Enquire within upon everything: The great Victorian-era domestic standby — Page 9

Vocabulary

LA

French definite article, feminine singular: the.

VIE

Life; one's existence or way of living.

DOUBLÉE

Doubled; increased twofold in amount or value.

PAR

By or through; indicates means or agency.

L'

Contracted definite article used before vowels.

ÉCONOMIE

Economy; thrift or management of resources wisely.

DU

Contracted article meaning 'of the' (masculine).

TEMPS

Time; the ongoing sequence of moments and duration.

et

And; basic coordinating conjunction joining elements.

COMMENT

How; asking or explaining the manner of something.

UN

A or an; indefinite article, masculine singular.

EST

Is; third-person singular present of 'être'.

DEVENU

Become; past participle of 'devenir', to become.

MILLE

Thousand; the cardinal number 1000.

LIVRES

Pounds; unit of currency or weight measurement.

Le

The; masculine singular definite article in French.

premier

First; the ordinal number indicating initial position.

de

Of or from; very common French preposition.

ces

These or those; plural demonstrative adjective.

ouvrages

Works or books; literary or artistic productions.

enseigne

Teaches or instructs; third-person singular present tense.

la

The; feminine singular definite article in French.

Valeur

Value or worth; importance or monetary equivalent.

des

Of the; plural or partitive article in French.

Instants

Moments or instants; very brief periods of time.

montre

Shows or demonstrates; third-person singular present verb.

comment

How; introduces manner or method of something.

Vie

Life; one's existence or daily living experience.

peut

Can or may; third-person singular of 'pouvoir'.

être

To be; fundamental infinitive verb of existence.

abrégée

Shortened or abbreviated; reduced in length or duration.

par

By or through; preposition indicating means or agency.

une

A or an; feminine indefinite article in French.

négligence

Negligence; careless lack of attention or diligence.

insouciante

Carefree or heedless; showing no concern or worry.

envers

Toward or with regard to; preposition of relation.

les

The; definite article used with plural nouns.

riens

Trifles or nothings; small insignificant things or details.

du

Of the; masculine singular contracted article.

temps

Time or weather; duration or atmospheric conditions.

le

The; masculine singular definite article in French.

second

Second; the ordinal number following the first.

poursuit

Pursues or continues; third-person singular present tense.

un

A or one; masculine indefinite article or numeral.

argument

Argument; a reasoned case supporting a point.

similaire

Similar; resembling or alike in nature or kind.

en

In or by; common French preposition of location.

ce

This or that; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun.

qui

Who or which; relative or interrogative pronoun.

concerne

Concerns or relates to; third-person singular verb.

l'

Contracted definite article before vowel sounds.

Argent

Money or silver; currency or the precious metal.

CHOSES

Things; objects, matters, or subjects in general.

MERVEILLEUSES

Marvelous or wonderful; extraordinarily impressive or astonishing things.

offrant

Offering; present participle of 'offrir', to offer.

descriptions

Descriptions; detailed accounts or portrayals of things.

intéressantes

Interesting; engaging or arousing curiosity and attention.

Merveilles

Wonders or marvels; extraordinarily impressive or beautiful things.

toutes

All; feminine plural of 'tout', meaning every.

Nations

Nations; sovereign states or large groups of people.

avec

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or inclusion.

Illustrations

Illustrations; pictures or images clarifying written content.

LE

The; masculine singular definite article in French.

POTEAU

Post or signpost; a vertical pole for signs.

INDICATEUR

Indicator or guide; something pointing out directions or information.

HISTORIQUE

Historical; relating to or concerning history and past events.

donnant

Giving or providing; present participle of 'donner'.

brièvement

Briefly; in a short or concise manner.

mais

But; conjunction expressing contrast or opposition.

clairement

Clearly; in a clear and understandable manner.

sens

Meaning or sense; significance or direction of something.

origine

Origin; the starting point or source of something.

centaines

Hundreds; groups of one hundred or large quantities.

Termes

Terms; specific words or expressions used in context.

Locutions

Locutions; set phrases or idiomatic expressions in language.

Épithètes

Epithets; descriptive words or phrases attached to names.

Allusions

Allusions; indirect references to people, events, or works.

etc

Et cetera; abbreviation meaning and so forth.

rapport

Relation or connection; link between things or subjects.

Histoire

History or story; the record of past events.

Politique

Politics or policy; governance and political affairs.

Théologie

Theology; the study of religion and divine matters.

Droit

Law or right; legal system or entitlement.

Commerce

Commerce or trade; buying and selling of goods.

Littérature

Literature; written works of artistic or intellectual value.

Armée

Army; organized military land force of a nation.

Marine

Navy; naval forces or relating to the sea.

Arts

Arts; creative disciplines including painting, music, literature.

Sciences

Sciences; systematic study of the natural world.

