A Tale of Two Cities — Page 6

Vocabulary

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

เป็น

pen — To be; indicates state or identity

ความหวัง

khwam wang — Hope; a feeling of expectation for something desired

ที่

thi — At, which, that; relative pronoun or location marker

แทบ

thaep — Almost, nearly; very close to a certain state

จะ

cha — Will; future tense marker in Thai

สิ้นหวัง

sin wang — Hopeless; having lost all hope completely

อยู่

yu — To be at, to stay; indicates ongoing state or location

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then; indicates completion or sequence

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; preposition indicating location

ทาง

thang — Way, path, direction; route or manner

ดี

di — Good; positive quality or favorable outcome

ที่สุด

thi sut — Most, best; superlative marker in Thai

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ก็

ko — Also, then; discourse particle showing continuation

ไม่

mai — No, not; negation word in Thai

ได้

dai — Can, able to; indicates ability or past tense

มาก

mak — Much, many, a lot; indicates high quantity

ไป

pai — To go; movement away from speaker

กว่า

kwa — More than, than; comparative marker

นี้

ni — This; demonstrative pronoun indicating nearby thing

เท่า

thao — As much as, equal to; indicating equivalence

ใด

dai — Any, which; interrogative or indefinite pronoun

นัก

nak — Very, much; intensifier often in negative or formal contexts

จาก

chak — From; preposition indicating origin or departure

การ

kan — Nominalizer; turns verbs into abstract nouns

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; indicates obligation or necessity

รอ

ro — To wait; to remain until something happens

จน

chon — Until; up to a point in time or condition

ถึง

thueng — Until, to, reach; indicates arrival or extent

ค่ำ

kham — Evening, nightfall; time after sunset

ข้าพเจ้า

kha phao chao — I, me; formal first-person pronoun in Thai

อยาก

yak — To want, to desire; expressing personal wish

ทราบ

sap — To know; formal word for knowing information

ว่า

wa — That; complementizer introducing a subordinate clause

ท่าน

than — You; polite or formal second-person pronoun

คืบหน้า

khuep na — To make progress; to advance toward a goal

อย่างไร

yang rai — How, in what way; asking about manner or method

บ้าง

bang — Some, any; softens questions or indicates some degree

แต่

tae — But; conjunction indicating contrast

จง

chong — Shall, let; imperative or hortative marker

จำ

cham — To remember, to memorize; retaining information mentally

ไว้

wai — Keep, retain; indicates preservation of a state

คาดหวัง

khat wang — To expect, to anticipate; hoping for a specific outcome

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object; general noun for any entity

ทั้งสิ้น

thang sin — All, entirely, in total; indicating completeness

คิด

khit — To think, to consider; mental process of reasoning

พบ

phop — To meet, to find; encountering someone or something

กับ

kap — With, and; preposition linking two things together

อำนาจ

am nat — Power, authority; the ability to control or command

อัน

an — Which, that; relative particle or classifier

น่าเกรงขาม

na kreng kham — Awe-inspiring, formidable; commanding respect and fear

เหล่า

lao — Those, these; plural marker for groups of people

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative referring to something distant

เมื่อ

muea — When, once; conjunction indicating a past time

คุณหมอ

khun mo — Doctor; polite title for a medical professional

หลัง

lang — After, behind, back; position or time reference

ลง

long — Down, to descend; movement downward or reduction

ทันที

than thi — Immediately, at once; without any delay

หวัง

wang — To hope; to wish for something to happen

เช่น

chen — Such as, for example; introducing an illustration

ภายใน

phai nai — Within, inside; indicating a boundary or time limit

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1

หรือ

rue — Or; conjunction presenting alternatives

สอง

song — Two; the number 2

ชั่วโมง

chua mong — Hour; a unit of time equal to 60 minutes

สี่

si — Four; the number 4

โมง

mong — O'clock; Thai unit for telling daytime hours

นาน

nan — Long, for a long time; extended duration

มืด

muet — Dark, darkness; absence of light

ขอ

kho — To request, to ask for; politely seeking something

ให้

hai — To give, to let, for; causative or beneficiary marker

เรา

rao — We, us, I; first-person pronoun, singular or plural

ขยาย

khayai — To extend, to expand; making something larger or longer

เวลา

we la — Time; a period or point in time

สัก

sak — Just, about; softener indicating approximation or a little

เถิด

thoet — Please do; particle urging or encouraging an action

หาก

hak — If; conditional conjunction introducing a hypothesis

บ้าน

ban — House, home; a place where one lives

ของ

khong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun or title

สาม

sam — Three; the number 3

ทุ่ม

thum — O'clock in the evening; Thai evening hour unit

กระทำ

kra tham — To perform, to do; carrying out an action formally

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend; a person one knows and likes

