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Leviathan — Page 10

English → Korean Preface Level 9/10

I say the similitude of Passions, which are the same in all men, Desire, Feare, Hope, &c; not the similitude or The Objects of the Passions, which are the things Desired, Feared, Hoped, &c: for these the constitution individuall, and particular education do so vary, and they are so easie to be kept from our knowledge, that the characters of mans heart, blotted and confounded as they are, with dissembling, lying, counterfeiting, and erroneous doctrines, are legible onely to him that searcheth hearts.

나는 모든 인간에게 공통된 정념들의 유사성, 즉 욕망, 공포, 희망 등을 말하는 것이지, 욕망되고 두려워하며 희망되는 것들인 정념의 대상들의 유사성을 말하는 것이 아니다. 왜냐하면 이러한 대상들은 개인의 기질과 특수한 교육에 따라 너무나 다양하게 변하며, 우리의 인식으로부터 감추어지기가 너무나 쉬워서, 위장과 거짓말과 속임수와 그릇된 교설들로 흐릿해지고 뒤섞인 인간 마음의 문자들은 오직 마음을 탐구하는 자에게만 읽힐 수 있기 때문이다.

And though by mens actions wee do discover their designee sometimes; yet to do it without comparing them with our own, and distinguishing all circumstances, by which the case may come to be altered, is to decypher without a key, and be for the most part deceived, by too much trust, or by too much diffidence; as he that reads, is himselfe a good or evill man.

그리고 비록 우리가 인간들의 행동을 통해 때로 그들의 의도를 발견하기도 하지만, 그것을 우리 자신의 것과 비교하지 않고, 또한 상황을 변화시킬 수 있는 모든 사정들을 구별하지 않은 채 행하는 것은, 열쇠 없이 암호를 해독하려는 것과 같으며, 읽는 자 자신이 선한 사람이냐 악한 사람이냐에 따라 지나친 신뢰 혹은 지나친 불신으로 인해 대부분 기만당하게 된다.

But let one man read another by his actions never so perfectly, it serves him onely with his acquaintance, which are but few.

그러나 어떤 사람이 다른 사람을 그의 행동을 통해 아무리 완벽하게 파악한다 하더라도, 그것은 그에게 소수에 불과한 그의 지인들에 관해서만 도움이 될 뿐이다.

He that is to govern a whole Nation, must read in himselfe, not this, or that particular man; but Man-kind; which though it be hard to do, harder than to learn any Language, or Science; yet, when I shall have set down my own reading orderly, and perspicuously, the pains left another, will be onely to consider, if he also find not the same in himselfe.

온 나라를 통치해야 하는 자는 자기 자신 안에서 이 사람 또는 저 사람이 아니라 인류를 읽어야 한다. 이것은 비록 행하기 어렵고, 어떤 언어나 학문을 배우는 것보다 더 어렵지만, 내가 나 자신의 독해를 질서 있고 명료하게 기술해 놓는다면, 다른 이에게 남겨진 수고는 오직 그 자신 안에서도 같은 것을 발견하는지 고찰하는 것뿐일 것이다.

For this kind of Doctrine, admitteth no other Demonstration.

왜냐하면 이러한 종류의 학설은 다른 어떤 증명도 허용하지 않기 때문이다.

