Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel — Page 7

Vocabulary

Các

các — Plural marker for nouns in Vietnamese

quy

quy — Rule, regulation, or standard

tắc

tắc — Rule or principle, often paired with quy

đặc

đặc — Special, particular, or distinctive

biệt

biệt — Different, separate, or special

được

được — To be allowed, able, or to receive

nêu

nêu — To state, mention, or raise a point

dưới

dưới — Below, under, or beneath something

đây

đây — Here, this place or this point

áp

áp — To press, apply, or enforce

dụng

dụng — To use or apply, often paired with áp

nếu

nếu — If, conditional conjunction in sentences

bạn

bạn — You, friend, or second-person pronoun

muốn

muốn — To want or desire something

sao

sao — To copy, duplicate, or star

chép

chép — To copy or transcribe text

và

và — And, conjunction connecting words or clauses

phân

phân — To distribute, divide, or separate

phối

phối — To distribute or coordinate, paired with phân

văn

văn — Text, literature, or written document

bản

bản — Version, copy, or document

điện

điện — Electric, electronic, or electricity

tử

tử — Electronic or digital, paired with điện

này

này — This, demonstrative pronoun indicating nearness

theo

theo — According to, following, or in accordance with

nhãn

nhãn — Label, brand, or tag on a product

hiệu

hiệu — Brand, trademark, or signal

Vui

vui — Happy, pleased, or joyful feeling

lòng

lòng — Heart, mind, or willingness to do something

không

không — No, not, negation in Vietnamese sentences

sử

sử — To use, history, or utilize something

để

để — To, in order to, or to place

tiếp

tiếp — To continue, receive, or approach something

thị

thị — Market, city, or commercial area

bất

bất — Any, every, or not, negative prefix

kỳ

kỳ — Any, strange, or period of time

sản

sản — Product, property, or to produce

phẩm

phẩm — Product, goods, or item of quality

thương

thương — Commercial, trade, or to love someone

mại

mại — Commerce or trade, paired with thương

nào

nào — Any, which, or interrogative pronoun

mà

mà — That, which, or but as conjunction

có

có — To have, exist, or there is

sự

sự — Nominalizer prefix indicating an event or matter

cho

To give, allow, or for someone

phép

phép — Permission, rule, or polite manner

Để

để — In order to, so that, or to place

tạo

tạo — To create, make, or produce something

ra

ra — Out, to produce, or directional particle

Dự

dự — Project, plan, or to attend something

án

án — Project, case, or legal judgment

đã

đã — Past tense marker indicating completed action

bỏ

bỏ — To spend, put in, abandon, or discard

nhiều

nhiều — Many, much, or a lot of something

công

công — Work, labor, effort, or public

sức

sức — Strength, effort, or energy expended

đáng

đáng — Worthy, considerable, or deserving of something

kể

kể — To tell, count, or considerable in degree

xác

xác — To confirm, identify, or corpse

định

định — To determine, decide, or define something

đính

đính — To attach, append, or affix something

tác

tác — Author, work, or to compose something

thuộc

thuộc — To belong to or be part of

phạm

phạm — Domain, scope, or to violate a rule

vi

vi — To violate, micro, or small scale

cộng

cộng — Public, communist, or to add together

Mặc

mặc — Although, despite, or to wear clothing

dù

dù — Although, even though, or umbrella

những

những — Those, plural marker for nouns

nỗ

nỗ — Effort, exertion, paired with lực

lực

lực — Force, strength, or effort applied

của

của — Of, belonging to, possessive particle

phương

phương — Method, direction, or means

tiện

tiện — Convenient, medium, or means of doing

lưu

lưu — To store, save, or keep something

trữ

trữ — To store or preserve, paired with lưu

thể

thể — Can, able to, or body form

chứa

chứa — To contain, hold, or store something

chúng

chúng — They, them, or those things

vẫn

vẫn — Still, yet, or continuing state

Khiếm

khiếm — Lacking, deficient, or defective in quality

khuyết

khuyết — Defect, flaw, or shortcoming in something

Trong

trong — In, inside, or among something

số

số — Number, among, or quantity

thứ

thứ — Thing, ordinal marker, or rank

khác

khác — Other, different, or another thing

ở

ở — At, in, to live or reside somewhere

dạng

dạng — Form, format, or type of something

dữ

dữ — Data, fierce, or savage

liệu

liệu — Data, material, or to anticipate something

đầy

đầy — Full, complete, or filled with something

đủ

đủ — Enough, sufficient, or adequate amount

chính

chính — Correct, main, official, or accurate

hoặc

hoặc — Or, either, alternative conjunction

bị

bị — Passive marker indicating negative outcome

hỏng

hỏng — Broken, damaged, or out of order

lỗi

lỗi — Error, fault, mistake, or defect

quyền

quyền — Right, authority, or power over something

sở

sở — Office, ownership, or place of work

hữu

hữu — To own, possess, or have something

trí

trí — Intelligence, intellect, or mental capacity

tuệ

tuệ — Wisdom, intellect, paired with trí

đĩa

đĩa — Disk, disc, or plate for storage

hư

hư — Damaged, broken, or spoiled item

vi-rút

vi-rút — Virus, especially computer or biological virus

máy

máy — Machine, device, or computer

tính

tính — Computer, to calculate, or nature

mã

mã — Code, program code, or cipher

