Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 4

Vocabulary

Nous

First person plural pronoun meaning 'we' or 'us'.

avons

First person plural form of 'avoir' meaning 'have'.

besoin

Noun meaning 'need' or 'necessity'.

de

Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'about'.

vos

Plural possessive adjective meaning 'your' (formal/plural).

dons

Plural noun meaning 'donations' or 'gifts'.

plus

Adverb meaning 'more' or 'no longer'.

que

Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that', 'than', or 'which'.

jamais

Adverb meaning 'never' or 'ever'.

À

Preposition meaning 'at', 'to', or 'in'.

partir

Verb meaning 'to leave'; 'à partir de' means 'starting from'.

du

Contraction of 'de le' meaning 'of the' or 'from the'.

juillet

Noun meaning 'July', the seventh month of the year.

les

Definite article meaning 'the' (plural).

contributions

Plural noun meaning 'contributions' or 'donations'.

ne

Negation particle used with 'pas', 'jamais', etc.

sont

Third person plural of 'être' meaning 'are'.

sollicitées

Past participle of 'solliciter' meaning 'requested' or 'solicited'.

qu'

Elided form of 'que' meaning 'that' or 'than'.

auprès

Preposition meaning 'from' or 'among' specific people.

des

Contraction of 'de les' meaning 'of the' (plural).

personnes

Plural noun meaning 'persons' or 'people'.

résidant

Present participle of 'résider' meaning 'residing' or 'living'.

dans

Preposition meaning 'in' or 'within'.

l'

Elided definite article 'le' or 'la' meaning 'the'.

le

Masculine definite article meaning 'the'.

la

Feminine definite article meaning 'the'.

Nord

Noun or adjective meaning 'north' or 'northern'.

Sud

Noun or adjective meaning 'south' or 'southern'.

et

Conjunction meaning 'and'.

déposé

Past participle of 'déposer' meaning 'filed' or 'submitted'.

dossiers

Plural noun meaning 'files', 'folders', or 'applications'.

environ

Adverb meaning 'approximately' or 'about'.

États

Plural noun meaning 'states' or 'countries'.

à

Preposition meaning 'at', 'to', or 'in'.

présent

Noun or adjective meaning 'present' or 'currently'.

mais

Conjunction meaning 'but'.

ce

Demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'.

seuls

Adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone' (masculine plural).

qui

Relative or interrogative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which'.

ont

Third person plural of 'avoir' meaning 'have'.

répondu

Past participle of 'répondre' meaning 'responded' or 'replied'.

Au

Contraction of 'à le' meaning 'at the' or 'to the'.

fur

Used in 'au fur et à mesure' meaning 'as' or 'gradually'.

mesure

Noun meaning 'measure'; 'à mesure' means 'as' or 'proportionally'.

conditions

Plural noun meaning 'conditions' or 'requirements'.

requises

Adjective meaning 'required' or 'necessary' (feminine plural).

pour

Preposition meaning 'for', 'in order to'.

autres

Adjective or pronoun meaning 'other' or 'others'.

seront

Future tense of 'être' meaning 'will be'.

remplies

Past participle of 'remplir' meaning 'fulfilled' or 'met'.

ajouts

Plural noun meaning 'additions' or 'additions made'.

cette

Feminine demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'.

liste

Noun meaning 'list'.

effectués

Past participle of 'effectuer' meaning 'carried out' or 'made'.

collecte

Noun meaning 'collection', often of funds or data.

fonds

Noun meaning 'funds' or 'money collected'.

débutera

Future tense of 'débuter' meaning 'will begin' or 'will start'.

supplémentaires

Adjective meaning 'additional' or 'extra'.

N'

Elided negation particle 'ne', used before vowels.

hésitez

Second person plural of 'hésiter' meaning 'hesitate'.

pas

Negation word used with 'ne' meaning 'not'.

nous

First person plural pronoun meaning 'us' or 'we'.

demander

Infinitive verb meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'.

vérifier

Infinitive verb meaning 'to verify' or 'to check'.

statut

Noun meaning 'status' or 'standing'.

votre

Possessive adjective meaning 'your' (formal or plural).

État

Noun meaning 'state' (political/administrative entity).

