East of the Sun and West of the Moon: Old Tales from the North — Page 25

Vocabulary

마치

ma-chi — As if, just like; used for comparisons or similes

온

on — Whole, entire; all of something

언덕을

eon-deok-eul — Hill (object form); a small elevated landform

들어

deu-reo — Lift, raise; base form of 들다 in context

올릴

ol-lil — To lift up; infinitive form indicating future action

수

su — Ability, possibility; used in '~ㄹ 수 있다' constructions

있을

i-sseul — Will be, to exist; future/modifier form of 있다

것

geot — Thing, fact; nominalizer used in various expressions

같은

ga-teun — Same, like; used in comparisons meaning 'like/such as'

강한

gang-han — Strong, powerful; adjective modifying a noun

힘을

him-eul — Strength, power (object form); physical or mental force

느꼈다

neu-kkyeot-da — Felt, sensed; past tense of 느끼다

돌아왔을

do-ra-wat-seul — When he returned; past modifier form of 돌아오다

때

ttae — Time, moment, when; marks a point or period in time

노파는

no-pa-neun — Old woman (topic form); elderly female person

몹시

mop-si — Very, extremely, severely; intensifying adverb

화가

hwa-ga — Anger (subject form); used in '화가 나다' to be angry

나

na — Come out; here used in '화가 나다' meaning to become angry

있었으며

i-sseo-seu-myeo — Was (and); connective past tense meaning 'was, and also'

그동안

geu-dong-an — During that time, meanwhile; refers to an elapsed period

무엇을

mu-eo-seul — What (object form); interrogative pronoun as object

하고

ha-go — Doing, and; connective form of 하다

있었는지

i-sseon-neun-ji — Whether (one) was doing; indirect question connective form

알고

al-go — Knowing, and then know; connective form of 알다

싶어

si-peo — Want to; expresses desire, used with verb stems

했다

haet-da — Did, performed; past tense of 하다

너는

neo-neun — You (topic form); informal second-person pronoun

시간을

si-gan-eul — Time (object form); hours or a span of time

얼마나

eol-ma-na — How much, how many; interrogative adverb of degree

낭비하는지

nang-bi-ha-neun-ji — Whether wasting; indirect question form of 낭비하다

신경도

sin-gyeong-do — Even concern, even care; 신경 means attention/concern

안

an — Not; negative adverb placed before a verb

쓰는구나

sseu-neun-gu-na — You don't even pay attention; exclamatory realization ending

그러면서도

geu-reo-myeon-seo-do — Even while doing so; concessive connective meaning 'yet still'

밤이

bam-i — Night (subject form); the dark period after sunset

다가오고

da-ga-o-go — Approaching, coming near; progressive connective of 다가오다

있다는

it-da-neun — That it exists/is; quotative modifier form of 있다

걸

geol — The fact that; colloquial contraction of 것을

알면서

al-myeon-seo — While knowing; simultaneous action connective of 알다

우리는

u-ri-neun — We (topic form); first-person plural pronoun

어두워지기

eo-du-wo-ji-gi — Becoming dark; nominalized progressive form of 어두워지다

전에

jeo-ne — Before; time expression meaning prior to an event

넘어야

neo-meo-ya — Must cross over; obligatory form of 넘다

한다고

han-da-go — Saying that one must do; indirect quotation connective

그리하여

geu-ri-ha-yeo — And so, therefore; formal connective showing result

그들은

geu-deul-eun — They (topic form); third-person plural pronoun

터벅터벅

teo-beok-teo-beok — Trudging, plodding heavily; onomatopoeic adverb for tired walking

걸어갔다

geo-reo-gat-da — Walked away; past tense of 걸어가다

그런데

geu-reon-de — However, but, by the way; transitional conjunction

중간쯤

jung-gan-jjeum — About halfway, around the middle; approximate midpoint

왔을

wat-seul — When (they) had come; past modifier form of 오다

노파가

no-pa-ga — Old woman (subject form); elderly female as subject

지쳐서

ji-chyeo-seo — Being exhausted, so tired; causal connective of 지치다

덤불

deom-bul — Bush, thicket, shrub; dense low-growing vegetation

아래에서

a-rae-e-seo — Under, below; location marker meaning 'from beneath'

쉬어야겠다고

swi-eo-ya-get-da-go — Saying she must rest; reported obligation with quotative

말했다

mal-haet-da — Said, spoke; past tense of 말하다

어머니

eo-meo-ni — Mother; respectful term for one's mother

소년이

so-nyeon-i — Boy (subject form); a young male child

어머니께서

eo-meo-ni-kke-seo — Mother (honorific subject); respectful subject marker for elders

