History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 1 — Page 2
Chapter IV: The Cruelty, Follies And Murder Of Commodus.—Part II.
第四章：コンモドゥスの残虐、愚行、および殺害。―第二部。
Chapter V: Sale Of The Empire To Didius Julianus.—Part I.
第五章：ディディウス・ユリアヌスへの帝国の売却。―第一部。
Public Sale Of The Empire To Didius Julianus By The Prætorian Guards—Clodius Albinus In Britain, Pescennius Niger In Syria, And Septimius Severus In Pannonia, Declare Against The Murderers Of Pertinax—Civil Wars And Victory Of Severus Over His Three Rivals—Relaxation Of Discipline—New Maxims Of Government.
近衛兵によるディディウス・ユリアヌスへの帝国の公開売却―ブリタニアのクロディウス・アルビヌス、シリアのペスケンニウス・ニゲル、パンノニアのセプティミウス・セウェルスがペルティナクスの暗殺者に対して宣戦を布告―内戦とセウェルスの三人の競争相手に対する勝利―軍紀の弛緩―新たな統治の原則。
Chapter V: Sale Of The Empire To Didius Julianus.—Part II.
第五章：ディディウス・ユリアヌスへの帝国の売却。―第二部。
Chapter VI: Death Of Severus, Tyranny Of Caracalla, Usurpation Of Marcinus.—Part I.
第六章：セウェルスの死、カラカラの暴政、マクリヌスの簒奪。―第一部。
The Death Of Severus.—Tyranny Of Caracalla.—Usurpation Of Macrinus.—Follies Of Elagabalus.—Virtues Of Alexander Severus.—Licentiousness Of The Army.—General State Of The Roman Finances.
セウェルスの死。―カラカラの暴政。―マクリヌスの簒奪。―エラガバルスの愚行。―アレクサンデル・セウェルスの美徳。―軍の放縦。―ローマの財政の全般的状況。
Chapter VI: Death Of Severus, Tyranny Of Caracalla, Usurpation Of Marcinus.—Part II.
第六章：セウェルスの死、カラカラの暴政、マクリヌスの簒奪。―第二部。
Chapter VI: Death Of Severus, Tyranny Of Caracalla, Usurpation Of Marcinus.—Part III.
第六章：セウェルスの死、カラカラの暴政、マクリヌスの簒奪。―第三部。
Chapter VI: Death Of Severus, Tyranny Of Caracalla, Usurpation Of Marcinus.—Part IV.
第六章：セウェルスの死、カラカラの暴政、マクリヌスの簒奪。―第四部。
Chapter VII: Tyranny Of Maximin, Rebellion, Civil Wars, Death Of Maximin.—Part I.
第七章：マクシミヌスの暴政、反乱、内戦、マクシミヌスの死。―第一部。
The Elevation And Tyranny Of Maximin.—Rebellion In Africa And Italy, Under The Authority Of The Senate.—Civil Wars And Seditions.—Violent Deaths Of Maximin And His Son, Of Maximus And Balbinus, And Of The Three Gordians.— Usurpation And Secular Games Of Philip.
マクシミヌスの台頭と暴政。―元老院の権威のもとにおけるアフリカとイタリアの反乱。―内戦と反乱。―マクシミヌスとその息子、マクシムスとバルビヌス、および三人のゴルディアヌスの暴力的な死。―フィリップスの簒奪と世俗競技会。
Chapter VII: Tyranny Of Maximin, Rebellion, Civil Wars, Death Of Maximin.—Part II.
第七章：マクシミヌスの暴政、反乱、内戦、マクシミヌスの死。―第二部。
Chapter VII: Tyranny Of Maximin, Rebellion, Civil Wars, Death Of Maximin.—Part III.
第七章：マクシミヌスの暴政、反乱、内戦、マクシミヌスの死。―第三部。
Chapter VIII: State Of Persia And Restoration Of The Monarchy.
