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English → Japanese CHAPTER III. Level 9/10

AGGREGATION OF THE PROTOPLASM WITHIN THE CELLS OF THE TENTACLES.

触手の細胞内における原形質の凝集。

Nature of the contents of the cells before aggregation—Various causes which excite aggregation—The process commences within the glands and travels down the tentacles— Description of the aggregated masses and of their spontaneous movements—Currents of protoplasm along the walls of the cells—Action of carbonate of ammonia—The granules in the protoplasm which flows along the walls coalesce with the central masses—Minuteness of the quantity of carbonate of ammonia causing aggregation—Action of other salts of ammonia—Of other substances, organic fluids, &c.—Of water—Of heat—Redissolution of the aggregated masses—Proximate causes of the aggregation of the protoplasm—Summary and concluding remarks—Supplementary observations on aggregation in the roots of plants.

凝集前の細胞内容物の性質―凝集を引き起こす様々な原因―そのプロセスは腺内で始まり触手を下って進む―凝集塊の描写およびその自発的運動―細胞壁に沿った原形質の流れ―炭酸アンモニウムの作用―壁に沿って流れる原形質中の顆粒が中心塊と合体する現象―凝集を引き起こす炭酸アンモニウムの量の微少さ―アンモニウムの他の塩類の作用―その他の物質、有機液体など―水の作用―熱の作用―凝集塊の再溶解―原形質凝集の近接原因―要約と結論的考察―植物の根における凝集に関する補足的観察。

Vocabulary

触手
shokushu — Tentacle or feeler-like appendage of organisms.
細胞
saibou — Cell; basic structural and functional unit of life.
おける
okeru — To place; to be located (formal/written form).
内容物
naiyou-butsu — Contents; material contained within something.
性質
seishitsu — Nature; quality; characteristic or property of something.
引き起こす
hiki-okosu — To cause; to bring about or trigger.
様々
sama-zama — Various; diverse; many different kinds of.
原因
gen-in — Cause; reason; origin of something.
その
sono — That; that particular (demonstrative pronoun).
プロセス
puro-sesu — Process; series of actions or steps.
始まり
hajimari — Beginning; start; the origin of something.
下っ
oritt(a) — To descend; to go down (conditional form).
進む
susumu — To advance; to proceed; to make progress.
描写
byousha — Description; depiction; portrayal of something.
および
oyobi — And; as well as; together with (formal).
自発的
jihatsu-teki — Spontaneous; voluntary; occurring without external cause.
運動
undou — Movement; motion; exercise; physical activity.
細胞壁
saibou-kabe — Cell wall; rigid outer layer of plant cells.
沿っ
sowa(tte) — Along; following the line or direction of.
流れ
nagare — Flow; current; stream of something.
炭酸
tansan — Carbonic acid; carbon dioxide compound.
作用
sayou — Action; effect; function of something.
流れる
nagareru — To flow; to stream; to move continuously.
合体
gattai —
する
suru — To do; to perform; auxiliary verb.
現象
genshou — Phenomenon; observable fact or event.
微少
bishou — Very small; minute; tiny in size.
その他
sono-ta — Other; others; and so on; etc.
物質
busshitsu — Matter; substance; material of which things composed.
有機
yuuki — Organic; relating to living organisms or carbon.
液体
ekitai — Liquid; fluid; state of matter.
など
nado — And so on; et cetera; such as.
溶解
youkai — Dissolution; process of dissolving in liquid.
近接
kinsetsu — Proximity; nearness; closeness in distance.
要約
youyaku — Summary; outline; brief statement of main points.
結論
ketsuron — Conclusion; final decision or judgment.
考察
kousatsu — Consideration; examination; investigation of topic.
植物
shokubutsu — Plant; living organism with roots and leaves.
関する
kan-suru — To relate to; to be concerned with.
補足
hosoku — Supplement; addition; further explanation or information.
観察
kansatsu — Observation; act of watching or monitoring.
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