ตัว

tua — Body, self, classifier; used for animals and oneself

เอง

eng — Oneself; reflexive particle emphasizing the subject

ไหม

mai — Question particle; used for yes/no questions

ประสบ

pra sop — To encounter, to experience; meeting a situation

ความสำเร็จ

khwam sam ret — Success; the achievement of a desired goal

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot

ตาม

tam — To follow, according to; going after someone

ยัง

yang — Still, yet; indicates an ongoing or incomplete state

ประตู

pra tu — Door, gate; an entrance or exit point

ด้าน

dan — Side, aspect; a face or direction of something

นอก

nok — Outside, exterior; beyond a boundary or enclosure

แตะ

tae — To touch lightly; making gentle contact with something

บ่า

ba — Shoulder; the upper part of the arm and body

เขา

khao — He, she, they, him; third-person pronoun

ขณะ

kha na — While, moment; at the same time as something

กำลัง

kam lang — Currently, in the process of; progressive aspect marker

ทำ

tham — To do, to make; performing an action

หัน

han — To turn; rotating or facing a different direction

กลับ

klap — To return, back; going back to a previous state

มา

ma — To come; movement toward the speaker

มี

mi — To have, there is; indicating possession or existence

เลย

loei — At all, so, just; emphasizer or result marker

กล่าว

klao — To say, to speak; formal word for stating something

ด้วย

duai — With, also, by; indicating accompaniment or addition

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice; noise produced by a person or thing

กระซิบ

kra sip — To whisper; speaking very quietly into someone's ear

เบา

bao — Light, soft, quiet; low in weight, volume, or force

เต็ม

tem — Full, complete; filled to capacity

ความ

khwam — Nominalizer prefix; turns adjectives into abstract nouns

เศร้าโศก

sao sok — Grief, sorrow; deep sadness from loss or misfortune

กัน

kan — Together, each other; indicates mutual or reciprocal action

ชาย

chai — Man, male; an adult male person

คน

khon — Person, people; classifier and noun for humans

ทุก

thuk — Every, all; referring to each member of a group

ใจ

chai — Heart, mind; center of emotion and intention

ยก

yok — To lift, to raise; moving something upward

โทษ

thot — Fault, penalty, blame; responsibility for wrongdoing

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which, that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ข้อ

kho — Item, point, clause; a numbered or listed element

สันนิษฐาน

san ni than — Assumption, presumption; a conclusion without full proof

ยิ่งใหญ่

ying yai — Grand, great, magnificent; impressively large or important

เพราะ

phro — Because; conjunction giving reason or cause

ชีวิต

chi wit — Life; the state of being alive

ความหมาย

khwam mai — Meaning, significance; what something represents or conveys

อะไร

a rai — What; interrogative pronoun asking about a thing

สำหรับ

sam rap — For; preposition indicating purpose or recipient

พวก

phuak — Group, they; referring to a group of people

สงสัย

song sai — To doubt, to wonder; feeling uncertain about something

กล้า

kla — Brave, daring; having courage to act

แสดงออก

sa daeng ok — To express; showing feelings or ideas outwardly

ศาล

san — Court; a place where legal judgments are made

ได้ยิน

dai yin — To hear; perceiving sound through the ears

ขวาน

khwan — Axe; a tool used for chopping wood

ตก

tok — To fall, to drop; moving downward under gravity

พิง

phing — To lean against; resting body weight on something

แขน

khaen — Arm; the upper limb of the human body

เสา

sao — Pillar, post, pole; a vertical structural support

ก้ม

kom — To bow, to bend down; lowering the head or body

หน้า

na — Face, front, next; facial features or forward direction

บน

bon — On, above, upper; positioned at a higher surface

ตน

ton — Oneself; formal reflexive pronoun referring to oneself

อย่า

ya — Don't; negative imperative marker in Thai

หมดหวัง

mot wang — To lose all hope; becoming completely without expectation

อย่าง

yang — Way, manner, type; indicating how something is done

อ่อนโยน

on yon — Gentle, tender; soft and kind in manner or touch

โศกเศร้า

sok sao — Sorrowful, mournful; deeply sad and grief-stricken

สนับสนุน

sa nap sa nun — To support; providing encouragement or assistance

ดำเนิน

dam noen — To proceed, to carry on; continuing an activity

ความคิด

khwam khit — Thought, idea; a mental conception or notion

รู้สึก

ru suek — To feel; experiencing an emotion or sensation

อาจ

at — Might, may; expressing possibility or uncertainty

ปลอบโยน

plop yon — To comfort, to console; soothing someone who is sad

นาง

nang — Woman, Mrs.; title or noun for an adult woman

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period of time