Coniston — Volume 01 — Page 12

Vocabulary

말은

mareun — As for the horse; topic marker on 말 (horse)

이제

ije — Now, from now on, at this point

걷고

geotgo — Walking (and); connective form of 걷다

있었는데

isseonnende — Was doing, but; past progressive connective form

갑자기

gapjagi — Suddenly, all of a sudden, abruptly

돌아섰고

dorasseotgo — Turned around, and; past tense connective of 돌아서다

그녀의

geunyeoui — Her, of her; possessive form of 그녀 (she)

심장이

simjangi — Heart (subject); 심장 means heart (organ)

멎었다

meojeotda — Stopped, came to a halt (e.g., heart stopped)

어

eo — Oh, uh; interjection expressing surprise or hesitation

어떻게

eotteoke — How, in what way; interrogative adverb

지냈어

jinaesseo — How have you been? (informal); past of 지내다

그가

geuga — He (subject); subject marker attached to 그 (he)

물었다

mureotda — Asked, inquired; past tense of 묻다

잘

jal — Well, fine; adverb indicating doing something well

지냈어요

jinaesseoyo — I've been well (polite); polite past of 지내다

숲속의

supsogui — Of the forest interior; inside the woods (possessive)

찬송가를

chansongga-reul — Hymn (object); a religious song of praise

부르기

bureуgi — Singing, to sing; nominalized form of 부르다

시작했고

sijakhaetgo — Started, and; past tense connective of 시작하다

그들은

geudeureun — They (topic); topic marker on 그들 (they/them)

귀를

gwireul — Ear (object); object marker on 귀 (ear)

기울였다

giuryeotda — Tilted, listened carefully; past tense of 기울이다

그

geu — That, the; determiner or pronoun meaning 'that/he'

후

hu — After, afterwards; indicates time following an event

침묵이

chimmugі — Silence (subject); quietness, absence of sound

흘렀고

heullеotgo — Flowed, passed (time/silence), and; past connective

노래에

noraee — To/at the song; locative marker on 노래 (song)

자극받아

jageukbada — Stimulated by, inspired by; form of 자극받다

화답하는

hwadapaneun — Responding, answering back; present modifier of 화답하다

새들의

saedeului — Of the birds; possessive form of 새들 (birds)

목사의

moksaui — Of the pastor/minister; possessive of 목사

말이

mari — Horse (subject); subject marker on 말 (horse)

덤불을

deombureul — Bushes, shrubs (object); thicket or underbrush

뜯어먹는

tteudeomengneun — Grazing on, nibbling; present modifier of 뜯어먹다

소리만이

sorimani — Only the sound; 소리 (sound) + 만 (only) + 이 (subject)

들렸다

deullyeotda — Was heard, could be heard; past tense of 들리다

자신도

jasindo — Even oneself; 자신 (oneself) + 도 (even/also)

왜

wae — Why; interrogative adverb asking for a reason

자신이

jasini — Oneself (subject); subject marker on 자신 (oneself)

자리에

jarie — At the spot/place; locative marker on 자리 (place/spot)

머물렀는지

meomulleonneunji — Whether (one) stayed; past interrogative form of 머물다

설명할

seolmyeonghal — To explain; future/prospective modifier of 설명하다

수

su — Ability, possibility; used in ~ㄹ 수 있다/없다 structure

없었을

eopseosseul — Would not have been able; past counterfactual of 없다

것이다

geosiDA — It is the case that; sentence-final nominalizer structure

그녀에게

geunyeoege — To her; dative marker on 그녀 (she/her)

질문을

jilmuneul — Question (object); object marker on 질문 (question)

던졌다

deonjyeotda — Threw; past tense of 던지다, also means posed a question

어디

eodi — Where; interrogative adverb asking about location

가는

ganeun — Going; present tense modifier form of 가다 (to go)

거야

geoya — Is it that...?; informal sentence-final noun clause

선생님께

seonsaengnimkke — To the teacher (honorific); honorific dative of 선생님

이

i — This; demonstrative determiner indicating nearby object

책을

chaegeul — Book (object); object marker on 책 (book)

바꿔달라고

bakkwodallago — To ask to exchange/replace; indirect request quotation form

하러요

hareoyo — Going in order to do; purposive connective, polite

그러면서

geureomyeonseo — While doing so, saying that; connective of simultaneous action

그녀는

geunyeoneun — She (topic); topic marker on 그녀 (she)

무릎

mureup — Knee; part of the leg at the joint

위에서

wieseo — From on top of; locative marker indicating above/on

들어

deureo — Lifting up; connective form of 들다 (to lift/hold)

올렸다

ollyeotda — Raised, lifted up; past tense of 올리다

그것은

geugeoceun — That thing (topic); topic marker on 그것 (that/it)

매우

maeu — Very, extremely; formal adverb of high degree

큰

keun — Big, large; modifier form of 크다

책이었다

chaegieotda — Was a book; past copula attached to 책 (book)

그게

geuge — That (topic, contracted); informal form of 그것이

무슨

museun — What kind of, what; interrogative determiner

내용이야

naeyongiya — What is the content?; informal copula on 내용 (content)

