A Tale of Two Cities — Page 7

Vocabulary

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

ไม่

mai — No; negation word used before verbs

มี

mee — To have; to exist

ความหมาย

khwaam-maai — Meaning; significance of a word or action

ใด

dai — Any; which; used in questions or negatives

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For; intended for a specific purpose or person

นาง

naang — Mrs.; formal title for a married woman

เลย

loei — At all; not at all; used for emphasis

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun marker

ภรรยา

phan-ra-yaa — Wife; a man's female spouse

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to someone or something

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

จะ

ja — Will; future tense marker before verbs

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must; have to; be required to do

กลาย

glaai — To become; to transform into something else

เป็น

pen — To be; to become; linking verb

หม้าย

mâai — Widow or widower; person whose spouse has died

และ

lɛ́ — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ลูกสาว

lûuk-sǎao — Daughter; female child of a parent

เด็ก

dèk — Child; young person; kid

กำพร้า

gam-práa — Orphan; child without living parents

นั่น

nân — That; demonstrative pronoun pointing to something

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix; act of doing something

ลงโทษ

long-thôot — To punish; to impose a penalty on someone

เพียงพอ

phiang-phɔɔ — Sufficient; enough; adequate for a need

เพราะ

phrɔ́ — Because; since; reason-giving conjunction

พวกเขา

phûak-khǎo — They; them; third-person plural pronoun

ศัตรู

sàt-dtruu — Enemy; foe; person who opposes another

โดย

dooi — By; by means of; through an agent

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-châat — Nature; the natural world; inherent character

เหยื่อ

yùea — Victim; prey; one who suffers harm

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ฐานะ

thǎa-ná — Status; position; role in society

เช่น

chên — Such as; for example; like

นั้น

nán — That; those; indicating something previously mentioned

จึง

jueng — Therefore; thus; consequently linking cause and effect

สิทธิ์

sìt — Right; entitlement; legal or moral claim

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; existence; one's living being

อยู่

yùu — To be located; to stay; to live somewhere

ร้องขอ

rɔ́ng-khɔ̌ɔ — To request; to beg; to ask for something

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — Toward; against; per; connecting preposition

ไร้

rái — Without; lacking; devoid of something

ความหวัง

khwaam-wǎng — Hope; expectation; desire for something good

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating state or quality

เมตตา

mêt-dtaa — Loving kindness; compassion; benevolent goodwill

สงสาร

sǒng-sǎan — To pity; to feel sorry for someone

แม้แต่

mɛ́-dtàe — Even; not even; emphasizing an extreme case

ตัว

dtua — Body; self; classifier for animals and clothing

เอง

eeng — Oneself; by oneself; reflexive pronoun

หาก

hàak — If; in case; conditional conjunction

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; passive voice marker

ล้ม

lóm — To fall down; to collapse; to topple

ลง

long — Down; downward; directional verb complement

บน

bon — On; on top of; above a surface

ท้องถนน

thɔ́ng-thà-nǒn — Street; road; public thoroughfare

ต่อสู้

tɔ̀ɔ-sûu — To fight; to struggle; to resist forcefully

ใดๆ

dai-dai — Any whatsoever; whichever; used for emphasis

จาก

jàak — From; away from; originating from a place

หลาย

lǎai — Many; several; numerous

ครั้ง

khrâng — Time; occasion; instance of something occurring

ได้

dâi — Can; able to; past tense marker

เข้า

khâo — To enter; inward; directional verb complement

ร่วม

rûam — To join; to participate; together with others

ก็

gɔ̂ — Also; then; discourse particle for continuity

สั่ง

sàng — To order; to command; to instruct someone

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative verb marker

ไป

bpai — To go; to leave; away from speaker

รับ

ráp — To receive; to accept; to take something

โทษ

thôot — Punishment; penalty; blame for wrongdoing

ประหาร

bprà-hǎan — To execute; death penalty by official authority

วัน

wan — Day; a twenty-four hour period

พรุ่งนี้

phrûng-níi — Tomorrow; the day after today

ด้วย

dûai — Also; with; by means of something

รู้สึก

rúu-sùek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation

อ่อนโยน

ɔ̀ɔn-yoon — Gentle; tender; soft in manner or touch

นอกจาก

nɔ̂ɔk-jàak — Except; besides; other than something mentioned

ปรารถนา

bpraat-thà-nǎa — To desire; to wish for earnestly; aspiration

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner; kind of; adverbial modifier

