Frankenstein; or, the modern prometheus — Page 4

Vocabulary

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun or title of respect.

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or calculate something mentally.

หรือ

rue — Or; used to present alternatives or questions.

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle used before verbs or adjectives.

เพื่อน

phuean — Friend; a person with whom one has friendship.

ของ

khong — Of; possessive particle indicating ownership or belonging.

เขา

khao — He, she, they; third-person pronoun for people.

พูด

phut — To speak, talk, or say something verbally.

กับ

kap — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or association with someone.

ว่า

wa — That; conjunction introducing reported speech or thoughts.

จะ

cha — Will; future tense marker or intention indicator.

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; indicates necessity or obligation.

จ่าย

chai — To pay money for goods or services.

ค่า

kha — Fee, cost, charge; value or price of something.

เช่า

chao — To rent, lease, or hire something temporarily.

สาม

sam — Three; the number 3 in Thai.

เดือน

duean — Month; a calendar period of approximately thirty days.

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words, phrases, or clauses.

สูญเสีย

sun sia — To lose something; to suffer loss or deprivation.

ผลผลิต

phon phalit — Product, output, yield; especially from agriculture or production.

จาก

chak — From; preposition indicating origin, source, or separation.

สวน

suan — Garden, orchard, park; cultivated area with plants.

ฉัน

chan — I, me; first-person pronoun, often used by females.

ประสงค์

prasong — To wish, desire, intend; formal expression of intention.

ใช้

chai — To use, utilize, or employ something for purpose.

ประโยชน์

prayot — Benefit, advantage, usefulness; something that helps or aids.

อย่าง

yang — Manner, kind, type; like, as; way of doing.

เป็นธรรม

pen tham — Fair, just, righteous; in accordance with justice.

ขอร้อง

kho rong — To request, beg, plead; to ask earnestly.

ดังนั้น

dang nan — Therefore, thus, consequently; indicating a logical conclusion.

ให้

hai — To give, let, allow; causative verb marker.

เวลา

wela — Time; duration or specific moment in hours/days.

สัก

sak — About, approximately; particle indicating estimation or indefiniteness.

สอง

song — Two; the number 2 in Thai.

วัน

wan — Day; a 24-hour period or daytime.

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to, for the purpose of; preposition.

พิจารณา

phicharana — To consider, examine, deliberate; to think carefully about.

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix; turns verbs into nouns or gerunds.

ตัดสินใจ

tat sin chai — To decide, make a decision; to determine choice.

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for animals or things.

ไร้

rai — Without, lacking, devoid of; absence of something.

โดย

doi — By; preposition indicating agent, means, or method.

สิ้นเชิง

sin choeng — Completely, totally, utterly; to the fullest extent.

ตอบ

top — To answer, reply, respond to a question.

เรา

rao — We, us; first-person plural pronoun or informal I.

สามารถ

samат — Can, able to; indicating ability or capability.

อาศัย

asai — To live, reside, dwell; to depend on.

อยู่

yu — To be located, live, stay; progressive aspect marker.

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; preposition indicating location or containment.

กระท่อม

krathom — Hut, shack, cabin; small simple dwelling structure.

ได้

dai — Can, able; past tense marker; to get.

อีก

ik — More, again, another; additional or repeated instance.

เลย

loei — At all; emphasis particle indicating extremity or negation.

ชีวิต

chiwit — Life; existence or way of living.

พ่อ

pho — Father, dad; male parent or respectful term.

ตก

tok — To fall, drop; to descend or decrease.

อันตราย

antarai — Danger, peril, hazard; risk of harm or injury.

ยิ่ง

ying — More, even more; emphasizing increase or comparison.

เนื่องจาก

nueangjak — Because, due to; indicating cause or reason.

สถานการณ์

sathankam — Situation, circumstance, condition; state of affairs or events.

อัน

an — Classifier for items; one (formal or literary).

น่า

na — Worth, deserving; prefix making adjectives expressing likelihood or worth.

สะพรึงกลัว

saphrüeng klua — Terrified, horrified, frightened; extremely scared or shocked.

ที่

thi — That, which, where; relative pronoun or place marker.

เล่า

lao — To tell, narrate, recount; to relate a story.

ฟัง

fang — To listen, hear; to pay attention to sound.

ภรรยา

phanya — Wife; married woman in relation to her spouse.

น้องสาว

nong sao — Younger sister; female sibling who is younger.

มี

mi — To have, possess; there is, there are.

หาย

hai — To disappear, vanish; to be lost or gone.

