A Tale of Two Cities — Page 10

Vocabulary

ข้าพเจ้า

khâa-phá-jâo — Formal first-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'

ขอบคุณ

khòp-khun — Expression of gratitude meaning 'thank you'

ที่

thîi — Preposition or relative particle meaning 'at, which, that'

เวลา

wee-laa — Noun meaning 'time' or a period of time

นั้น

nán — Demonstrative meaning 'that' referring to something distant

ได้

dâai — Auxiliary verb indicating ability or past completion

มา

maa — Verb meaning 'to come' toward the speaker

ถึง

thǔeng — Verb or preposition meaning 'to reach' or 'until'

แล้ว

láaeo — Particle indicating completion or 'already done'

เมื่อ

mûea — Conjunction meaning 'when' referring to past time

สามารถ

sǎa-mâat — Auxiliary verb meaning 'to be able to'

พิสูจน์

phí-sùut — Verb meaning 'to prove' or demonstrate truth

สิ่งเหล่านั้น

sìng-lào-nán — Noun phrase meaning 'those things' previously mentioned

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix turning verbs into abstract nouns

กระทำ

grà-tham — Formal verb meaning 'to act' or perform an action

เช่นนี้

chên-níi — Phrase meaning 'like this' or 'in this manner'

มิใช่

mí-châi — Formal negation meaning 'is not' or 'it is not'

เหตุ

hèet — Noun meaning 'cause' or reason behind something

แห่ง

hàeng — Formal preposition meaning 'of' indicating possession or origin

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix creating abstract nouns from adjectives

เสียใจ

sǐia-jai — Adjective meaning 'sorry' or feeling regret and sadness

หรือ

rǔue — Conjunction meaning 'or' used to present alternatives

โศกเศร้า

sòok-sâo — Adjective meaning deeply sorrowful or full of grief

แต่อย่างใด

tàe-yàang-dai — Phrase meaning 'in any way' used in negation

ขณะ

khà-nà — Noun meaning 'moment' or 'while' at a time

เขา

khǎo — Third-person pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'they'

กล่าว

glàao — Formal verb meaning 'to say' or to state

คำ

kham — Noun meaning 'word' or unit of spoken language

เหล่านี้

lào-níi — Demonstrative phrase meaning 'these' plural nearby items

โดย

dooi — Preposition meaning 'by' indicating agent or manner

จับตา

jàp-taa — Verb phrase meaning 'to watch' or fix eyes on

มอง

moong — Verb meaning 'to look at' or gaze toward something

ผู้เขียน

phûu-khǐian — Noun meaning 'writer' or author of a text

มือ

muue — Noun meaning 'hand' the body part used for writing

ของ

khǒong — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or belonging to someone

ก็

gôo — Particle meaning 'also' or 'then' linking clauses

ค่อยๆ

khôi-khôi — Adverb meaning 'gradually' or slowly step by step

เคลื่อน

khlûuean — Verb meaning 'to move' or shift position slowly

ลงมา

long-maa — Directional verb phrase meaning 'to come down' toward speaker

อย่าง

yàang — Adverbial particle meaning 'in a manner' or 'like'

ช้าๆ

cháa-cháa — Adverb meaning 'slowly' in a slow repeated manner

และ

láe — Conjunction meaning 'and' connecting words or clauses

นุ่มนวล

nûm-nuan — Adjective meaning 'gentle' or soft and smooth in manner

ใกล้

glâi — Adjective or preposition meaning 'near' or close by

กับ

gàp — Preposition meaning 'with' or together alongside something

ใบหน้า

bai-nâa — Noun meaning 'face' the front part of the head

ปากกา

pàak-gaa — Noun meaning 'pen' a writing instrument with ink

หล่น

lòn — Verb meaning 'to drop' or fall accidentally from grip

จาก

jàak — Preposition meaning 'from' indicating origin or departure

นิ้วมือ

níw-muue — Noun meaning 'finger' digit on the human hand

ลง

long — Directional verb meaning 'to go down' or descend

บน

bon — Preposition meaning 'on' or 'on top of' a surface

โต๊ะ

tó — Noun meaning 'table' a flat surface for working

ไป

bpai — Verb meaning 'to go' away from the speaker

รอบๆ

rôop-rôop — Adverb meaning 'around' or all about in circles

ตัว

tua — Classifier or pronoun meaning 'body' or oneself

เลื่อนลอย

lûuean-looi — Verb meaning 'to drift' or float aimlessly through air

นั่น

nân — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' pointing to something visible

เป็น

bpen — Verb meaning 'to be' linking subject and predicate

ไอระเหย

ai-rá-hǒei — Noun meaning 'vapor' or gaseous mist from a substance

อะไร

à-rai — Question word meaning 'what' asking for identification

กัน

gan — Particle indicating reciprocity, togetherness, or emphasis

ถาม

thǎam — Verb meaning 'to ask' or pose a question

มี

mii — Verb meaning 'to have' or there is something present

บางอย่าง

baang-yàang — Pronoun meaning 'something' an unspecified thing or matter

ผ่าน

phàan — Verb meaning 'to pass' or go through something

หน้า

nâa — Noun meaning 'face' or front side of something

ไม่

mâi — Negation particle meaning 'not' used before verbs

รู้สึก

rúu-sùek — Verb meaning 'to feel' an emotion or physical sensation

สิ่ง

sìng — Noun meaning 'thing' or any object or matter

ใด

dai — Question word or pronoun meaning 'any' or 'which'

