Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 6

Vocabulary

POUR

poor — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

LES

lay — Definite plural article meaning 'the'

DU

dü — Contraction of 'de le', meaning 'of the'

DOMAINE

doh-men — Domain or field, as in public domain

PUBLIC

pü-bleek — Public, available to everyone

DÉBUT

day-bü — Beginning or start of something

Pourquoi

poor-kwah — Why, used to ask for a reason

cette

set — Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' (feminine)

déclaration

day-klah-rah-syohn — Statement or declaration made formally

est

eh — Third person singular of 'être', meaning 'is'

elle

el — Third person singular feminine pronoun meaning 'she'

ici

ee-see — Adverb meaning 'here', indicating a place

Vous

voo — Second person plural or formal pronoun meaning 'you'

savez

sah-vay — You know, second person plural of 'savoir'

les

lay — Definite plural article meaning 'the'

avocats

ah-voh-kah — Lawyers or attorneys who practice law

Ils

eel — Third person plural masculine pronoun meaning 'they'

nous

noo — First person plural pronoun meaning 'us' or 'we'

disent

deez — They say, third person plural of 'dire'

que

kuh — Conjunction meaning 'that' or 'which'

vous

voo — Second person plural or formal pronoun 'you'

pourriez

poor-ee-ay — You could, conditional of 'pouvoir'

poursuivre

poor-swee-vruh — To pursue or to sue someone legally

en

ahn — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'while'

justice

zhüs-tees — Justice or legal court system

s'

s — Reflexive pronoun contraction before vowel

il

eel — Third person masculine singular pronoun 'he'

y

ee — Adverbial pronoun meaning 'there' or 'it'

a

ah — Third person singular of 'avoir', meaning 'has'

quelque

kel-kuh — Adjective meaning 'some' or 'a certain'

chose

shohz — Thing or object, a common noun

qui

kee — Relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which'

ne

nuh — Negation particle used with 'pas'

va

vah — Third person singular of 'aller', meaning 'goes'

pas

pah — Negation word used with 'ne' meaning 'not'

avec

ah-vek — Preposition meaning 'with'

votre

voh-truh — Possessive adjective meaning 'your' (formal)

copie

koh-pee — Copy or duplicate of a document

de

duh — Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'

cet

set — Demonstrative adjective 'this' before vowel

même

mem — Even or same, used for emphasis

si

see — Conjunction meaning 'if' or 'whether'

l'

l — Definite article contraction before vowel

avez

ah-vay — You have, second person plural of 'avoir'

obtenu

ohb-tuh-nü — Obtained or received, past participle of 'obtenir'

gratuitement

grah-twee-tuh-mahn — For free, without payment required

auprès

oh-preh — Preposition meaning 'from' or 'near'

quelqu'

kel-kuh — Someone, indefinite pronoun before vowel

un

uhn — Indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'

d'

d — Preposition 'de' contracted before vowel

autre

oh-truh — Adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'

et

ay — Conjunction meaning 'and'

ce

suh — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'it'

n'

n — Negation particle contracted before vowel

notre

noh-truh — Possessive adjective meaning 'our'

faute

foht — Fault or mistake attributed to someone

Ainsi

ahn-see — Thus or therefore, used to introduce consequence

entre

ahn-truh — Preposition meaning 'between' or 'among'

autres

oh-truh — Plural of 'autre', meaning 'others'

choses

shohz — Plural of 'chose', meaning 'things'

décline

day-kleen — Declines or rejects responsibility formally

la

lah — Definite feminine singular article meaning 'the'

majeure

mah-zhur — Major or greater, feminine adjective form

partie

par-tee — Part or portion of a whole thing

responsabilité

res-pohn-sah-bee-lee-tay — Responsibility or liability for something

envers

ahn-vair — Preposition meaning 'towards' or 'regarding'

Elle

el — Third person feminine singular pronoun 'she'

indique

an-deek — Indicates or points out something clearly

également

ay-gal-mahn — Also or equally, used to add information

comment

koh-mahn — How, used to ask or explain manner

pouvez

poo-vay — You can, second person plural of 'pouvoir'

distribuer

dees-tree-bü-ay — To distribute or hand out copies

des

day — Partitive or plural indefinite article 'some'

copies

koh-pee — Plural of 'copie', meaning 'copies'

le

luh — Definite masculine singular article meaning 'the'

souhaitez

soo-ay-tay — You wish, second person plural of 'souhaiter'

AVANT

ah-vahn — Before, preposition indicating prior time

D'

d — Contracted preposition 'de' before vowel

UTILISER

ü-tee-lee-zay — To use or make use of something

OU

oo — Conjunction meaning 'or' indicating alternatives

DE

duh — Preposition meaning 'of', 'from', or 'to'