쉬시는

swi-si-neun — While resting (honorific); honorific modifier form of 쉬다

동안

dong-an — During, while; indicates a time period

제가

je-ga — I (humble subject form); polite first-person subject

이

i — This; demonstrative pronoun or adjective for nearby objects

높은

no-peun — High, tall; adjective modifying a noun

바위

ba-wi — Rock, boulder; large natural stone formation

꼭대기에

kkok-dae-gi-e — At the top, summit; location at the highest point

올라가서

ol-la-ga-seo — Climbing up and then; sequential connective of 올라가다

근처에

geun-cheo-e — Nearby, in the vicinity; location marker for close area

사람이

sa-ram-i — Person (subject form); a human being as subject

있는지

in-neun-ji — Whether there is; indirect question form of 있다

살펴봐도

sal-pyeo-bwa-do — Even if I look around; permissive concessive of 살펴보다

될까요

doel-kka-yo — Would it be okay?; polite question seeking permission

그래도

geu-rae-do — Even so, nevertheless; concessive meaning 'still okay'

된다고

doen-da-go — Saying it is okay; reported speech form of 되다

그래서

geu-rae-seo — So, therefore; causal conjunction linking cause and result

올랐을

ol-lat-seul — When he climbed; past modifier form of 오르다

북쪽에서

buk-jjok-e-seo — From the north; directional location marker

빛이

bi-chi — Light (subject form); illumination or a ray of light

빛나는

bit-na-neun — Shining, glowing; present modifier form of 빛나다

것을

geo-seul — Thing (object form); nominalizer used as sentence object

보았다

bo-at-da — Saw, noticed; past tense of 보다

달려

dal-lyeo — Running; connective form of 달리다 meaning to run

내려가

nae-ryeo-ga — Go down; connective form of 내려가다

어머니에게

eo-meo-ni-e-ge — To mother; dative marker indicating recipient

우리

u-ri — We, our; first-person plural possessive or pronoun

계속

gye-sok — Continuously, keep going; adverb meaning without stopping

가야

ga-ya — Must go; obligatory form of 가다

해요

hae-yo — Have to, do; polite present tense of 하다

집이

ji-bi — House (subject form); a building used as a home

있어요

i-sseo-yo — There is, exists; polite present tense of 있다

북쪽

buk-jjok — North, northern direction; compass direction

바로

ba-ro — Right, directly, just; adverb meaning immediately nearby

가까이에서

ga-kka-i-e-seo — From nearby, close by; location meaning in close proximity

밝은

bal-geun — Bright, light; adjective describing luminosity

게

ge — Thing that; colloquial contraction of 것이

보여요

bo-yeo-yo — It can be seen, appears; polite form of 보이다

그러자

geu-reo-ja — Then, thereupon; conjunction indicating immediate response

그녀는

geu-nyeo-neun — She (topic form); third-person female pronoun

일어나

i-reo-na — Getting up, rising; connective form of 일어나다

가방을

ga-bang-eul — Bag (object form); a carried container or sack

어깨에

eo-kkae-e — On the shoulder; location marker for the shoulder

메고

me-go — Slinging over shoulder, and; connective form of 메다

확인하러

hwa-gin-ha-reo — In order to confirm; purposive form of 확인하다

출발했다

chul-bal-haet-da — Departed, set off; past tense of 출발하다

멀리

meol-li — Far, far away; adverb indicating great distance

가기도

ga-gi-do — Even going; nominalized form with particle meaning 'even'

가파른

ga-pa-reun — Steep, sharp incline; adjective describing terrain

언덕의

eon-deok-eui — Of the hill; genitive marker showing possession

돌출부가

dol-chul-bu-ga — Protrusion, outcrop (subject form); jutting rock formation

길을

gi-reul — Path, road (object form); a route or way forward

가로막고

ga-ro-mak-go — Blocking, obstructing, and; connective form of 가로막다

서

seo — Standing; connective form of 서다 meaning to stand

있었다

i-sseo-t-da — Was there, existed; past tense of 있다

내가

nae-ga — I (subject form); first-person singular subject pronoun

생각했던

saeng-ga-kaet-deon — What I had thought; retrospective modifier form of 생각하다

대로야

dae-ro-ya — Just as expected; emphatic form of 대로 meaning 'as'

이제

i-je — Now, from now on; adverb indicating the present moment

한

han — One, a single; numeral or determiner meaning one

걸음도

geo-reum-do — Even a step; step (with particle) meaning not even one step

더

deo — More, further; adverb indicating additional degree

나아갈

na-a-gal — To advance, move forward; future modifier of 나아가다

없어

eop-seo — There isn't, cannot; informal negative form of 없다

여기서

yeo-gi-seo — Here, from this place; location marker for current spot

꼭

kkok — Surely, certainly, must; adverb of strong necessity

좋은

jo-eun — Good, nice; adjective modifying a noun positively

잠자리를

jam-ja-ri-reul — Sleeping place (object form); a place to sleep for the night

갖게

gat-ge — So as to have; purposive/result connective of 갖다

생겼군

saeng-gyeot-gun — It seems we've gotten; exclamatory realization of 생기다