เลย

looei — Particle meaning 'at all' emphasizing total negation

ไม่มี

mâi-mii — Phrase meaning 'there is not' or to lack something

ที่นี่

thîi-nîi — Adverb meaning 'here' at this current location

หรอก

ròok — Particle softening negation meaning 'not really' or dismissal

หยิบ

yìp — Verb meaning 'to pick up' something with fingers

ขึ้นมา

khûen-maa — Directional phrase meaning 'to come up' toward speaker

เขียน

khǐian — Verb meaning 'to write' using a pen or instrument

ให้

hâi — Verb or particle meaning 'to give' or 'for someone'

เสร็จ

sèt — Verb meaning 'to finish' or complete a task fully

รีบเข้า

rîip-khâo — Phrase meaning 'hurry up' or rush to do quickly

ราวกับ

raao-gàp — Conjunction meaning 'as if' or resembling a situation

ว่า

wâa — Particle meaning 'that' introducing a clause or quote

ความจำ

khwaam-jam — Noun meaning 'memory' the ability to remember things

เสื่อมถอย

sûuam-thǒi — Verb meaning 'to deteriorate' or decline in function

สติสัมปชัญญะ

sà-tì-sǎm-bpà-chan-yá — Noun meaning 'full consciousness' or clear-minded awareness

กำลัง

gam-lang — Auxiliary verb indicating ongoing action meaning 'currently doing'

สับสน

sàp-sǒn — Adjective meaning 'confused' or mentally disorganized and muddled

นักโทษ

nák-thôot — Noun meaning 'prisoner' or convicted person held captive

พยายาม

phá-yaa-yaam — Verb meaning 'to try' or make an effort

รวบรวม

rûap-ruam — Verb meaning 'to gather' or collect together into one

สติ

sà-tì — Noun meaning 'consciousness' or mental awareness and presence

ตนเอง

ton-eeng — Reflexive pronoun meaning 'oneself' referring back to subject

ด้วย

dûuai — Particle meaning 'also', 'with', or 'too' adding inclusion

ดวงตา

duang-taa — Noun meaning 'eyes' the organs of sight on face

มัวหมอง

mua-moong — Adjective meaning 'dim' or clouded and lacking clarity

การหายใจ

gaan-hǎai-jai — Noun meaning 'breathing' the act of inhaling and exhaling

เปลี่ยน

bplìian — Verb meaning 'to change' or shift from one state

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'that' linking clauses

เอา

ao — Verb meaning 'to take' or get hold of something

สอด

sòot — Verb meaning 'to insert' or slip something into place

ไว้

wái — Particle indicating keeping or placing something in position

อก

òk — Noun meaning 'chest' the front torso area of body

อีกครั้ง

ìik-khráng — Adverb meaning 'once more' or again repeating an action

จ้องมอง

jông-moong — Verb meaning 'to stare' or fix gaze intensely

มั่นคง

mân-khong — Adjective meaning 'steady' or stable and firmly fixed

ก้ม

gôm — Verb meaning 'to bend down' or lower one's head

เหนือ

nǔuea — Preposition meaning 'above' or over a surface or object

กระดาษ

grà-dàat — Noun meaning 'paper' a sheet used for writing

หาก

hàak — Conjunction meaning 'if' introducing a conditional clause

มัน

man — Third-person pronoun meaning 'it' referring to non-human things

อย่างอื่น

yàang-ùuen — Phrase meaning 'something else' or another kind of thing

เลื่อน

lûuean — Verb meaning 'to slide' or shift position smoothly

ระมัดระวัง

rá-mât-rá-wang — Adjective or adverb meaning 'careful' or cautiously attentive

คง

khong — Adverb meaning 'probably' or likely expressing probability

วัน

wan — Noun meaning 'day' a 24-hour period of time

ใช้

chái — Verb meaning 'to use' or employ something for purpose

โอกาส

oo-gàat — Noun meaning 'opportunity' or a favorable chance

ยาวนาน

yaao-naan — Adjective meaning 'long-lasting' or extended over much time

กว่า

gwàa — Comparative particle meaning 'more than' or exceeding

อยู่

yùu — Verb meaning 'to be' located or remain at a place

ต้อง

tông — Modal verb meaning 'must' or to be obligated to

รับผิดชอบ

ráp-phìt-chôop — Verb meaning 'to be responsible' for actions or duties

มาก

mâak — Adverb meaning 'very' or 'a lot' intensifying degree

นี้

níi — Demonstrative meaning 'this' indicating something nearby

มากนัก

mâak-nák — Phrase meaning 'too much' or excessively in amount

เห็น

hěn — Verb meaning 'to see' or visually perceive something

ขีดเขียน

khìit-khǐian — Verb meaning 'to scribble' or write hastily and messily

ออกมา

òok-maa — Directional phrase meaning 'to come out' toward the speaker

สัญลักษณ์

sǎn-yá-lák — Noun meaning 'symbol' or a sign representing something

อ่าน

àan — Verb meaning 'to read' written text or symbols

ไม่ออก

mâi-òok — Phrase meaning 'cannot read' or unable to decipher writing

กลับ

glàp — Verb meaning 'to return' or go back to origin

อีก

ìik — Adverb meaning 'more' or 'again' adding continuation

ต่อไป

tòo-bpai — Adverb meaning 'continue' or go on from this point