Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem — Page 8

Vocabulary

သူရဲကောင်း

thu yè kaung — Hero; a brave and courageous person

သည်

thì — Topic marker particle; indicates the subject

မိမိ

mì mì — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to self

တိုင်းပြည်

táin pyè — Country; nation; homeland

သို့

thò — To; toward; directional particle

ရောက်ရှိ

yout shi — To arrive at; to reach a place

လာသော

la thaw — That which came; arriving (relative clause marker)

အခါ

a kha — Time; occasion; when something happens

သူ့

thu — His; possessive form of third-person pronoun

ကို

go — Object marker particle; marks direct object

ထူးချွန်

htù chwan — Outstanding; excellent; exceptionally talented

သော

thaw — Relative clause marker; that; which

ဧည့်သည်

è thì — Guest; visitor arriving at a place

တစ်ဦး

tit ù — One person; a single individual

အဖြစ်

a pfyit — As; in the role of something

ဧည့်ခံ

è khan — To welcome; to receive a guest

သည်။

thì — Sentence-final copula marker ending a statement

သူ

thu — He; she; third-person personal pronoun

ထို

htò — That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something

အချိန်

a chein — Time; period; moment in time

၏

è — Possessive particle; of; belonging to

ဖြစ်သည်။

pfyit thì — Is; to be; copula ending a sentence

နောက်ပိုင်း

nout páin — Later; afterward; subsequent period of time

တွင်

twin — In; at; locative particle marking location

လူမျိုး

lu myò — Ethnic group; race; people of a nation

တို့

tó — Plural particle; marks a group of people

ဘုရင်

pfayín — King; monarch; ruler of a kingdom

ဖြစ်လာ

pfyit la — To become; to come to be something

နှစ်

hnit — Year; used for counting years

ငါးဆယ်

ngá hsè — Fifty; the number fifty

အုပ်ချုပ်

out choat — To rule; to govern; to administer

ပြီး

pyí — After; having done; completion particle

နောက်

nout — After; behind; following in sequence

နယ်မြေ

nè myè — Territory; region; land area

အနီးအနား

a ní a ná — Nearby; in the vicinity; surrounding area

မီး

mí — Fire; flame; light from burning

အန်

an — To spew; to spit out forcefully

နဂါး

na gá — Dragon; mythical serpent creature

တစ်ကောင်

tit kaung — One animal; one creature (animal classifier)

က

ga — Subject particle; marks the agent

ဆိုးရွား

hsò ywa — Terrible; awful; severely bad

စွာ

zwa — Adverbial suffix; in a manner of

လုယက်

lu yat — To plunder; to pillage; to loot

ဖျက်ဆီး

pfyat hsí — To destroy; to ruin; to demolish

သတ်

that — To kill; to slay; to put to death

ရန်

yan — In order to; for the purpose of

ဆုံးဖြတ်

hsòun pfyat — To decide; to make a decision

ဆက်လက်

hsat lat — To continue; to proceed further

ဖြစ်ပွား

pfyit pwa — To occur; to take place; to happen

တိုက်ပွဲ

tite pwè — Battle; fight; armed conflict

နှင့်

hnin — And; with; together with

နှစ်ဦး

hnit ù — Two people; both persons

စလုံး

za lóun — Both; all of them together

သေဆုံး

thè hsòun — To die; to perish; to pass away

ကြ

ja — Plural verb marker; indicates multiple subjects acting

စိတ်

sate — Mind; heart; feeling; emotion

ဝမ်းနည်း

wùn né — To be sad; to grieve; to feel sorrow

မှု

hmu — Nominalizer suffix; turning verb into noun

စကား

za gá — Word; speech; language; conversation

ဖြင့်

pfyin — With; by means of; using (instrumental particle)

မဖော်ပြ

ma pfaw pyà — Cannot express; unable to describe

နိုင်

náin — Can; to be able to; capable of

အောင်

àun — Until; so that; successfully achieving

ဖြစ်

pfyit — To be; to become; to exist

သို့သော်

thò thaw — However; but; nevertheless; yet

သူတို့

thu tó — They; them; third-person plural pronoun

မိမိတို့

mì mì tó — Ourselves; themselves; reflexive plural pronoun

မင်းကြီး

mín jí — Great king; lord; high-ranking ruler

အမှတ်တရ

a hmat ta ya — Memorial; commemorative; in remembrance of

ဂုဏ်ပြု

gùn pyù — To honor; to pay tribute; to respect

မည်သည့်

mì thì — Whatever; whichever; any (interrogative determiner)

အရာ

a ya — Thing; object; matter; affair

မျှ

hmya — Even; only; as much as (emphasis particle)

မပစ်ချ

ma pyit cha — Not to abandon; not to cast aside

ပဲ

bè — Just; only; emphasis particle

နေ

nè — To stay; to live; to remain (continuative)

မည်

mì — Future tense marker; will; shall

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle; saying that; as follows

မြင့်မားသော

myín má thaw — High; tall; elevated; lofty

မီးသင်္ချိုင်း

mí thin chàin — Funeral pyre; cremation site

တစ်ခု

tit khu — One thing; one (general classifier)