누구야

nugуya — Who is it?; informal question using 누구 (who)

그는

geuneun — He (topic); topic marker on 그 (he/that person)

아주

aju — Very, quite; adverb emphasizing degree or extent

강한

ganghan — Strong, powerful; modifier form of 강하다

사람이었어요

saramieosseoyo — Was a person; polite past copula on 사람 (person)

가난하고

gananago — Poor, and; connective form of 가난하다 (to be poor)

무명으로

mumyeongeuro — As an unknown, in obscurity; 무명 means nameless/unknown

삶을

salmeul — Life (object); object marker on 삶 (life/living)

시작했지만

sijakhaetjiman — Started, but; past concessive connective of 시작하다

세상을

sesangeul — The world (object); object marker on 세상 (world)

정복할

jeongbokal — To conquer; prospective modifier of 정복하다

때까지

ttaekkaji — Until the time when; temporal marker meaning 'until'

싸우며

ssaumyeo — While fighting; simultaneous connective of 싸우다

올라갔어요

ollagasseoyo — Rose up, climbed; polite past tense of 올라가다

세

se — The world; here short for 세상 (world/society)

정복했다고

jeongbokhaetdago — Said that (he) conquered; quotative past of 정복하다

네

ne — Yes; affirmative response particle

곰곰이

gomgomi — Deeply, carefully (thinking); adverb for pondering

생각했다

saenggakhaetda — Thought, pondered; past tense of 생각하다

책에

chaege — In the book; locative marker on 책 (book)

뭔가

mwonga — Something; indefinite pronoun, contracted from 무언가

잘못된

jalmotdoen — Wrong, mistaken; modifier form of 잘못되다

게

ge — Thing that; contracted form of 것이 (nominalized thing)

있는

inneun — That exists/is there; present modifier of 있다

것

geot — Thing, fact; nominalizer used in various structures

같은데

gateunde — Seems like, but; form of 같다 expressing conjecture

잘못됐어

jalmotdwaesseo — It's wrong/mistaken; informal past of 잘못되다

미국을

Migugeul — America/USA (object); object marker on 미국

미소를

misoreul — Smile (object); object marker on 미소 (smile)

지었다

jieotda — Made (a smile); past tense of 짓다 (to make/form)

그녀

geunyeo — She, her; third person feminine pronoun

그때는

geuттаeneun — At that time (topic); 그때 (that time) + 는 (topic marker)

미국이

Migugi — America/USA (subject); subject marker on 미국

세상의

sesangui — Of the world; possessive marker on 세상 (world)

일부가

ilbuga — Part (subject); subject marker on 일부 (part/portion)

아니라는

aniraneun — That it is not; modifier form of quotative 아니다

것을

geogeul — The fact/thing (object); object marker on nominalizer 것

깨닫지

kkaedatji — Realize, understand; negated connective of 깨닫다

못했다

mothaetda — Could not do; past tense of inability with 못

유럽을

Yureobеul — Europe (object); object marker on 유럽 (Europe)

정복했어요

jeongbokhaesseoyo — Conquered (polite); polite past tense of 정복하다

모든

modeun — All, every; determiner meaning all/every

왕과

wanggwa — King, and; 왕 (king) + 과 (and/with)

왕비들이

wangbideuri — Queens (subject); 왕비 (queen) + 들 (plural) + 이 (subject)

곳을요

goseulyo — The place (object, polite); 곳 (place) + 을 + 요

그리고

geuрigo — And, and then; conjunction connecting sentences

스스로

seuseuro — By oneself, on one's own; reflexive adverb

왕이

wangi — King (subject/predicate); 왕 (king) + 이 (subject marker)

되었죠

doeeotjyo — Became, didn't he?; past of 되다 + confirmatory 죠

황제가

hwangje-ga — Emperor (subject); subject marker on 황제 (emperor)

되었어요

doeeosseoyo — Became; polite past tense of 되다 (to become)

그거

geugeo — That thing; informal contracted form of 그것

참

cham — Really, truly; adverb emphasizing sincerity or degree

놀랍군

nollapgun — How surprising!; exclamatory form of 놀랍다

말했다

malhaetda — Said, spoke; past tense of 말하다 (to speak/say)

가난한

gananhan — Poor, impoverished; modifier form of 가난하다

소년이었다고

sonyeonieotdago — Said he was a boy; quotative past of 소년이다

했지

haetji — You said/did, right?; confirmatory past of 하다

직접

jikjeop — Directly, personally, in person; adverb of directness

읽어보지

ilgeobojiyo — Try reading it; suggestion form of 읽어보다

그러세요

geureoseyo — Please do so; polite imperative suggestion form

대답했다

daedaphaetda — Answered, replied; past tense of 대답하다

선생님께서

seonsaengnimkkeseo — The teacher (honorific subject); honorific subject marker

당신에게

dangsinege — To you; dative marker on 당신 (you, formal)

빌려주실

billyeojusil — Will lend (to you); prospective honorific of 빌려주다

거예요

geoyeyo — It will be; polite sentence-final noun clause ending