Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 4

Vocabulary

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့သည်

kywe̤ noke toh thì — We (formal); subject marker included

ယခင်ကထက်

ya hkin ga htɛʔ — More than before; compared to previously

သင်၏

thìɴ ʔè — Your; possessive form of 'you'

လှူဒါန်းမှုများကို

hlù dáɴ hmù myá gò — Donations; charitable contributions (object marker)

ပို၍

po ywè — More; increasingly; to a greater degree

လိုအပ်နေပါသည်

lo ʔaʔ ne bà thì — Is needed; is required right now

ခုနှစ်

kʰṵ hnìʔ — Year; used as a counter for years

ဇူလိုင်လ

zù laìɴ la — The month of July

ရက်နေ့

yɛʔ ne̤ — Day; date of the month

အထိ

ʔa htì — Until; up to; as far as

အောက်ပါ

ʔaʊʔ pà — Following; listed below; as shown below

နေရာများမှ

ne yà myá hmà — From places; from locations (plural)

လူများထံမှ

lù myá htàɴ hmà — From people; originating from persons

သာ

thà — Only; exclusively; merely

တောင်းခံ

taùɴ kʰàɴ — To solicit; to request; to seek donations

လျက်ရှိသည်

lyɛʔ ʃì thì — Is currently doing; ongoing action marker

နှင့်

hnɪ̃ — And; along with; together with

ယခု

ya kʰù — Now; currently; at this time

ပြည်နယ်

pyì nɛ̀ — State; province; federal subdivision

ခုခန့်

kʰṵ kʰàɴ — Approximately; about; roughly (for countables)

တွင်

twɪɴ — In; at; within (location/context marker)

တင်သွင်း

tiɴ θʊɴ — To submit; to file; to register formally

ပြီးဖြစ်

pí pʰjiʔ — Already completed; has already happened

သော်လည်း

θɔ̀ lɛ̀ — However; although; but; nonetheless

တုံ့ပြန်

tʊ̃ pjàɴ — To respond; to reply; to react

ခဲ့သော

kʰɛ̀ θɔ̀ — Past tense marker; that which has occurred

ပြည်နယ်များမှာ

pyì nɛ̀ myá hmà — Among the states; regarding the states

ဤ

ʔì — This; these (formal/written demonstrative)

ပြည်နယ်များ

pyì nɛ̀ myá — States; multiple provinces or states

ဖြစ်သည်

pʰjiʔ thì — Is; are; to be (copula verb)

အခြား

ʔa tʃʰà — Other; another; different; remaining

အတွက်

ʔa twɛʔ — For; for the sake of; regarding

လိုအပ်ချက်များ

lo ʔaʔ tʃɛʔ myá — Requirements; needs; necessary conditions

ပြည့်မီ

pyi mì — To meet requirements; to fulfill; to satisfy

သည်နှင့်အမျှ

thì hnɪ̃ ʔa mjà — As soon as; at the same time as

စာရင်း

sà yɪɴ — List; record; register; inventory

ထပ်ဆောင်း

htaʔ sáuɴ — Additional; supplementary; added extra

များ

myá — Plural marker; many; multiple items

ထည့်သွင်း

htɛ̀ θʊɴ — To include; to insert; to add in

မည်

mɪ̀ — Will; future tense auxiliary marker

ဖြစ်ပြီး

pʰjiʔ pí — Having become; and so; therefore

နောက်ထပ်

naʊʔ htaʔ — Additionally; furthermore; one more

ရန်ပုံငွေ

yàɴ pʊ̃ ŋwè — Fund; endowment; reserved money

စုဆောင်းမှု

sṵ sáuɴ hmù — Collection; fundraising; gathering of funds

စတင်

sa tiɴ — To begin; to start; to commence

ပြည်နယ်၏

pyì nɛ̀ ʔè — State's; belonging to the state (possessive)

အခြေအနေကို

ʔa tʃʰè ʔa ne gò — Situation; condition; status (object marker)

စစ်ဆေး

siʔ sé — To examine; to check; to investigate

ရန်

yàɴ — In order to; for the purpose of

လွတ်လပ်စွာ

lwʊʔ laʔ swà — Freely; without restriction; openly

မေးမြန်း

mé mjáɴ — To inquire; to ask questions; to query

နိုင်ပါသည်

nàiɴ bà thì — Can; is able to (polite ability marker)

ကိစ္စ

keiʔ sa — Matter; issue; affair; concern

ပတ်သက်၍

paʔ θɛʔ ywè — Regarding; concerning; related to

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

kywe̤ noke toh — We; us (formal first-person plural)

ရရှိ

ya ʃì — To receive; to obtain; to get

မေးခွန်း

mé kʰʊɴ — Question; query; inquiry

အမျိုးမျိုး

ʔa myò myò — Various kinds; diverse; of many types

ကို

gò — Object marker; to; toward (accusative particle)

ဖြေကြား

pʰjè tʃá — To answer; to respond to questions

ရာတွင်

yà twɪɴ — In doing so; in the process of

အားလုံး

ʔà lóɴ — All; everyone; everything; entire

တရားဝင်စွာ

ta yà wɪɴ swà — Legally; officially; in a lawful manner

လှူဒါန်းမှုများ

hlù dáɴ hmù myá — Donations; charitable contributions (plural)

