East of the Sun and West of the Moon: Old Tales from the North — Page 85

Vocabulary

그들이

geudeuri — They (subject marker attached); referring to a group

얼마나

eolmana — How much; to what extent or degree

오래

orae — For a long time; a long duration

항해했는지

hanghaehaenneunji — Whether/how long they sailed; past sailing inquiry

나는

naneun — I (subject); first-person singular subject form

정말

jeongmal — Really; truly; used to emphasize sincerity

말할

malhal — To say; to tell; future/modifier form of 말하다

수

su — Ability; possibility; used in 'can/cannot' constructions

없다

eopda — To not exist; to not have something

그러나

geureona — However; but; conjunction showing contrast

결국

gyeolguk — In the end; ultimately; eventually

그들은

geudeureun — They (topic marker); referring to a group as topic

큰

keun — Big; large; great; modifier form of 크다

폭풍을

pokpungeul — Storm (object marker); a violent weather event

만났고

mannатgo — Met; encountered and (then); past tense connective

폭풍이

pokpungi — The storm (subject marker); violent weather as subject

지나가고

jinagago — Passes by and; moves past and continues

다시

dasi — Again; once more; returning to a previous state

잠잠해졌을

jamjamhaejyeosseul — Had become calm/quiet; past conjecture modifier form

때

ttae — Time; moment; when something occurs

자신들이

jasindeurí — Themselves (subject); reflexive plural subject form

어디에

eodie — Where; at what place; location question word

있는지

inneunji — Whether (they) are; present-tense embedded question

알

al — To know; base form used before 수 없었다

없었다

eopseotda — Did not exist; was not able; past tense of 없다

왜냐하면

waenyahamyeon — Because; the reason is that; causal conjunction

그들

geudeul — They; them; third-person plural pronoun

중

jung — Among; in the middle of; within a group

아무도

amudo — Nobody; not anyone; used with negative verbs

아무것도

amugeotdo — Nothing; not anything; used with negative verbs

몰랐던

mollатdeon — Had not known; past retrospective modifier form

낯선

natsseon — Unfamiliar; strange; unknown to oneself

해안으로

haeaneuro — Toward the coast/shore; directional marker attached

떠밀려

tteomillyeo — Being pushed/drifted; carried forcibly by current or wind

왔기

watgi — Came; having come; nominalizing past tense form

때문이었다

ttaemuniyeotda — It was because of; past-tense causal ending

그런데

geureonde — By the way; however; transitional conjunction

바람이

barami — The wind (subject marker); moving air as subject

전혀

jeonhyeo — Not at all; completely (used with negatives)

