoun

ก็

gôr — Also; then; discourse particle showing logical continuation

ขอ

khǒr — To request; to ask for something politely

ให้

hâi — To give; causative marker; for the benefit of

เด็ก

dèk — Child; kid; young person

คน

khon — Person; human being; classifier for people

อยู่

yùu — To stay; to live; to be located somewhere

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ฐานะ

thǎa-ná — Status; position; role in society or relationship

แทน

thaen — Instead of; to replace; to substitute for something

พ่อ

phôr — Father; dad; male parent

ของ

khǒng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

และ

lé — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ดูแล

duu-lae — To take care of; to look after someone

แม่

mâe — Mother; mom; female parent

ด้วย

dûay — Also; too; with; as well

อย่า

yàa — Don't; imperative negative prohibiting an action

เปิดโปง

pèrt-pong — To expose; to reveal a secret or wrongdoing

ทำ

tham — To do; to make; to perform an action

เลย

loei — At all; so; ever; particle for emphasis or result

กลับ

glàp — To return; to go back; reversal of action

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away from speaker

การ

gaan — Nominalizer prefix for actions or processes; the act of

ขุด

khùt — To dig; to excavate the ground

ตาม

taam — According to; to follow; along; in accordance with

ปกติ

pa-gà-tì — Normal; usual; ordinary; regular

ชดเชย

chót-choei — To compensate; to make up for a loss

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; something; an item

ที่

thîi — That; which; place; relative pronoun or place marker

ขึ้น

khûen — Up; to rise; directional particle indicating upward movement

มา

maa — To come; directional particle indicating toward speaker

ฝัง

fǎng — To bury; to inter something underground

คืน

kheun — To return something; night; to give back

ตั้งใจ

tâng-jai — To intend; to be determined; to focus one's mind

เชื่อมั่น

chûea-mân — To be confident; to trust firmly in something

รักษา

rák-sǎa — To maintain; to protect; to treat medically

ปลอดภัย

plòrt-phai — Safe; free from danger or harm

อนาคต

a-naa-khót — Future; time yet to come

นั่น

nân — That; demonstrative pronoun pointing to something specific

แหละ

lè — Exactly; that's it; emphatic particle for confirmation

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun; also title of respect

กล่าว

glàao — To say; to state; formal word for speaking

พลาง

phlaang — While; simultaneously doing another action

เช็ด

chét — To wipe; to clean a surface by wiping

หน้าผาก

nâa-phàak — Forehead; the front part of the head

แขน

khǎen — Arm; the upper limb of the body

ตน

ton — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the subject

เสมือน

sà-mǔean — As if; like; resembling; similar to something

ประกาศ

prà-gàat — To announce; to declare publicly; an announcement

ถึง

thǔeng — To reach; until; about; at; concerning

บท

bòt — Chapter; lesson; role; section of text

สรุป

sà-rùp — To summarize; to conclude; a summary

คำพูด

kham-phûut — Words; speech; something said; verbal expression

แล้ว

láew — Already; then; after; past completion marker

คือ

khue — Is; namely; that is; definitional equating verb

เสนอ

sà-nǒer — To propose; to suggest; to offer something

เคารพ

khao-róp — To respect; to show reverence toward someone

ต่อ

tòr — Toward; to; per; to continue; against

ชาย

chaai — Man; male; the male gender

หนึ่ง

nùeng — One; the number one; a single unit

อาจ

àat — Might; may; possibly; expressing possibility

มองเห็น

mong-hěn — To see; to be able to see visually

เหล่า

lào — These; those; plural marker for groups of people

นี้

níi — This; demonstrative pronoun for something nearby

ทั้งหมด

tháng-mòt — All; everything; the entire amount or group

เกิดขึ้น

gèrt-khûen — To occur; to happen; to take place

อย่าง

yàang — Way; manner; kind; like; adverbial marker

น่า

nâa — Worth; deserving of; prefix for -able or -worthy feelings

สะพรึง

sà-phrueng — Terrifying; horrifying; causing great fear

รอบ

rôrp — Round; around; surrounding; a circuit or cycle

ตัว

tua — Body; self; classifier for animals and some objects

เรื่อง

rûeang — Story; matter; topic; about a subject

ซากศพ

sâak-sòp — Corpse; dead body; remains of a deceased person

ไร้

ráai — Without; lacking; devoid of something

หัว

hǔa — Head; top; leader; the uppermost part

โอ้โห

ôh-hǒh — Wow; expression of surprise or amazement

มากมาย

mâak-maai — Many; a great deal; lots of something

พอ

phor — Enough; sufficient; just when; as soon as

ราคา

raa-khaa — Price; cost; the value of something

ตก

tòk — To fall; to drop; to decline in value

ลง

long — Down; to descend; directional particle indicating downward

เหลือ

lǔea — To remain; leftover; to have something left

แค่

khâe — Only; just; merely; nothing more than

ค่า

khâa — Value; fee; worth; cost of something

แบก

bàek — To carry on one's back or shoulders

หาม

hǎam — To carry something between two or more people

หรือ

rǔe — Or; question particle at end of yes-no questions

แทบ

thâep — Almost; nearly; hardly; barely

โดย

doi — By; through; by means of; by way of

มี

mii — To have; there is/are; to possess something

ความคิด

khwaam-khít — Thought; idea; opinion; thinking about something

จริงจัง

jing-jang — Serious; sincere; earnest; not joking

ต่างๆ

tàang-tàang — Various; different kinds; diverse types of things

วิงวอน

wing-worn — To implore; to beg earnestly; to plead with someone

โปรด

pròot — Please; kindly; to favor; formal polite request

จำ

jam — To remember; to memorize; to recall something

ไว้

wái — To keep; to store; to retain for later use

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that; ago; since

กี้

gîi — Just now; a moment ago; very recently

ออก

òrk — Out; to exit; to go out; outward direction

เพื่อ

phûea — In order to; for the purpose of; so that

เหตุ

hèt — Reason; cause; factor leading to an outcome

อัน

an — A; one; classifier for small or general objects

ดีงาม

dii-ngaam — Virtuous; morally good and beautiful in character

ทั้ง

tháng — Both; all; entire; including everything together

เก็บ

gèp — To collect; to keep; to store; to pick up

น้อย

nói — Few; little; small in amount or quantity

อีก

ìik — More; again; another; additionally

ตอน

torn — Episode; period; section of time; part of something

คง

khong — Probably; likely; still; presumably

มิตร

mít — Friend; ally; companion; friendly person

สมควร

sǒm-khuan — Appropriate; deserving; proper; fitting the situation

รับ

ráp — To receive; to accept; to take something offered

สำนึก

sǎm-nùek — To be conscious of; to realize; to feel remorse

ผิด

phìt — Wrong; mistaken; incorrect; to make an error

กระทำ

grà-tham — To commit; to perform an act; formal word for doing

ใช่

châi — Yes; that's right; affirmative confirmation

ต้องการ

tông-gaan — To want; to need; to require something