နိုင်ရန်

nàiɴ yàɴ — In order to be able to; so as to

စာရွက်စာတမ်း

sà ywɛʔ sà táɴ — Documents; paperwork; official papers

လုပ်ငန်းများကို

lòʊʔ ŋáɴ myá gò — Tasks; operations; business activities (object)

အမြဲတမ်း

ʔa mjɛ̀ táɴ — Always; constantly; at all times

ပြီးစီး

pí sí — To complete; to finish; to accomplish

အောင်

ʔàuɴ — So that; in order to succeed or achieve

ဆောင်ရွက်

sáuɴ ywɛʔ — To carry out; to perform; to execute tasks

နေပါသည်

ne bà thì — Is (currently doing); ongoing polite marker

သည်

thì — Sentence-final marker; is/are (copula)

မပါဝင်

ma pà wɪɴ — Not included; not participating; absent from

ပါက

pà ga — If; in the event that; conditional marker

သင်

thìɴ — You; second-person singular pronoun

ရှိသော

ʃì θɔ̀ — That exists; which has; existing (relative)

ပြုစု

pjù sṵ — To compile; to prepare; to organize documents

ပြီးနောက်

pí naʊʔ — After; following completion of something

ထပ်ထည့်

htaʔ htɛ̀ — To add more; to insert additionally

ခဲ့သည်

kʰɛ̀ thì — Did; past tense completion marker

ဆိုတာ

sò tà — That which is called; meaning; so-called

သိလို

θì lò — Want to know; wish to learn about

လိုက်ပါ

làiʔ pà — Please follow; comply; go along with

မှတ်ပုံတင်

hmɛʔ pʊ̃ tiɴ — To register; official registration document

ခြင်း

tʃiɴ — Nominalizer; act of; the fact of doing

မရှိ

ma ʃì — Does not exist; there is none; absent

သေးသော

θé θɔ̀ — That which is still; not yet (relative form)

ပြည်နယ်များမှ

pyì nɛ̀ myá hmà — From states; originating from provinces

တောင်းဆို

táuɴ sò — To demand; to request; to solicit formally

မဖြစ်နိုင်

ma pʰjiʔ nàiɴ — Impossible; cannot be; not possible

လှူဒါန်း

hlù dáɴ — To donate; to give charitably; to contribute

လိုသည့်

lo thɪ̃ — That which is needed; required (relative)

ကမ်းလှမ်းချက်

kʰáɴ hlàɴ tʃɛʔ — Offer; proposal; an extended invitation

ဖြင့်

pʰjɪ̃ — By means of; with; using; through

ထံ

htàɴ — To; toward a person; in someone's direction

ချဉ်းကပ်

tʃɪ̃ kaʔ — To approach; to draw near; to contact

သော

θɔ̀ — Relative clause marker; that; which; who

ထို

htò — That; those (demonstrative pronoun)

လှူဒါန်းသူများ

hlù dáɴ θù myá — Donors; those who donate (plural)

ထံမှ

htàɴ hmà — From (a person); originating from someone

လက်ခံ

lɛʔ kʰàɴ — To accept; to receive; to acknowledge

ခြင်းကို

tʃiɴ gò — The act of (nominalized, object marker)

တားမြစ်

tá mjiʔ — To prohibit; to forbid; to ban

သည်ဟု

thì hù — Reported speech marker; it is said that

မသိရှိ

ma θì ʃì — Unaware; not knowing; ignorant of fact

ပါ

bà — Polite particle; please; (softener marker)

နိုင်ငံတကာ

nàiɴ ŋàɴ ta kà — International; worldwide; across nations

၎င်းတို့ကို

di doh gò — Them; those (third-person plural, object)

အခွန်

ʔa kʰʊɴ — Tax; taxation; government levy

နုတ်ယူ

nòʊʔ yù — To deduct; to subtract; to take away

နိုင်အောင်

nàiɴ ʔàuɴ — So as to be able to; in order to succeed

မည်သို့

mɪ̀ θò — How; in what manner; by what means

ပြုလုပ်

pjù lòʊʔ — To do; to make; to perform; to carry out

ရမည်

ya mɪ̀ — Will get; must obtain; shall receive

ဆိုသည့်

sò thɪ̃ — Called; said to be; known as (relative)

အကြောင်း

ʔa tʃáuɴ — Reason; cause; about; subject matter

ဘာမှ

bà hmà — Nothing; anything (in negative context)

မသိ

ma θì — Do not know; unaware; ignorant

သို့မဟုတ်

θò ma hòʊʔ — Or; otherwise; alternatively

နိုင်မည်

nàiɴ mɪ̀ — Will be able to; can (future ability)

ဆိုသည်ကို

sò thì gò — That which is said; what is stated (object)

ပင်

pɪɴ — Even; indeed; exactly; emphatic particle

နည်းလမ်းများ

nɛ̀ láɴ myá — Methods; ways; approaches; techniques

ရှိသည့်တိုင်

ʃì thɪ̃ tàiɴ — Even though there are; despite existing

ကိုင်တွယ်

kàiɴ twɛ̀ — To handle; to deal with; to manage

ဖြေရှင်း

pʰjè ʃɪɴ — To resolve; to solve; to clear up issues

ဝန်ထမ်းများ

wʊɴ tʰáɴ myá — Staff members; employees; workers (plural)

လည်း

lɛ̀ — Also; too; as well; in addition