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English → Vi CHAPTER III. Level 9/10

AGGREGATION OF THE PROTOPLASM WITHIN THE CELLS OF THE TENTACLES.

SỰ KẾT TỤ CỦA CHẤT NGUYÊN SINH BÊN TRONG CÁC TẾ BÀO CỦA NHỮNG SỢI TƠXÚC TU.

Nature of the contents of the cells before aggregation—Various causes which excite aggregation—The process commences within the glands and travels down the tentacles— Description of the aggregated masses and of their spontaneous movements—Currents of protoplasm along the walls of the cells—Action of carbonate of ammonia—The granules in the protoplasm which flows along the walls coalesce with the central masses—Minuteness of the quantity of carbonate of ammonia causing aggregation—Action of other salts of ammonia—Of other substances, organic fluids, &c.—Of water—Of heat—Redissolution of the aggregated masses—Proximate causes of the aggregation of the protoplasm—Summary and concluding remarks—Supplementary observations on aggregation in the roots of plants.

Bản chất của các chất chứa trong tế bào trước khi kết tụ — Các nguyên nhân khác nhau kích thích sự kết tụ — Quá trình bắt đầu bên trong các tuyến và lan xuống các xúc tu — Mô tả các khối kết tụ và những chuyển động tự phát của chúng — Các dòng chảy của chất nguyên sinh dọc theo thành tế bào — Tác động của cacbonat amonia — Các hạt trong chất nguyên sinh chảy dọc theo thành tế bào kết hợp với các khối trung tâm — Lượng cực nhỏ của cacbonat amonia gây ra sự kết tụ — Tác động của các muối amonia khác — Của các chất khác, dịch hữu cơ, v.v. — Của nước — Của nhiệt — Sự tái hòa tan của các khối kết tụ — Nguyên nhân trực tiếp của sự kết tụ chất nguyên sinh — Tóm tắt và nhận xét kết luận — Các quan sát bổ sung về sự kết tụ trong rễ cây.

Vocabulary

SỰ
Noun marker; indicates abstract noun or event occurrence.
KẾT
To tie, bind, or connect together; to result.
TỤ
To gather, assemble, or concentrate in one place.
CỦA
Possessive marker; indicates belonging or relationship.
CHẤT
Substance, matter, material, or quality of something.
NGUYÊN
Original, primitive, or fundamental in nature.
SINH
To produce, generate, or give rise to.
BÊN
Side, direction, or near; in relation to location.
TRONG
Inside, within; preposition indicating location or time period.
CÁC
Plural marker for nouns; indicates multiple items.
TẾ
Cell-related prefix; used in biological and cellular contexts.
BÀO
Cell; basic unit of life in organisms.
NHỮNG
Plural marker; indicates multiple nouns in sentence.
SỢI
Fiber, thread, or strand-like structure.
XÚC
To touch, contact, or stimulate something.
TU
To polish, refine, or cultivate morally.
Bản
Version, edition, or copy of document.
chất
Substance, matter, material, or quality of something.
của
Possessive marker; indicates belonging or relationship.
các
Plural marker for nouns; indicates multiple items.
chứa
To contain, hold, or include something inside.
trong
Inside, within; preposition indicating location or time period.
tế
Cell-related prefix; used in biological and cellular contexts.
bào
Cell; basic unit of life in organisms.
trước
Before, in front of, or previously in time.
khi
When, during, or at the time of occurrence.
kết
To tie, bind, or connect together; to result.
tụ
To gather, assemble, or concentrate in one place.
Các
Plural marker for nouns; indicates multiple items.
nguyên
Original, primitive, or fundamental in nature.
nhân
Cause, reason, or factor contributing to event.
khác
Different, other, or distinct in comparison.
nhau
Each other; reciprocal relationship between multiple items.
kích
To stimulate, provoke, or trigger a response.
thích
To like, prefer, or find something suitable.
sự
Noun marker; indicates abstract noun or event occurrence.
Quá
Too much, excessively, or beyond measure.
trình
Process, procedure, or progression of events.
bắt
To catch, grasp, or begin something.
đầu
Beginning, start, or head of something.
bên
Side, direction, or near; in relation to location.
tuyến
Gland, line, or series in anatomical context.
và
And; conjunction connecting words or phrases together.
lan
To spread, disperse, or distribute widely.
xuống
Down, downward, or in descending direction.
xúc
To touch, contact, or stimulate something.
tu
To polish, refine, or cultivate morally.
Mô
Tissue; group of cells forming body structures.
tả
To describe, portray, or depict in detail.
khối
Mass, block, or large quantity of something.
những
Plural marker; indicates multiple nouns in sentence.
chuyển
To move, change, or transfer to different position.
động
Movement, motion, or action; activity or change.
tự
Self, own, or by oneself automatically.
phát
To emit, release, or distribute spontaneously.
chúng
They, them; third person plural pronoun.
dòng
Stream, flow, or line of movement.
chảy
To flow, run, or stream continuously.
sinh
To produce, generate, or give rise to.
dọc
Along, lengthwise, or throughout the course.
theo
According to, following, or in pursuit of.
thành
To become, form into, or develop structure.
Tác
Action, effect, or result of something.
hạt
Particle, grain, or small discrete unit.
hợp
To combine, unite, or form a compound.
với
With, together with, or in association.
trung
Middle, center, or neutral in position.
tâm
Center, heart, or core of something.
Lượng
Amount, quantity, or measure of something.
cực
Extreme, pole, or highest degree of.
nhỏ
Small, tiny, or little in size.
gây
To cause, create, or bring about something.
ra
Out, outward, or to produce result.
muối
Salt; chemical compound or seasoning substance.
Của
Possessive marker; indicates belonging or relationship.
dịch
Fluid, liquid, or body secretion in organism.
hữu
Organic; relating to living organisms or chemistry.
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