LIRE

leer — To read a text or document

CET

set — Demonstrative adjective 'this' before vowel

En

ahn — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'by doing'

utilisant

ü-tee-lee-zahn — Using, present participle of 'utiliser'

ou

oo — Conjunction meaning 'or' indicating a choice

lisant

lee-zahn — Reading, present participle of 'lire'

toute

toot — All or any, feminine singular form

indiquez

an-dee-kay — You indicate, second person plural imperative

comprenez

kohm-pruh-nay — You understand, second person plural of 'comprendre'

acceptez

ak-sep-tay — You accept, second person plural of 'accepter'

approuvez

ah-proo-vay — You approve, second person plural of 'approuver'

Si

see — Conjunction meaning 'if' introducing a condition

cas

kah — Case or situation requiring specific action

obtenir

ohb-tuh-neer — To obtain or get something desired

remboursement

rahn-boors-mahn — Reimbursement or refund of paid money

somme

sohm — Sum or amount of money paid

échéant

ay-shay-ahn — If applicable, used in legal phrasing

payée

pay-yay — Paid, feminine past participle of 'payer'

pour

poor — Preposition meaning 'for' or 'in order to'

envoyant

ahn-vwah-yahn — Sending, present participle of 'envoyer'

une

ün — Feminine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'one'

demande

duh-mahnd — Request or demand made formally

dans

dahn — Preposition meaning 'in' or 'within'

jours

zhoor — Days, plural of 'jour'

suivant

swee-vahn — Following, present participle of 'suivre'

sa

sah — Possessive adjective meaning 'his' or 'her'

réception

ray-sep-syohn — Reception or receipt of something received

à

ah — Preposition meaning 'to', 'at', or 'in'

personne

per-sohn — Person or individual; also 'nobody' with negation

laquelle

lah-kel — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'whom' (feminine)

reçu

ruh-sü — Received, past participle of 'recevoir'

sur

sür — Preposition meaning 'on' or 'upon'

support

sü-por — Medium or physical support for data

physique

fee-zeek — Physical, relating to a tangible material form

tel

tel — Such or like, used for comparison

qu'

k — Conjunction 'que' contracted before vowel

disque

deesk — Disk, a physical data storage medium

devez

duh-vay — You must, second person plural of 'devoir'

retourner

ruh-toor-nay — To return or give back something

À

ah — Preposition meaning 'to', 'at', or 'about'

PROPOS

proh-poh — Subject or topic; 'à propos de' means 'about'

DES

day — Plural indefinite or partitive article 'some'

Cet

set — Demonstrative adjective 'this' before vowel

comme

kohm — Conjunction meaning 'like', 'as', or 'since'

plupart

plü-par — Most or the majority of something

œuvre

uv-ruh — Work, especially a literary or artistic creation

du

dü — Contraction of 'de le', meaning 'of the'

domaine

doh-men — Domain or field; 'domaine public' means public domain

public

pü-bleek — Public, open and available to everyone

distribuée

dees-tree-bü-ay — Distributed, feminine past participle of 'distribuer'

par

par — Preposition meaning 'by' or 'through'

Professeur

proh-feh-sur — Professor, an academic title or teacher

intermédiaire

an-ter-may-dee-air — Intermediary or go-between connecting two parties

Association

ah-soh-syah-syohn — Association or organization of people

Projet

proh-zheh — Project, a planned undertaking or initiative

Entre

ahn-truh — Preposition meaning 'between' or 'among'

cela

suh-lah — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' or 'this'

signifie

see-nyee-fee — Means or signifies, third person singular

détient

day-tyahn — Holds or possesses, third person singular of 'détenir'

droit

drwah — Right or law; 'droit d'auteur' means copyright

auteur

oh-tur — Author or creator of a work

américain

ah-may-ree-kan — American, relating to the United States

sorte

sort — Sort or kind; 'de sorte que' means 'so that'

peut

puh — Can or may, third person singular of 'pouvoir'

copier

koh-pyay — To copy or duplicate a document or file

aux

oh — Contraction of 'à les', meaning 'to the'

États

ay-tah — States, plural of 'état'; États-Unis means USA

Unis

ü-nee — United, as in États-Unis (United States)

sans

sahn — Preposition meaning 'without'

autorisation

oh-toh-ree-zah-syohn — Authorization or permission granted formally

payer

pay-yay — To pay money for a good or service

redevances

ruh-duh-vahns — Royalties or fees paid for use of rights

droits

drwah — Rights or royalties, plural of 'droit'