Vocabulary

나는
na-neun — I (subject marker attached)
모든
mo-deun — All, every, each thing or person
인간에게
in-gan-e-ge — To humans, for human beings
공통된
gong-tong-doen — Common, shared among all
유사성
yu-sa-seong — Similarity, resemblance between things
jeuk — That is, namely, in other words
욕망
yong-mang — Desire, strong craving or longing
공포
gong-po — Fear, terror, intense dread
희망
hui-mang — Hope, optimistic expectation for the future
등을
deung-eul — Etc., and so on (object marker attached)
말하는
mal-ha-neun — Speaking, referring to, talking about
것이지
geo-si-ji — It is the case that, meaning
두려워하며
du-ryeo-wo-ha-myeo — Fearing, while being afraid of something
것들인
geot-deul-in — Things that are, objects which constitute
대상들의
dae-sang-deul-eui — Of objects, targets of something
유사성을
yu-sa-seong-eul — Similarity (object marker), resemblance between things
것이 아니다
geo-si a-ni-da — It is not the case, that is not so
왜냐하면
wae-nya-ha-myeon — Because, the reason being that
이러한
i-reo-han — Such, these kinds of, this sort
대상들은
dae-sang-deul-eun — Objects, targets (topic marker attached)
개인의
gae-in-eui — Individual's, of a person
기질과
gi-jil-gwa — Temperament and, natural disposition
특수한
teuk-su-han — Special, particular, unique to a situation
교육에
gyo-yuk-e — In education, regarding upbringing or schooling
따라
tta-ra — According to, depending on, following
너무나
neo-mu-na — So very, extremely, excessively
다양하게
da-yang-ha-ge — Diversely, in various ways
변하며
byeon-ha-myeo — Changing, varying, while transforming
우리의
u-ri-eui — Our, belonging to us
인식으로부터
in-sik-eu-ro-bu-teo — From perception, away from our understanding
쉬워서
swi-wo-seo — Because it is easy, being simple
위장과
wi-jang-gwa — Disguise and, camouflage, concealment
거짓말과
geo-jit-mal-gwa — Lies and, falsehoods, untrue statements
속임수와
so-gim-su-wa — Tricks and, deception, deceitful means
그릇된
geu-reut-doen — Mistaken, wrong, distorted, erroneous
흐릿해지고
heu-rit-hae-ji-go — Becoming blurry, growing obscure or dim
뒤섞인
dwi-seok-in — Mixed up, jumbled together, intermingled
인간
in-gan — Human being, mankind, person
마음의
ma-eum-eui — Of the mind, of the heart
문자들은
mun-ja-deul-eun — Characters, letters of the mind (topic marker)
오직
o-jik — Only, solely, exclusively
마음을
ma-eum-eul — The mind, the heart (object marker)
탐구하는
tam-gu-ha-neun — Investigating, exploring, searching deeply into
자에게만
ja-e-ge-man — Only to the person who, solely to one
읽힐 수 있기
il-kil su it-gi — Being able to be read, readable
때문이다
ttae-mun-i-da — It is because, the reason is
그리고
geu-ri-go — And, furthermore, also
비록
bi-rok — Although, even though, despite the fact
우리가
u-ri-ga — We (subject marker), us as a group
인간들의
in-gan-deul-eui — Of humans, belonging to people
행동을
haeng-dong-eul — Actions, behavior (object marker attached)
통해
tong-hae — Through, by means of
때로
ttae-ro — Sometimes, occasionally, at times
그들의
geu-deul-eui — Their, belonging to them
의도를
eui-do-reul — Intentions, purposes (object marker attached)
발견하기도
bal-gyeon-ha-gi-do — Also discovering, even finding out something
하지만
ha-ji-man — However, but, nevertheless
그것을
geu-geo-seul — It, that thing (object marker attached)
우리 자신의
u-ri ja-sin-eui — Our own, belonging to ourselves
것과
geot-gwa — With the thing, compared to something
비교하지 않고
bi-gyo-ha-ji an-go — Without comparing, not comparing to anything
또한
tto-han — Also, additionally, furthermore
상황을
sang-hwang-eul — Situation, circumstances (object marker attached)
변화시킬
byeon-hwa-si-kil — Able to change, capable of altering
있는
it-neun — Existing, there is, having
사정들을
sa-jeong-deul-eul — Circumstances, specific conditions (object marker)
구별하지 않은
gu-byeol-ha-ji a-neun — Not distinguishing, without differentiating things