gây

gây — To cause, create, or inflict harm

hại

hại — Harm, damage, or detrimental effect

đọc

đọc — To read text or written material

bởi

bởi — By, because of, or due to

thiết

thiết — Device, necessary, or essential equipment

BẢO

bảo — To guarantee, protect, or preserve something

HÀNH

hành — Warranty, conduct, or to carry out

CÓ

có — To have or there is something

GIỚI

giới — Limit, boundary, or world domain

HẠN

hạn — Limit, deadline, or restriction applied

TỪ

từ — To disclaim, from, or word

CHỐI

chối — To deny, disclaim, or refuse something

TRÁCH

trách — Responsibility, blame, or accountability

NHIỆM

nhiệm — Duty, responsibility, or obligation

VỀ

về — About, regarding, or concerning something

THIỆT

thiệt — Damage, loss, or harm suffered

HẠI

hại — Harm, damage, or adverse effect

Ngoại

ngoại — Outside, external, or foreign element

trừ

trừ — Except, unless, or to subtract

Quyền

quyền — Right, entitlement, or authority granted

Thay

thay — To replace, substitute, or on behalf of

thế

thế — To substitute, replace, or generation

Hoàn

hoàn — To return, refund, or complete something

tiền

tiền — Money, refund, or currency payment

mô

mô — To describe, tissue, or model

tả

tả — To describe, depict, or portray something

Quỹ

quỹ — Fund, foundation, or financial reserve

bên

bên — Side, party, or beside something

nhận

nhận — To receive, accept, or recognize something

từ

từ — From, word, or since a time

đó

đó — That, there, or that place

với

với — With, together with, or to

tư

tư — Private, capacity, or thought

cách

cách — Way, manner, method, or distance

là

là — To be, is, am, are

chối

chối — To deny, disclaim, or refuse liability

mọi

mọi — All, every, or each thing

pháp

pháp — Law, legal, or method

lý

lý — Reason, logic, or legal principle

đối

đối — Toward, against, or opposite something

chi

chi — Cost, expense, or branch

phí

phí — Fee, cost, or expense incurred

tổn

tổn — Loss, damage, or harm incurred

bao

bao — To include, cover, or wrap

gồm

gồm — To include or consist of elements

cả

cả — Both, all, even, or including

BẠN

bạn — You, second-person pronoun or friend

KHÔNG

không — No, not, negation or zero

BIỆN

biện — Remedy, measure, or to argue

PHÁP

pháp — Method, law, or legal measure

KHẮC

khắc — To remedy, carve, or fix problem

PHỤC

phục — To restore, recover, or remedy something

NÀO

nào — Any, which, or interrogative determiner

ĐỐI

đối — Against, toward, or in relation to

VỚI

với — With, together with someone or something

SỰ

sự — Nominalizer indicating an event or matter

SƠ

sơ — Negligence, carelessness, or preliminary

SUẤT

suất — Negligence rate, paired with sơ

HOẶC

hoặc — Or, either, alternative choice connector

THEO

theo — According to, under, or following

LÝ

lý — Theory, reason, or principle applied

NGHIÊM

nghiêm — Strict, severe, or rigorous standard

NGẶT

ngặt — Strict, tight, or rigorous condition

VI

vi — To violate or breach a rule

PHẠM

phạm — Violation, breach, or to break rules

HỢP

hợp — Contract, agreement, or to combine

ĐỒNG

đồng — Agreement, contract, or Vietnamese currency

BAO

bao — Including, covering, or to encompass

GỒM

gồm — Including or consisting of components

NHƯNG

nhưng — But, however, contrastive conjunction

Ở

ở — At, in, or to reside somewhere

GIÁN

gián — Indirect, mediated, or through an intermediary

TIẾP

tiếp — Indirect, continuing, or to follow on

HẬU

hậu — Consequence, aftermath, or future result

QUẢ

quả — Result, consequence, or fruit

TRỪNG

trừng — Punitive, to punish or penalize

PHẠT

phạt — Punishment, penalty, or to penalize

NGẪU

ngẫu — Random, incidental, or accidental occurrence

NHIÊN

nhiên — Natural, accidental, or incidental event

NGAY

ngay — Even, immediately, or right away

CẢ

cả — Even, all, or including in scope

KHI

khi — When, at the time of event

THÔNG

thông — To notify, inform, or communicate

BÁO

báo — To notify, report, or inform someone

KHẢ

khả — Possible, capable, or feasible option

NĂNG

năng — Ability, capability, or possibility

XẢY

xảy — To occur, happen, or take place

RA

ra — To occur, come out, or happen

NHỮNG

những — Those, plural marker for specific nouns

ĐÓ

đó — Those, that, or those mentioned things

Nếu

nếu — If, conditional conjunction in sentences

phát

phát — To discover, issue, or distribute something

hiện

hiện — To discover, appear, or present currently

trong

trong — Within, inside, or in a period

vòng

vòng — Within, circle, or period of time

ngày

ngày — Day, date, or daytime period

khi

khi — When, at the time of something

hoàn

hoàn — To return, refund, or restore something

trả

trả — To return, pay back, or refund

nó

nó — It, he, she, third person pronoun

bằng

bằng — By means of, equal, or through

gửi

gửi — To send, mail, or submit something

một

một — One, a, or single item

ghi

ghi — To write down, note, or record

chú

chú — Note, uncle, or to pay attention

giải

giải — To explain, solve, or release something

thích

thích — To like, explain, or clarify something

thời

thời — Time, period, or era of events

gian

gian — Time, space, or period duration

đến

đến — To, until, arrive, or reach somewhere

người

người — Person, human being, or individual