第八章：ペルシアの状況と王政の復活。
Vocabulary
- 第四章
- dai yon shō — Chapter Four; fourth chapter of a book
- の
- no — Possessive or descriptive particle linking nouns
- 残虐
- zangyaku — Cruelty, brutality, savage and inhumane behavior
- 愚行
- gukō — Foolish act, stupid or reckless behavior
- および
- oyobi — And, as well as; formal conjunction linking items
- 殺害
- satsugai — Murder, killing, deliberate taking of a life
- 第二部
- dai ni bu — Part Two; second major section of a work
- 第五章
- dai go shō — Chapter Five; fifth chapter of a book
- へ
- e — Directional particle meaning 'to' or 'toward'
- 帝国
- teikoku — Empire; a large state ruled by an emperor
- 売却
- baikyaku — Sale, selling off of property or assets
- 第一部
- dai ichi bu — Part One; first major section of a work
- 近衛兵
- konoehei — Imperial guard soldiers protecting the emperor
- に
- ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or agent
- よる
- yoru — To be due to; caused by, resulting from
- 公開
- kōkai — Public disclosure, opening something to the public
- シリア
- Shiria — Syria, historical Middle Eastern region and province
- が
- ga — Subject marker particle highlighting the grammatical subject
- 暗殺者
- ansatsusha — Assassin, person who murders a prominent figure
- 対して
- taishite — Against, toward; indicating opposition or direction
- 宣戦
- sensen — Declaration of war; formally announcing armed conflict
- を
- o — Object marker particle indicating the direct object
- 布告
- fukoku — Proclamation, official public announcement or decree
- 内戦
- naisen — Civil war; armed conflict within a single country
- と
- to — And; with; quotation particle connecting nouns or clauses
- 三人
- sannin — Three people; a group of three persons
- 競争相手
- kyōsō aite — Rival, competitor; person competing against another
- 対する
- taisuru — Against, toward; opposing or directed at something
- 勝利
- shōri — Victory, triumph; successfully winning a contest
- 軍紀
- gunki — Military discipline; order and rules within an army
- 弛緩
- shikan — Relaxation, slackening; loosening of tension or discipline
- 新た
- arata — New, fresh; something newly introduced or established
- な
- na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns
- 統治
- tōchi — Governance, rule; administering control over a territory
- 原則
- gensoku — Principle, rule; fundamental guideline for conduct
- 第六章
- dai roku shō — Chapter Six; sixth chapter of a book
- 死
- shi — Death; the end of life
- 暴政
- bōsei — Tyranny, despotism; cruel and oppressive government
- 簒奪
- sandatsu — Usurpation; illegally seizing power or a throne
- 美徳
- bitoku — Virtue, moral excellence; admirable personal qualities
- 軍
- gun — Military, army; organized armed forces of a nation
- 放縦
- hōjū — Licentiousness, indulgence; lack of moral restraint
- ローマ
- Rōma — Rome; ancient city and center of the Roman Empire
- 財政
- zaisei — Public finance, fiscal affairs; management of funds
- 全般的
- zenpanteki — General, overall; relating to the whole situation
- 状況
- jōkyō — Situation, circumstances; current state of affairs
- 第三部
- dai san bu — Part Three; third major section of a work
- 第四部
- dai shi bu — Part Four; fourth major section of a work
- 第七章
- dai nana shō — Chapter Seven; seventh chapter of a book
- 反乱
- hanran — Rebellion, revolt; uprising against established authority
- 台頭
- taitō — Rise to power; emergence of a person or force
- 元老院
- genrōin — Senate; legislative council in ancient Rome
- 権威
- ken'i — Authority, prestige; recognized power to command others
- もと
- moto — Under, based on; governed or guided by something
- おける
- okeru — In, at; occurring within a particular context
- アフリカ
- Afurika — Africa; continent or Roman province of North Africa
- イタリア
- Itaria — Italy; peninsula in southern Europe, heart of Rome
- その
- sono — That, those; demonstrative referring to previously mentioned
- 息子
- musuko — Son; male offspring of a parent
- 暴力的
- bōryokuteki — Violent; characterized by or involving physical force
- 世俗
- sezoku — Secular, worldly; relating to non-religious civil life
- 競技会
- kyōgikai — Athletic games, competition event; public sporting contest
- 第八章
- dai hachi shō — Chapter Eight; eighth chapter of a book
- ペルシア
- Perushia — Persia; ancient empire in present-day Iran
- 王政
- ōsei — Monarchy; system of government ruled by a king
- 復活
- fukkatsu — Revival, restoration; bringing something back to existence
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