တည်ဆောက်

tì hsout — To build; to construct; to erect

ကာ

ka — Sequential connector; having done and then

ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ

ko khan da — Body; physical form; human body

မီးရှို့

mí shó — To cremate; to burn with fire

ထို့နောက်

htò nout — After that; then; subsequently

အတော်အတန်

a taw a tan — Considerably; quite; fairly; moderately

ဝေးသော

wè thaw — Far; distant; remote

နေရာ

nè ya — Place; location; spot; position

မှ

hma — From; since; ablative particle

မြင်

myín — To see; to observe; to perceive visually

ပြုလုပ်

pyù loat — To make; to do; to perform an action

သည်၊

thì — Topic marker with comma; continuing the sentence

ဆိုလိုသည်မှာ

hsò lo thì hma — That is to say; meaning; in other words

ရေပြင်

yè pyín — Sea surface; expanse of water

သင်္ဘောသား

thin baw tha — Sailor; seaman; crew member of a ship

များ

myá — Plural marker; many; multiple

အမျိုးသား

a myò tha — Man; male; national (male citizen)

ရဲရင့်

yè yin — Brave; courageous; bold; fearless

အမြဲ

a myè — Always; forever; constantly; at all times

သတိရ

tha ti ya — To remember; to recollect; to bear in mind

ကဗျာ

ka bya — Poetry; poem; verse

မှု၊

hmu — Nominalizing suffix with comma; act of

နူးညံ့

nù nyàn — Gentle; tender; soft in manner

သိမ်မွေ့

thein mwè — Refined; delicate; graceful; subtle

နှလုံးသား

hna lóun tha — Heart; inner feelings; one's true nature

ကောင်းမွန်

kaung mwan — Good; virtuous; excellent; admirable

ကြီးထွား

jí thwa — To grow; to be great; to flourish

ဒါနစိတ်

da na sate — Generous spirit; desire to give to others

တောက်ပ

tout pa — Bright; radiant; shining; glowing

ဂုဏ်ဖော်

gùn pfaw — To glorify; to reveal someone's merit

ချီးမွမ်း

chí mwùn — To praise; to commend; to extol

ပိတ်

pate — To close; to seal; to end (also used as conclusion)

ဇာတ်လမ်း

zat lán — Story; narrative; plot of a tale

ကဲ့သို့

kè thò — Like; similar to; just as

ပင်

pin — Indeed; even; emphasis particle

အင်္ဂလိပ်

in ga lait — English; relating to England or English language

စကားပြော

za gá pyaw — To speak; conversational speech

ရင်းနှီး

yín hní — Familiar; intimate; close relationship

ကျွမ်းဝင်

chwan win — Familiar with; well-acquainted; experienced in

မည့်

mì — Future relative marker; about to; will

နေ့ရက်

nè yat — Day; date; days and dates

အရှိန်

a shein — Speed; momentum; pace; force

မြှင့်

hmyin — To raise; to increase; to boost

ပေး

pé — To give; to provide; to offer

လိုခြင်း

lo chín — Desire; wish; wanting something

ဤ

ì — This; demonstrative pronoun (formal)

ဘာသာပြန်

ba tha pyàn — Translation; to translate between languages

ဆုတောင်း

hsù tàun — To pray; to make a wish; to petition

မြတ်နိုး

myat nó — To cherish; to adore; to love deeply

ဆန္ဒ

hsan da — Desire; wish; will; aspiration

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

cha nò tó — We; us; our (formal first-person plural)

ပထမဆုံး

pa hta ma hsòun — First of all; foremost; at the very beginning

ကြီးမြတ်

jí myat — Great; magnificent; noble; exalted

သည့်

thì — Relative marker; that which is (linking particle)

မဟာကဗျာ

ma ha ka bya — Epic poem; great literary verse work

၎င်း

da jin — It; the said (formal pronoun referring back)

ဘဝ

ba wa — Life; existence; one's life situation

သမိုင်း

tha máin — History; historical record; the past

အကျဉ်းချုပ်

a chin choat — Summary; brief overview; in short

ဖော်ပြ

pfaw pyà — To describe; to present; to show

ထား

htá — To place; to keep; resultative verb particle

ကျမ်း

chan — Text; book; scripture; written work

မင်းမ

mín ma — Queen; royal lady; female ruler

တိုင်မီ

táin mí — Before; up until; prior to a time

ခေတ်က

khèt ga — Era; age; from the time of

ဘိုးဘေး

bó bè — Ancestors; forefathers; forebears

စစ်ပွဲ

sit pwè — War; warfare; military conflict

ချစ်မြတ်နိုး

chit myat nó — To love and cherish; to hold dear

ပင်လယ်

pin lè — Sea; ocean; large body of water

စွန့်စား

swùn sá — To venture; to take risks; to dare

ရှေ့

shè — Front; ahead; before; in front of

ဆရာကြီး

hsa ya jí — Great teacher; master; respected mentor

အား

á — To; for; indirect object marker particle

အကြံဉာဏ်၊

a khan nyán — Advice; idea; suggestion; intellectual guidance

စာနာ

za na — Sympathy; compassion; empathy

အကူအညီ

a ku a nyì — Help; assistance; support

ခဲ့သော

khè thaw — Past tense marker; that which has been done

အတွက်

a twat — For; for the sake of; because of

ကျွန်ုပ်

cha nò — I; me (formal first-person singular pronoun)

အထူး

a htù — Special; particularly; especially

ကျေးဇူးတင်

ché zú tin — To be grateful; to thank; to appreciate

ကြောင်း

jàun — Nominalizer; the fact that; reason

အပ်

at — To entrust; to submit; to hand over

ပါ

pa — Polite particle; please; also; as well

မှတ်ချက်

hmat chat — Note; remark; comment; annotation

အသုံးပြု

a thóun pyù — To use; to make use of; to apply

အတိုကောက်

a tò kout — Abbreviation; shortened form of a word

များ။

myá — Plural marker ending a sentence