History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 1 — Page 7

Vocabulary

이러한

ireuhan — Such, this kind of; referring to previously mentioned things

설계의

seolgyeui — Of design or planning; relating to a scheme

범위와

beomwuiwa — Scope and; range combined with something else

조화는

johwaneun — Harmony is; the balance or accord (topic marker)

의심할

uisimhal — To doubt; questionable, able to be doubted

여지

yeoji — Room, margin, or leeway for something

없이

eopsi — Without; in the absence of something

작품을

jakpumeul — Work or piece; literary or artistic creation (object marker)

다른

dareun — Other, different; not the same as this

모든

modeun — All, every; referring to the entire set

위대한

widaehan — Great, grand; of remarkable importance or stature

역사적

yeoksajeok — Historical; relating to or characteristic of history

저술들과

jeosuldeulgwa — Writings and; scholarly works combined with others

구별

gubyeol — Distinction, differentiation; telling apart from others

짓는

jinneun — Making, forming; creating or building something

것이다

geosida — It is the thing that; declarative sentence-ending form

그는

geuneun — He (topic); referring to a previously mentioned male

고대와

godaewa — Ancient times and; antiquity combined with something

근대

geundae — Modern era; the early modern or modern historical period

사이의

saiui — Between; in the middle or gap of two things

심연을

simyeoneul — Abyss, chasm; a deep gulf or void (object marker)

최초로

choechorо — For the first time; as the earliest occurrence

이어

ieo — Connecting, bridging; linking two things together

역사의

yeoksaui — Of history; belonging to or relating to history

두

du — Two; the number two used before a noun

세계를

segyereul — World (object marker); the world as a whole

하나로

hanarо — Into one; combining into a single unified entity

연결하였다

yeongyeolhayeotda — Connected, linked; joined two things together (past tense)

고전

gojeon — Classic, classical; works or era of established importance

역사가들이

yeoksagadeuri — Historians (subject marker); people who study and write history

역사가들에

yeoksagadeule — To historians; indicating direction or comparison toward historians

비해

bihae — Compared to; in comparison with something else

갖는

gatneun — Having, possessing; holding or owning something (present tense)

큰

keun — Big, large, great; of considerable size or importance

장점은

jangjeomeun — Advantage is; a strong point or merit (topic marker)

계획의

gyehoegui — Of a plan; relating to planning or a scheme

통일성에

tongilseonge — In unity; in the quality of being unified or consistent

있으며

isseuumyeo — Exists and; there is, with continuation to next clause

이는

ineun — This is; referring to something just mentioned (topic marker)

물론

mullon — Of course, naturally; needless to say

그들의

geudeului — Their; possessive form of 'they'

연구가

yeonguga — Research, study; scholarly investigation (subject marker)

한정된

hanjeongdoen — Limited, restricted; confined within certain boundaries

더

deo — More; to a greater degree or extent

좁은

jobeun — Narrow, small; limited in width or scope

범위에

beomwiе — Within scope; in the range or extent of something

의해

uihae — By means of; through the agency of something

크게

keuge — Greatly, largely; to a significant degree

용이해진

yongihaeijn — Became easier; facilitated or made more convenient (past tense)

제외하고

jeoehaго — Excluding, except for; leaving something out

역사가들

yeoksagadeul — Historians; people who research and write about history

우리는

urineun — We (topic marker); referring to the speaker's group

같은

gateun — Same, like; similar to or identical with something

보다

boda — More than; used for comparisons indicating greater degree

근대적인

geundaejeoin — Modern, contemporary; characteristic of the modern period

편찬자들을

pyeonchanjaDeureul — Compilers (object marker); those who compile or edit works

제외한다

jeoeanda — Exclude; to leave out or omit (present tense)

은

eun — Topic marker; particle indicating the sentence's topic

단일한

danilhan — Single, unified; consisting of only one element

시기에

sigіе — In a period; at a specific time or era

혹은

hogeun — Or; presenting an alternative option or possibility

적어도

jeogeodo — At least; not less than a minimum amount

사무의

samuui — Of affairs, matters; relating to official or civil business

축소된

chuksodoen — Reduced, diminished; made smaller in scale or scope

영역에

yeongyeoge — In a domain; within a field, area, or territory

스스로를

seuseureureul — Oneself (object marker); referring reflexively to the subject

한정하였다

hanjeonghayeotda — Limited, restricted; confined or bounded (past tense)

야만인들이

yamanindeuri — Barbarians (subject marker); uncivilized outsiders in historical context