없었기

eopseotgi — There was not; nominalizing past negative form

때문에

ttaemune — Because of; due to; causal postposition

그곳에

geugose — At that place; there; locative marker attached

바람에

barame — By/in the wind; wind with locative/causal marker

묶인

mukkín — Tied; bound; restrained; modifier form of 묶다

채

chae — While remaining in a state; as is; unchanged condition

머물렀고

meomulleotgo — Stayed; remained and (then); past tense connective

선장에게

seonjangege — To the captain; dative marker attached to captain

육지에

yukjie — On land; ashore; locative marker attached to land

올라가

ollaga — Go up; ascend; connective form of 올라가다

주위를

juwireul — Surroundings; the area around; object marker attached

둘러볼

dulleоbol — To look around; to survey surroundings; future modifier

허락을

heoрakeul — Permission; consent; object marker attached

구했다

guhaetda — Sought; asked for; obtained by request; past tense

그는

geuneun — He (topic marker); third-person male singular topic

누워

nuwo — Lying down; connective form of 눕다

잠을

jameul — Sleep (object marker); the act of sleeping

자느니

janеuni — Rather than sleeping; comparative connective form

차라리

charari — Rather; preferably; choosing one option over another

가고

gago — Going and; connective form of 가다

싶다고

sipдago — Said that (he) wants to; reported desire form

말했다

malhaetda — Said; told; spoke; past tense of 말하다

당신은

dangshineun — You (topic marker); polite second-person singular topic

지금

jigeum — Now; at this moment; present time

사람들

saramdеul — People; persons; plural form of 사람

앞에

ape — In front of; before; locative marker attached

나설

nasеol — To step out; appear before others; future modifier form

만하다고

manhadadgo — Worth doing; worthy of; reported sufficiency form

생각하는

saenggakaneun — Thinking; believing; present modifier form of 생각하다

거요

geoyo — Is it that; casual question ending with politeness

라고

rago — Quotation marker; said that; quoting speech or thought

선장이

seonjangі — The captain (subject marker); ship's captain as subject

당신이

dangshini — You (subject marker); polite second-person as subject

입고

ipgo — Wearing and; connective form of 입다

있는

inneun — That (one) has/wears; present modifier of 있다

그

geu — That; the; demonstrative determiner for nearby referent

누더기

nudеogi — Rags; tattered clothing; worn-out torn garments

말고는

malgoneun — Except for; other than; excluding something

아무

amu — Any; no (with negatives); indefinite determiner

옷도

otdo — Clothes too/either; clothing with additive/negative marker

자신의

jasine — One's own; reflexive possessive form

뜻을

tteuseul — Will; intention; meaning; object marker attached

굽히지

guрhiji — Without bending/yielding; negative connective of 굽히다

않았고

anатgo — Did not and (then); past negative connective form

받았다

badatda — Received; got; accepted something; past tense

하지만

hajiman — However; but; contrast conjunction

불기

bulgi — Blowing; nominalized form of 불다 (wind blows)

시작하는

sijakaneun — Starting; beginning; present modifier of 시작하다

즉시

jeuksi — Immediately; right away; without delay

반드시

bandeusi — Surely; without fail; certainly must

돌아와야

dorawaya — Must return; obligatory form of 돌아오다

했다

haetda — Did; past tense of 하다; general action verb

그리하여

geurihayeo — And so; therefore; consequently; formal conjunction

떠났고

tteonatgo — Departed and (then); past tense connective of 떠나다

아름다운

areumdaun — Beautiful; lovely; modifier form of 아름답다

땅을

ttangeul — Land; ground; earth; object marker attached

발견했다

balgyeonhaetda — Discovered; found; past tense of 발견하다

그가

geuga — He (subject marker); third-person male singular subject

가는

ganeun — Going; present modifier form of 가다

곳마다

gotmada — Everywhere; every place; each place visited

넓고

neolgo — Wide and; connective form of 넓다

평평한

pyeongpyeonghan — Flat; level; even; modifier form of 평평하다

훌륭한

hullyunghan — Excellent; splendid; magnificent; modifier form

곡식밭과

goksikbatgwa — Grain fields and; crop fields with additive conjunction

풍요로운

pungyoroun — Abundant; rich; prosperous; modifier form of 풍요롭다

목초지가

mokchojiga — Pasture (subject marker); grazing land as subject

있었지만

isseotjiman — There was but; past tense concessive form of 있다

살아있는

sarainnеun — Living; alive; present modifier of 살아있다

사람은

sarameun — Person (topic marker); human being as topic

한

han — One; a single; numeral determiner

명도

myeongdo — Not even one person; counter for people with 도

눈에

nune — In (one's) eyes; within sight; locative on 눈

띄지

tteuiji — Not catch the eye; negative connective of 띄다

않았다

anатda — Did not; past tense negative auxiliary

시작했지만

sijakаetjiman — Started but; past tense concessive of 시작하다

아직

ajik — Still; yet; not yet; indicating ongoing state

충분히

chungbunhi — Sufficiently; enough; adequately

보지

boji — Not see; negative connective form of 보다

못했다고

motaetdago — Said could not; reported past inability form

생각했고

saenggakaetgo — Thought and (then); past tense connective of 생각하다

사람을

sarameul — Person (object marker); human being as object

만날

mannal — To meet; encounter; future modifier of 만나다

없는지

eopneуnji — Whether there is not; embedded negative question form

보기

bogi — Seeing; looking; nominalized form of 보다

위해

wihae — For the sake of; in order to; purpose marker

조금

jogeuma — A little; a bit; small amount

더

deo — More; further; additional; comparative adverb

걷고

геotgo — Walking and; connective form of 걷다

싶었다

sipeotda — Wanted to; past tense of 싶다 (desire)

얼마

eolma — How much; a certain amount; some

후

hu — After; later; subsequent time

길에

gire — On the road/path; locative marker attached to 길

이르렀는데

ireuрeonnеunde — Arrived at and; reached a place; past connective form

길은

gireun — The road (topic marker); path or way as topic

너무나

neomuna — So very; extremely; overly; intensified 너무

매끄럽고

maekkeureupgo — Smooth and; connective form of 매끄럽다

평탄하여

pyeongtanhayeo — Being flat/even; connective form of 평탄하다

달걀을

dalggyareul — Egg (object marker); a chicken egg as object

굴려도

gullyeodo — Even if rolled; concessive connective of 굴리다

될

doel — Will/would do; future modifier of 되다

정도였다

jeongdoyeotda — It was to the extent/degree of; past degree expression