Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 4

Vocabulary

Abbiamo

We have; first person plural of avere

bisogno

Need; necessity or requirement

delle

Of the; contraction of di and le

vostre

Your (plural formal); feminine plural possessive pronoun

donazioni

Donations; charitable contributions or gifts

più

More; comparative adverb indicating greater quantity

che

Than; that; conjunction or relative pronoun

mai

Ever; never; used in comparisons and negations

A

At; to; preposition indicating location or direction

partire

To leave; to start; used in 'a partire da' (starting from)

dal

From the; contraction of da and il

luglio

July; seventh month of the year

le

The (feminine plural); definite article

vengono

Are; they come; third person plural of venire

richieste

Requested; required; feminine plural past participle

solo

Only; alone; limiting adverb or adjective

persone

People; persons; individuals

residenti

Residents; people living in a specific place

in

In; into; preposition indicating location

e

And; basic coordinating conjunction

presentato

Presented; submitted; past participle of presentare

la

The (feminine singular); definite article

documentazione

Documentation; official paperwork or records required

circa

About; approximately; indicating an approximate number

stati

States; also past participle of essere (been)

finora

So far; until now; up to this point

ma

But; however; adversative conjunction

questi

These; masculine plural demonstrative pronoun

sono

Are; I am; third or first person of essere

gli

The (masculine plural); definite article form

unici

Only ones; unique; masculine plural adjective

hanno

They have; third person plural of avere

risposto

Responded; replied; past participle of rispondere

Man

Hand; part of 'man mano' meaning gradually

mano

Hand; used in 'man mano' meaning little by little

i

The (masculine plural); definite article

requisiti

Requirements; prerequisites needed to qualify

per

For; in order to; preposition of purpose

altri

Others; other; masculine plural indefinite pronoun

soddisfatti

Satisfied; fulfilled; masculine plural past participle

verranno

Will be; they will come; future of venire

aggiunti

Added; included; masculine plural past participle

questo

This; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun

elenco

List; a written enumeration of items

raccolta

Collection; fundraising; gathering of resources

fondi

Funds; financial resources or money collected

avrà

Will have; third person singular future of avere

inizio

Beginning; start; the initial point of something

anche

Also; too; even; additive adverb

negli

In the; contraction of in and gli (masculine plural)

aggiuntivi

Additional; extra; masculine plural adjective

Non

Not; basic negation adverb in Italian

esitate

Hesitate; second person plural imperative of esitare

chiedere

To ask; to inquire; infinitive verb

verificare

To verify; to check; to confirm something

lo

The (masculine singular); definite article or pronoun

stato

State; status; condition or political entity

di

Of; from; preposition indicating possession or origin

avanzamento

Progress; advancement; forward movement in a process

nella

In the; contraction of in and la (feminine singular)

vostra

Your (plural); feminine singular possessive adjective

regione

Region; area; administrative territorial division

In

In; preposition indicating location or situation

risposta

Response; answer; reply to a question or inquiry

alle

To the; contraction of a and le (feminine plural)

varie

Various; several; feminine plural adjective

domande

Questions; requests; feminine plural noun

abbiamo

We have; first person plural present of avere

ricevuto

Received; obtained; past participle of ricevere

riguardo

Regarding; about; with respect to something

Stiamo

We are; first person plural of stare (progressive)

lavorando

Working; gerund of lavorare; currently in progress

costantemente

Constantly; continuously; without interruption

completare

To complete; to finish; to fulfill requirements

necessaria

Necessary; required; feminine singular adjective

richiedere

To require; to request; to formally demand something

legalmente

Legally; in accordance with the law

tutti

All; everyone; masculine plural indefinite adjective

Se

If; conditional conjunction introducing a clause

il

The (masculine singular); basic definite article

vostro

Your (plural); masculine singular possessive adjective

non

Not; negation adverb used before verbs

è

Is; third person singular present of essere

elencato

Listed; enumerated; past participle of elencare

desiderate

You desire; wish; second person plural of desiderare

sapere

To know; to be aware of something

se

If; whether; conditional or indirect question conjunction

aggiunto

Added; appended; masculine singular past participle

dall'

From the; contraction of da and l' (before vowel)

ultima

Last; latest; feminine singular superlative adjective

versione

Version; edition; a particular form of something

dell'

Of the; contraction of di and l' (before vowel)

possesso

Possession; ownership; the state of having something

chiedete

Ask; second person plural imperative of chiedere

pure

Go ahead; also; feel free; emphatic particle

Pur

Even though; despite; concessive conjunction particle

potendo

Being able to; gerund of potere

sollecitare

To solicit; to request; to seek contributions actively

da

From; by; since; preposition of origin or agent

dove

Where; relative or interrogative adverb of place

siamo

We are; first person plural present of essere

ancora

Still; yet; again; temporal adverb

registrati

Registered; enrolled; masculine plural past participle

conoscenza

Knowledge; awareness; acquaintance with a topic

alcun

Any; no; singular indefinite adjective before noun

divieto

Prohibition; ban; a rule against doing something

impedisca

Prevents; hinders; third person subjunctive of impedire

accettare

To accept; to receive; to agree to take something

donatori

Donors; people who give charitable contributions

si

Themselves; reflexive or impersonal pronoun

rivolgano

Turn to; address; third person plural subjunctive rivolgersi

noi

Us; we; first person plural personal pronoun

con

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

un'

A; an; feminine indefinite article before vowel

offerta

Offer; donation; something given voluntarily

donazione

Donation; a gift given to support a cause

Le

The (feminine plural); or formal 'you' pronoun

internazionali

International; relating to multiple countries

accettate

Accepted; welcomed; feminine plural past participle

sappiamo

We know; first person plural present of sapere

NULLA

Nothing; not anything; emphatic negative pronoun

su

On; about; upon; preposition of position or topic

come

How; as; like; interrogative or comparative adverb

renderle

To make them; infinitive with clitic pronoun attached

deducibili

Deductible; eligible for tax deduction

dalle

From the; contraction of da and le (feminine plural)

tasse

Taxes; fees; mandatory payments to government

né

Nor; neither; negative coordinating conjunction

POSSANO

Can; may; third person plural subjunctive of potere

essere

To be; fundamental infinitive verb in Italian

rese

Made; rendered; feminine plural past participle of rendere

disponiamo

We have; we dispose of; first plural of disporre

del

Of the; contraction of di and il (masculine singular)

personale

Staff; personnel; the people employed in an organization

necessario

Necessary; needed; masculine singular adjective

gestirlo

To manage it; infinitive with direct object pronoun

qualora

Should; in case; conditional conjunction meaning 'if ever'

esistessero

Existed; third person plural imperfect subjunctive of esistere

modalità

Methods; ways; modes of doing something

farlo

To do it; infinitive fare with direct object pronoun