Cranford — Page 4

Vocabulary

시간을

siganeul — Time (object marker); refers to a period of time

항상

hangsang — Always; at all times, without exception

염두에

yeomdue — In mind; keeping something in consideration

두어야

dueonya — Must keep or place; obligated to hold in mind

해요

haeyo — Do/does; polite present tense verb ending

얘야

yaeya — Hey child; affectionate address to a young person

대화

daehwa — Conversation; dialogue between two or more people

중에

junge — During; in the middle of a situation or time

그것을

geugeoseul — That thing (object marker); referring to something mentioned

잊어버리면

ijeobeorimyeon — If one forgets; conditional form of to forget completely

안

an — Not; negation marker placed before a verb

돼요

dwaeyo — Must not / is not allowed; polite prohibition or permission

방문을

bangmuneul — Visit (object marker); act of visiting someone or somewhere

받든

batdeun — Whether receiving; connective form indicating either-or conditions

하든

hadeun — Whether doing; connective particle for listing alternatives

간에

gane — Regardless of; no matter which option is chosen

모두가

moduga — Everyone; all people as the subject of a sentence

이

i — This; demonstrative determiner for nearby objects or concepts

규칙을

gyuchiceul — Rule (object marker); a regulation or established principle

마음속에

maeumsoge — Inside one's heart or mind; deeply held internally

새기고

saegigo — Engraving or imprinting; keeping something firmly in mind

있었으므로

isseosseumeuро — Because they had; causal connective of past continuous state

물론

mullon — Of course; naturally, it goes without saying

사람을

sarameul — Person (object marker); referring to a human being

끌어당기는

kkeureoданggineun — Attracting; pulling someone in, drawing attention or interest

주제는

jujeoneun — Topic (subject marker); the subject or theme of discussion

결코

gyeolko — Never; absolutely not under any circumstances

입에

ibe — In the mouth; used idiomatically for speaking about something

오르지

oreuji — Not come up; negative form of rising or being mentioned

않았다

anatda — Did not; past tense negative auxiliary verb ending

우리는

urineun — We (topic marker); first-person plural subject of sentence

짧은

jjalbeun — Short; brief in length, duration, or extent

잡담으로만

japдамеuroман — Only with small talk; limited to casual trivial conversation

대화를

daehwaleul — Conversation (object marker); dialogue as the object of action

이어갔고

ieogakgo — Continued and; kept a conversation or activity going

철저히

cheoljeohi — Thoroughly; completely and meticulously without exception

지켰다

jikyeotda — Kept or observed; adhered strictly to a rule

상류층

sangnyucheung — Upper class; the highest social stratum in society

중

jung — Among; within a group or set of things

일부는

ilbuneun — Some (topic marker); a portion or part of a group

가난하여

gananhayeo — Being poor; in a state of poverty, connective form

수입과

suipgwa — Income and; earnings alongside another financial element

지출을

jichureul — Expenditure (object marker); money spent or paid out

맞추는

matchuneun — Matching or balancing; adjusting things to fit together

데

de — In doing; nominalizing ending indicating a task or situation

어려움을

eoryeoуmeul — Difficulty (object marker); hardship or trouble experienced

겪었을

gyeokeosseul — Would have experienced; past supposition of going through hardship

것이라

geosira — It is that; conjecture or assumption about a situation

생각하지만

saenggakhajiman — Think but; expressing a thought with a contrasting clause

그들은

geudeureun — They (topic marker); third-person plural subject of sentence

고통을

gotонgeul — Pain or suffering (object marker); physical or emotional anguish

웃는

unneun — Smiling or laughing; present tense modifier of to smile

얼굴

eolgul — Face; the front part of a person's head

뒤에

dwie — Behind; at the back of something, literal or figurative

감추었다

gamchuеotda — Hid or concealed; kept something out of sight or knowledge

우리

uri — We or our; first-person plural pronoun or possessive

누구도

nugudo — Nobody; not anyone, used with negative verbs

돈

don — Money; currency used for transactions and purchases

이야기를

iyagireul — Story or talk (object marker); spoken narrative or discussion

하지

haji — Not do; negative connective form before auxiliary verb

않았는데

ananneunde — Did not, and; past negative with a background clause connector

그

geu — That; demonstrative determiner for something already known

상업과

sangeopgwa — Commerce and; trade or business alongside another element

거래의

georaeui — Of trade or transaction; possessive form of commercial dealing

냄새가

naemsaega — Smell (subject marker); an odor or figurative impression

났기

natgi — Arose or smelled; nominalizing past form of to emit

때문이며

ttaemunimyeo — Because of, and; causal connector linking two reasons

비록

birok — Although; even though, used to introduce a concession

가난할지라도

gananhaljiraдо — Even if poor; concessive form acknowledging poverty nonetheless

모두

modu — All or everyone; entirety of a group without exception

귀족적이었다

gwijokjeogiеotda — Were aristocratic; had noble or upper-class qualities and manner

사람들은

saramdeureun — People (topic marker); a group of persons as the subject

친절한

chinjeolhan — Kind or friendly; showing warmth and goodwill to others

단결심을

dangyeolsimeul — Sense of unity (object marker); feeling of solidarity and togetherness

지니고

jinigo — Possessing and; holding or carrying a quality or object

있었기에

isseotgie — Because they had; causal form of past continuous existence

그들

geudeul — They; third-person plural pronoun referring to a group

일부가

ilbuga — Some (subject marker); a part or portion of a group

가난을

gananeul — Poverty (object marker); state of being poor or lacking money

감추려

gamchuryo — Trying to hide; intentional form of concealing something

할

hal — Will do; future tense modifier of the verb to do

때

ttae — When or time; a moment or period when something occurs

성공의

seonggongui — Of success; possessive form relating to achievement or accomplishment

부족함을

bujokхameul — Lack or insufficiency (object marker); falling short of a standard

눈감아

nungama — Turning a blind eye; ignoring or overlooking something intentionally

주었다

jueotda — Gave or did for someone; past tense benefactive auxiliary verb