chae — State of, while leaving something undone
행하는 것은
haeng-ha-neun geo-seun — The act of doing, performing an action
열쇠
yeol-soe — Key, tool used to unlock something
없이
eop-si — Without, lacking, in the absence of
암호를
am-ho-reul — Code, cipher (object marker attached)
해독하려는
hae-dok-ha-ryeo-neun — Trying to decode, attempting to decipher
같으며
ga-teu-myeo — Similar to, like, resembling while
읽는 자
ing-neun ja — One who reads, the reader
자신이
ja-sin-i — Oneself (subject marker), the person themselves
선한 사람이냐
seon-han sa-ram-i-nya — Whether a good person or not
악한 사람이냐에
ak-han sa-ram-i-nya-e — Whether an evil person, regarding wickedness
지나친
ji-na-chin — Excessive, too much, going too far
신뢰
sin-noe — Trust, confidence, reliance on someone
혹은
hok-eun — Or, alternatively, either one
불신으로
bul-sin-eu-ro — Due to distrust, through mistrust
인해
in-hae — Due to, because of, caused by
대부분
dae-bu-bun — Mostly, for the most part, majority
그러나
geu-reo-na — However, but, on the other hand
어떤 사람이
eo-tteon sa-ram-i — A certain person, some individual (subject marker)
다른 사람을
da-reun sa-ram-eul — Another person (object marker), someone else
그의
geu-eui — His, belonging to him
아무리
a-mu-ri — No matter how, however much
완벽하게
wan-byeok-ha-ge — Perfectly, flawlessly, in a complete manner
파악한다
pa-ak-han-da — Grasps, understands thoroughly, comprehends fully
하더라도
ha-deo-ra-do — Even if, regardless of doing something
그것은
geu-geo-seun — That thing (topic marker), as for it
그에게
geu-e-ge — To him, for that person
소수에
so-su-e — To a small number, few in count
불과한
bul-gwa-han — Merely, no more than, only amounting to
지인들에
ji-in-deul-e — To acquaintances, regarding people one knows
관해서만
gwan-hae-seo-man — Only regarding, only about, solely concerning
도움이 될 뿐이다
do-um-i doel bbun-i-da — It is only useful, merely helpful
온 나라를
on na-ra-reul — The whole country (object marker), entire nation
통치해야 하는
tong-chi-hae-ya ha-neun — Must govern, required to rule a country
자는
ja-neun — The one who, the person (topic marker)
자기 자신
ja-gi ja-sin — Oneself, one's own self
안에서
an-e-seo — Within, inside, from within oneself
이 사람 또는 저
i sa-ram tto-neun jeo — This person or that, one or another
아니라
a-ni-ra — Not, rather than, it is not
인류를
in-nyu-reul — Humanity, all of mankind (object marker)
읽어야 한다
il-geo-ya han-da — Must read, ought to understand people
이것은
i-geo-seun — This (topic marker), as for this thing
행하기 어렵고
haeng-ha-gi eo-ryeop-go — Difficult to do, hard to perform
언어나
eon-eo-na — Language or, either language or something
학문을
hang-mun-eul — Scholarship, academic knowledge (object marker)
배우는 것보다
bae-u-neun geot-bo-da — Compared to learning, harder than studying
더 어렵지만
deo eo-ryeop-ji-man — More difficult, but harder than that
내가
nae-ga — I (subject marker), as for me
na — I, me, first-person singular pronoun
독해를
dok-hae-reul — Reading comprehension (object marker), act of reading
질서 있고
jil-seo it-go — Orderly, organized, with proper structure
명료하게
myeong-nyo-ha-ge — Clearly, lucidly, in a plain manner
남겨진
nam-gyeo-jin — Remaining, left behind, what is left
수고는
su-go-neun — Labor, effort, toil (topic marker attached)
그 안에서도
geu a-ne-seo-do — Even within that, also inside it
같은 것을
ga-teun geo-seul — The same thing (object marker), similar matter
발견하는지
bal-gyeon-ha-neun-ji — Whether one discovers, if one finds
고찰하는
go-chal-ha-neun — Examining, contemplating, reflecting carefully upon
종류의
jong-nyu-eui — Type of, kind of, sort of
학설은
hak-sseol-eun — Theory, doctrine (topic marker), scholarly claim
증명도
jeung-myeong-do — Even proof, demonstration, verification
허용하지 않기
heo-yong-ha-ji an-ki — Not permitting, refusing to allow something
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