ดุเดือด

dù-dùeat — Fierce; intense; ferocious in action or feeling

เปลี่ยน

bplìan — To change; to switch; to alter something

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with someone or something

ชาย

chaai — Man; male; masculine person

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; nominalizing agent prefix

ส่ง

sòng — To send; to deliver; to dispatch something

หัวใจ

hǔa-jai — Heart; the organ; emotional center of a person

แหละ

lɛ̀ — Emphasizing particle; exactly; that's the one

พกพา

phók-phaa — To carry; to bring along; portable

ไว้

wái — To keep; to store; to put aside for use

ใต้

dtâi — Under; beneath; below a surface

เสื้อคลุม

sûea-khlum — Cloak; coat; outer garment covering the body

หยาบ

yàap — Coarse; rough; crude in texture or manner

แม้

mɛ́ — Even though; although; despite the fact

สวมใส่

sǔam-sài — To wear; to put on clothing or accessories

พิถีพิถัน

phí-thii-phí-than — Meticulous; careful; painstakingly attentive to detail

แต่

dtàe — But; however; contrasting conjunction

เหมาะสม

mɔ̀-sǒm — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for the situation

พอ

phɔɔ — Enough; sufficient; just right amount

แบบ

bàep — Style; type; pattern or form of something

แปลก

bplàek — Strange; unusual; different from the norm

ประหลาด

bprà-lǎat — Odd; bizarre; surprisingly unusual or unexpected

บ้าง

bâang — Some; somewhat; a little bit of something

ผม

phǒm — Hair; I or me (polite male pronoun)

สีดำ

sǐi-dam — Black color; dark black shade

ดู

duu — To look; to watch; to appear or seem

ดกดี

dòk-dii — Thick and abundant, especially referring to hair

ภายใต้

phaai-dtâi — Under; beneath; below in position or authority

หมวก

mùak — Hat; cap; head covering

สีแดง

sǐi-daeng — Red color; bright red shade

ซ่อน

sɔ̂ɔn — To hide; to conceal from view

อก

òk — Chest; breast; the front of the torso

คือ

khuue — Is; namely; identifying or defining something

ปืนพก

bpuuen-phók — Pistol; handgun; a small portable firearm

บรรจุ

ban-ju — To load; to fill; to pack something inside

กระสุน

grà-sǔn — Bullet; ammunition; projectile fired from a gun

พร้อม

prɔ́ɔm — Ready; prepared; equipped and set to go

เอว

eeo — Waist; the narrow middle of the body

มีดสั้น

mîit-sân — Dagger; short knife; a small bladed weapon

ลับ

láp — Sharp; secret; to sharpen a blade

คม

khom — Sharp-edged; keen; having a fine cutting edge

แล้ว

lɛ́eo — Already; then; past completion marker

แต่งตัว

dtàeng-dtua — To dress oneself; to get dressed; to style appearance

เดิน

dəən — To walk; to move on foot

ก้าว

gâao — Step; stride; to step forward boldly

มั่นใจ

mân-jai — Confident; sure; certain about something

เยี่ยง

yîang — Like; in the manner of; resembling something

อุปนิสัย

ùp-pà-ní-sǎi — Character; nature; habitual personality traits

คล่องแคล่ว

khlɔ̂ng-khlɛ̂o — Agile; nimble; moving with ease and skill

อ่อนช้อย

ɔ̀ɔn-chɔ́ɔi — Graceful; elegant; moving in a delicate way

หญิง

yǐng — Woman; female; a female person

เคย

khəəi — Used to; to have ever done something before

วัย

wai — Age; period of life; stage of development

เยาว์

yao — Young; youthful; of an early age

สวม

sǔam — To wear; to put on clothing or footwear

รองเท้า

rɔɔng-tháo — Shoes; footwear worn on the feet

เปลือย

bplùuai — Bare; naked; uncovered without clothing

ขา

khǎa — Leg; the limb used for walking

หาด

hàat — Beach; shore; sandy coastal area

ทราย

saai — Sand; fine grains found on beaches

สีน้ำตาล

sǐi-náam-dtaan — Brown color; a warm earthy shade

ริม

rim — Edge; beside; along the border of something

ทะเล

thá-lee — Sea; ocean; large body of salt water

มุ่งหน้า

mûng-nâa — To head toward; to proceed in a direction

ตาม

dtaam — To follow; along; according to something

ถนน

thà-nǒn — Road; street; paved path for vehicles

บัดนี้

bàt-níi — Now; at this moment; currently

เมื่อ

mûea — When; at the time that something happened

เดินทาง

dəən-thaang — To travel; to go on a journey

รถม้า

rót-máa — Carriage; horse-drawn vehicle for transportation

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; relative pronoun connector

ขณะ

khà-nà — While; moment; at the time of something

กำลัง

gam-lang — Currently; in the process of doing something

รอ

rɔɔ — To wait; to wait for someone or something

บรรทุก

ban-thúk — To load cargo; to carry heavy goods

สิ่งของ

sìng-khɔ̌ɔng — Things; items; objects or belongings

ครบ

khróp — Complete; full; all accounted for

ได้รับ

dâi-ráp — To receive; to obtain; to be given something

วางแผน

waang-phɛ̌n — To plan; to make arrangements for something

คืน

khuuen — Night; to return something; evening period

ยากลำบาก

yâak-lam-bàak — Difficult; hardship; troublesome and challenging

พา

phaa — To take along; to lead someone somewhere

ขึ้น

khûen — Up; upward; to increase; to board a vehicle

รถ

rót — Car; vehicle; any motorized or wheeled transport

ทำให้

tham-hâi — To cause; to make something happen; to enable

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun; also Mr./Ms.