경계

gyeonggye — Boundary, border; the line dividing two areas

안으로

aneurо — Into the inside; moving inward toward the interior

침입하거나

chimiphageona — Invade or; to intrude or encroach upon territory

정치와

jeongchiwa — Politics and; matters of governance combined with something

필연적으로

Inevitably, necessarily; in a way that cannot be avoided

뒤섞이는

dwiseokkineun — Mixing, intermingling; becoming entangled or blended together

한에서

haneseo — As long as, insofar as; within the limits of a condition

범위

beomwi — Scope, range; the extent or boundary of something

안에

ane — Inside, within; in the interior of something

받아들여졌다

badadeullyeojyeotda — Was accepted, included; admitted into a group (past passive)

그러나

geureona — However, but; introducing a contrasting statement

있어서는

isseoseoneun — As for; in the case of, when it comes to

후자의

hujаui — Of the latter; referring to the second of two things

침공을

chimgongeul — Invasion (object marker); a military attack on a territory

제외하면

jeoehаmyeon — If excluding; except when leaving something out

곧

got — Soon; immediately or in a short time

세계였다

segyeyeotda — Was the world; constituted the entire known world (past tense)

자연적인

jayeonjeoin — Natural; occurring by nature without artificial influence

통일성은

tongilseongeun — Unity is; the state of being unified (topic marker)

서술을

seosureul — Narrative (object marker); an account or description of events

거의

geoui — Almost, nearly; very close to but not completely

연대기적

yeondaegijeok — Chronological; arranged in order of time or dates

순서에

sunsеoe — In order; in a sequence or arranged progression

한정시켰으며

hanjeongsikyeosseuumyeo — Restricted and; confined to limits with continuation to next clause

삽화들은

saphwadeureun — Episodes, digressions (topic); illustrative stories or incidents

드물게

deumulge — Rarely, seldom; not occurring very often

발생하였고

balsaenghayeotgo — Occurred and; happened or arose (past tense, continuing)

극히

geuki — Extremely, exceedingly; to the highest possible degree

간결하였다

gangyeolhayeotda — Was concise; brief and clearly expressed (past tense)

역사가들에게도

yeoksagadeulеgedo — To historians also; for historians as well (dative)

그

geu — That, the; a demonstrative or definite article-like word

방향은

banghyangeun — Direction is; the course or orientation (topic marker)

마찬가지로

machanガjiro — Likewise, similarly; in the same way as before

명확하고

myeonghwakаgo — Clear and; unambiguous, evident, continuing to next clause

분명하였다

bunmyeonghayeotda — Was obvious; plain and evident (past tense)

통일의

tongilui — Of unity; relating to unification or consolidation

중심이었다

jungsimiyeotda — Was the center; served as the focal point (past tense)

지배의

jibaеui — Of domination; relating to rule or control over others

원이

woni — Circle (subject marker); a round boundary or domain

주위로

juwiro — Around, outward; spreading to the surrounding area

펼쳐진

pyeolchyeojin — Spread out, extended; expanded over a wide area

균일함과

gyunilhamgwa — Uniformity and; the quality of being consistent combined with

시민

simin — Citizen; a member of a state or civic community

정체가

jeongchega — Polity, political system (subject); form of government or constitution

확장된

hwakjangdoen — Expanded; increased in size, scope, or territory

규칙성은

gyuchikseонgeun — Regularity is; the quality of being orderly (topic marker)

말하자면

malhаjamyeon — So to speak; in other words, as it were

역사가에게

yeoksagaеge — To the historian; dative form indicating the historian as recipient

자신의

jasinui — One's own; possessive referring back to the subject

주제로

jujеro — As the subject; as the main topic or theme

선언한

seоneоnhan — Declared; announced or proclaimed as a statement

계획

gyehoek — Plan, scheme; an organized method or design

즉

jeuk — That is, namely; used to clarify or specify what was said

전

jeon — All, entire; the whole of something

세계가

segyega — The world (subject marker); the entire world as subject

지배에

jibaee — Under domination; subject to rule or control

복속하게

boksokаge — To submit, be subjugated; to come under another's rule

된

doen — Became; past tense modifier of becoming or resulting

수단과

sudangwa — Means and; methods or instruments combined with something

방식을

bangsigеul — Method (object marker); a way or manner of doing things

강요하였다

gangyohayeotda — Imposed, forced; compelled someone to do something (past tense)

왕국들의

wanggukdeului — Of kingdoms; possessive referring to multiple kingdoms

복잡한

bokjapan — Complex, complicated; involving many intricate parts

정치는

jeongchineun — Politics (topic marker); the system of governance as topic

얼마나

eolmana — How much, how; used in exclamations of degree

달랐던가

dallattеonga — How different it was; exclamatory past tense of 'to be different'