Géographie

Geography; study of Earth's lands, features, and peoples.

Tradition

Tradition; customs or beliefs passed down through generations.

Caractéristiques

Characteristics; distinguishing features or qualities of something.

Nationales

National; relating to or belonging to a nation.

Sociales

Social; relating to society and human interaction.

Personnelles

Personal; relating to an individual's own affairs.

TABLE

Table; a flat surface or organized list of contents.

DES

Of the; plural contracted article in French.

MATIÈRES

Subjects or matters; topics covered in a work.

ALTÉRATIONS

Alterations or adulterations; changes made to substances.

ALIMENTS

Foods or foodstuffs; nourishing substances consumed for sustenance.

TESTS

Tests; examinations or trials to assess quality.

POUR

For or in order to; French preposition of purpose.

BOISSONS

Drinks or beverages; liquids consumed for hydration or pleasure.

PRÉPARATION

Preparation; the process of making something ready beforehand.

ET

And; coordinating conjunction joining words or phrases.

RECETTES

Recipes; instructions for preparing food or drinks.

ÉLEVAGE

Breeding or raising; the rearing of animals.

D'

Of; contracted preposition before a vowel sound.

OISEAUX

Birds; feathered winged animals of the class Aves.

ABEILLES

Bees; flying insects known for producing honey.

DE

Of or from; fundamental French preposition.

VOLAILLES

Poultry; domesticated birds raised for food or eggs.

DÉCOUPE

Carving or cutting; the act of cutting food portions.

DISPOSITION

Arrangement or layout; the way things are organized.

À

At, to, or for; common French preposition.

DÎNER

Dinner; the main evening meal of the day.

ETC

Et cetera; and so on, indicating more items.

ENFANTS

Children; young persons below the age of adulthood.

GESTION

Management; the process of handling or overseeing something.

CHOIX

Choice or selection; the act of choosing options.

ACHATS

Purchases; items bought or the act of buying.

CONFISERIE

Confectionery; sweets, candies, and sweet food products.

GÂTEAUX

Cakes; sweet baked desserts often frosted or layered.

GELÉES

Jellies; semi-solid sweet or savory food preparations.

FRIANDISES

Treats or sweets; small delicious candies or delicacies.

CONSEILS

Advice or tips; recommendations guiding decisions or actions.

COMMERCIAUX

Commercial; relating to business, trade, or commerce.

MONÉTAIRES

Monetary; relating to money or financial currency systems.

MAXIMES

Maxims; short statements expressing general truths or rules.

BIEN

Well or good; indicating quality or doing something correctly.

PARLER

To speak; the infinitive of the verb to talk.

SUR

On or about; preposition indicating position or topic.

ÉCRITURE

Writing; the act or style of written expression.

DÉCORATION

Decoration; ornamental embellishment of spaces or objects.

PEINTURE

Painting; applying paint to surfaces as art or decoration.

TEINTURE

Dyeing; the process of coloring fabric or materials.

DORURE

Gilding; applying gold coating to surfaces or objects.

DESTRUCTION

Destruction; the act of causing complete ruin or annihilation.

NUISIBLES

Harmful or pest; creatures or things causing damage.

ANIMAUX

Animals; living creatures distinct from plants or humans.

VÊTEMENTS

Clothing or garments; items worn to cover the body.

ARRANGEMENT

Arrangement; the organized placement or ordering of things.

ENTRETIEN

Maintenance or upkeep; keeping something in good condition.

DÉGRAISSAGE

Degreasing; the removal of grease or stains from fabric.

NETTOYAGE

Cleaning; the process of making something clean and tidy.

OPÉRATIONS

Operations; procedures or processes carried out systematically.

BLANCHISSERIE

Laundry; the washing and cleaning of clothes and linens.

URGENCES

Emergencies; urgent situations requiring immediate attention or action.

ACCIDENTS

Accidents; unexpected events causing harm or damage.

NOYADE

Drowning; death or near-death by submersion in water.

INCENDIE

Fire; a destructive burning of buildings or areas.

ÉTIQUETTE

Etiquette; rules of polite behavior in social settings.

FORMES

Forms or formalities; established ways of conducting social interactions.

CÉRÉMONIES

Ceremonies; formal events performed on special occasions.

DIVERSES

Various or diverse; of different kinds or varieties.

SORTES

Sorts or kinds; categories or types of things.

SELON

According to or depending on; preposition of reference.

SAISON

Season; one of the four periods of the year.

TRAVAUX

Works or tasks; labor or projects undertaken with effort.

AIGUILLE

Needle; a thin pointed tool used in sewing.

FANTAISIE

Fancy or fantasy; imaginative or decorative creative work.

COMBUSTIBLE

Fuel; material that burns to produce heat or energy.

ÉCLAIRAGE

Lighting; the provision of light in a space.