En

Preposition meaning 'in', 'by', or 'as'.

réponse

Noun meaning 'response' or 'answer'.

aux

Contraction of 'à les' meaning 'to the' (plural).

diverses

Adjective meaning 'various' or 'diverse' (feminine plural).

questions

Plural noun meaning 'questions' or 'issues'.

reçues

Past participle of 'recevoir' meaning 'received' (feminine plural).

sujet

Noun meaning 'subject' or 'topic'.

travaillons

First person plural of 'travailler' meaning 'we work'.

constamment

Adverb meaning 'constantly' or 'continuously'.

achèvement

Noun meaning 'completion' or 'finishing'.

formalités

Plural noun meaning 'formalities' or 'administrative procedures'.

administratives

Adjective meaning 'administrative' (feminine plural).

solliciter

Infinitive verb meaning 'to solicit' or 'to formally request'.

légalement

Adverb meaning 'legally' or 'in a lawful manner'.

Si

Conjunction meaning 'if' or adverb meaning 'so' or 'yes'.

figure

Third person singular of 'figurer' meaning 'appears' or 'is listed'.

sur

Preposition meaning 'on', 'over', or 'about'.

vous

Second person plural pronoun meaning 'you' (formal or plural).

souhaitez

Second person plural of 'souhaiter' meaning 'wish' or 'want'.

savoir

Infinitive verb meaning 'to know' (facts or information).

si

Conjunction meaning 'if' or 'whether'.

ajouté

Past participle of 'ajouter' meaning 'added'.

depuis

Preposition or adverb meaning 'since' or 'for' (time).

possédez

Second person plural of 'posséder' meaning 'you possess' or 'own'.

il

Third person singular masculine pronoun meaning 'he' or 'it'.

suffit

Third person singular of 'suffire' meaning 'is enough' or 'suffices'.

Bien

Adverb or adjective meaning 'well', 'good', or 'very'.

puissions

Subjunctive form of 'pouvoir' meaning 'may be able to'.

où

Relative or interrogative adverb meaning 'where'.

sommes

First person plural of 'être' meaning 'are' (we are).

encore

Adverb meaning 'still', 'yet', or 'again'.

enregistrés

Past participle of 'enregistrer' meaning 'registered' or 'recorded'.

connaissons

First person plural of 'connaître' meaning 'we know' (people/places).

aucune

Negative adjective meaning 'no' or 'none' (feminine).

interdiction

Noun meaning 'prohibition' or 'ban'.

d'

Elided preposition 'de' meaning 'of' or 'from'.

accepter

Infinitive verb meaning 'to accept' or 'to receive'.

donateurs

Plural noun meaning 'donors' or 'contributors'.

contactent

Third person plural of 'contacter' meaning 'contact' or 'reach out'.

avec

Preposition meaning 'with'.

une

Feminine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'.

offre

Noun meaning 'offer' or verb 'offers'.

don

Noun meaning 'donation', 'gift', or 'talent'.

Les

Plural definite article meaning 'the'.

internationaux

Adjective meaning 'international' (masculine plural).

acceptés

Past participle of 'accepter' meaning 'accepted' (masculine plural).

savons

First person plural of 'savoir' meaning 'we know'.

RIEN

Pronoun meaning 'nothing' or 'anything'.

façon

Noun meaning 'way', 'manner', or 'method'.

rendre

Infinitive verb meaning 'to make', 'to give back', or 'to render'.

déductibles

Adjective meaning 'deductible' (from taxes), plural form.

impôts

Plural noun meaning 'taxes'.

ni

Conjunction meaning 'nor' or 'neither'.

même

Adverb or adjective meaning 'even', 'same', or 'itself'.

s'

Elided reflexive pronoun 'se' used before vowels.

ils

Third person plural masculine pronoun meaning 'they'.

PEUVENT

Third person plural of 'pouvoir' meaning 'can' or 'are able to'.

être

Infinitive verb meaning 'to be'.

rendus

Past participle of 'rendre' meaning 'made' or 'rendered' (plural).

n'

Elided negation particle 'ne' used before vowels.

personnel

Noun meaning 'staff' or 'personnel'; adjective meaning 'personal'.

gérer

Infinitive verb meaning 'to manage' or 'to handle'.

existe

Third person singular of 'exister' meaning 'exists'.

moyens

Plural noun meaning 'means', 'ways', or 'resources'.

faire

Infinitive verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make'.