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix; creates abstract nouns from adjectives/verbs.

สยดสยอง

sayot sayong — Horrible, horrifying, gruesome; causing intense fear or disgust.

พวก

phuak — Group, bunch; classifier for groups of people.

อย่า

ya — Don't; negative imperative prohibiting an action.

เหตุผล

hetphon — Reason, rationale, logic; cause or justification for something.

ต่อ

to — To continue, connect; next, further; preposition meaning toward.

ไป

pai — To go; directional verb indicating movement away.

จง

chong — Should, must; imperative particle urging or commanding action.

ครอบครอง

khrop khrong — To possess, own, occupy; to have control over.

อยู่อาศัย

yu asai — To reside, dwell, live; to inhabit a place.

ปล่อย

ploi — To release, let go, free; to allow something.

หนี

ni — To flee, escape, run away; to avoid.

สถานที่

sathanthi — Place, location, site; area or position where something.

แห่ง

haeng — Of; classifier for places or formal possessive marker.

นี้

ni — This; demonstrative pronoun indicating proximity or present item.

สั่น

san — To shake, tremble, vibrate; to quiver involuntarily.

สะท้าน

sathan — To shake, tremble; to vibrate or reverberate strongly.

รุนแรง

runraeng — Violent, severe, intense; extreme in force or degree.

ขณะ

khana — Moment, while, time; during a particular period.

เช่น

chen — Such as, like, for example; indicating similarity.

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun indicating distance or previously mentioned.

เข้า

khao — To enter, go in; directional verb meaning inward.

ซึ่ง

süng — Which, that; relative pronoun for formal or written.

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; indicating limitation or exclusivity.

กี่

ki — How many, how much; interrogative for quantity.

นาที

nathi — Minute; unit of time equal to sixty seconds.

แล้ว

laeo — Already, completed; perfective aspect marker indicating past action.

ก็

ko — Then, also, too; particle indicating consequence or emphasis.

เคย

khoei — Ever, used to; indicating past experience or habit.

เห็น

hen — To see, perceive visually; to witness or observe.

ใคร

khrai — Who, whom; interrogative pronoun for asking about people.

ครอบครัว

khrop khrua — Family; group of related people living together.

เป็น

pen — To be; copula linking subject and predicate.

เหลือ

luea — To remain, be left over; excessive or remaining.

สภาพ

saphap — Condition, state, situation; physical or mental status.

สิ้นหวัง

sin wang — Hopeless, despairing, desperate; without hope or expectation.

โง่เขลา

ngo khlao — Foolish, stupid, idiotic; lacking intelligence or good judgment.

ผู้

phu — Person, one who; prefix forming agent nouns.

ปกป้อง

pok pong — To protect, defend, safeguard; to shield from harm.

ตัด

tat — To cut, sever; to trim or divide.

ขาด

khat — To lack, be deficient; to tear or break.

สาย

sai — String, line, wire; connection or relationship link.

สัมพันธ์

samphan — Relationship, connection; association or correlation between things/people.

เดียว

diao — Single, only, sole; one and the same.

เชื่อมโยง

chüeam yong — To connect, link, associate; to join or relate.

โลก

lok — World, earth; global sphere or human society.

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, occasion; classifier for instances or events.

แรก

raek — First, initial; earliest in sequence or time.

รู้สึก

ru suek — To feel, sense; to be aware of emotions.

แก้แค้น

kae khaen — To revenge, take vengeance; to retaliate against wrongdoing.

เกลียดชัง

kliat chang — To hate, detest; intense dislike or hostility toward.

เต็ม

tem — Full, filled; complete or at maximum capacity.

หัวใจ

hua chai — Heart; organ or center of emotions and feelings.

พยายาม

phayayam — To try, attempt, make effort; to strive toward.

ควบคุม

khuap khum — To control, manage, regulate; to have authority over.

แต่

tae — But, however; conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals or oneself.

เอง

eng — Self, oneself; emphatic particle indicating the subject itself.

ถูก

thuk — Correct, right; passive marker; to be affected by.

ตาม

tam — To follow, according to; along or in pursuit.

กระแส

krasae — Current, flow, stream; trend or movement of water.

น้ำ

nam — Water; liquid essential for life or beverages.

หัน

han — To turn, rotate; to change direction or orientation.

สู่

su — To, toward; preposition indicating direction or destination.

ทำร้าย

tham rai — To harm, hurt, injure; to cause physical damage.

ตาย

tai — To die, dead; to cease living or functioning.