Leviathan — Page 3

Vocabulary

သော်လည်းကောင်း

thaw leh kawng — Although; even though; nevertheless

၊

(comma mark) — Burmese punctuation mark used as a comma

သူ၏

thu ei — His; belonging to him

စာစီ

sa si — To compose or arrange writing; typesetting

စာရိုက်

sa yaik — To type; to write by typing

သမားများ

thamar mya — Practitioners; persons of a trade or craft

စာလုံးပေါင်း

sa lone paung — Spelling; combination of letters into words

နှင့်

hnin — And; with; together with

ပုဒ်ဖြတ်

pout phyat — Comma; minor punctuation mark in Burmese

ပုဒ်ရပ်

pout yat — Full stop; sentence-ending punctuation mark

အသုံးပြုမှု

a thone pyu hmu — Usage; the act of using something

ပတ်သက်၍

pat thate yway — Regarding; concerning; relating to

သိပ်

thit — Very; extremely; too much

မကန့်သတ်

ma kan that — Without restriction; unlimited; not constrained

ဘဲ

beh — Without doing; particle negating an action

နေခဲ့ကြ

nay kheh kya — Have been; continued to stay or remain

ပုံရ

pone ya — Seems; appears to be the case

သည်။

thi — Sentence-final declarative particle in Burmese

ကောင်းစွာ

kawng zwa — Well; properly; in a good manner

ဆိုပါ

so pa — If we say; let us say; suppose

လျှင်

hlyin — If; when; conditional particle

နှစ်မျိုး

hnit myoe — Two kinds; two types or varieties

စလုံး

sa lone — Both; all of them together

ကို

ko — Object marker particle; to; towards

ကိုးကား

ko ka — To cite; to reference; to quote

သည့်

thi — Relative clause marker particle

အမှတ်အသား

a hmat a tha — Marking; notation; distinctive sign or mark

များ

mya — Plural marker; many; more

ထည့်သွင်း

hteh thwine — To insert; to include; to put in

ခြင်း

ching — Nominalizing suffix; the act of doing

မှ

hma — From; since; ablative case marker

လွဲ၍

lweh yway — Except; other than; apart from

တိတိကျကျ

tite tite kya kya — Precisely; exactly; with accuracy

ပြန်လည်

pyan leh — Again; back; returning to a previous state

ထုတ်ဖော်

htout phaw — To reveal; to express; to make known

ရေးသား

yay tha — To write; to compose in written form

ရန်

yan — In order to; for the purpose of

ကြိုးပမ်း

kyo pan — To strive; to make an effort; to endeavor

ခဲ့သည်။

kheh thi — Past tense marker; did; has done

စာသား

sa tha — Text; written content; wording

ပြင်ဆင်

pyin sin — To prepare; to fix; to correct or revise

ရာတွင်

ya twin — In doing; in the course of; when

တိတ်တဆိတ်

tite ta sait — Quietly; silently; without making noise

ဖတ်ရှု

phat shu — To read; to peruse written material

ကြိုးစား

kyo za — To try hard; to make effort; to attempt

မည့်

myi — Future tense marker; will; going to

အစား

a za — Instead of; in place of; substitute

နှုတ်

hnout — Mouth; speech; to speak orally

တစ်ဝက်

ta wut — Half; one portion of two equal parts

ပြောဆို

pyaw so — To say; to speak; to tell

ပုံစံ

pone san — Form; style; pattern; format

ဖြင့်

phyin — With; by means of; using; instrumental particle

သို့မဟုတ်

tho ma hout — Or; otherwise; alternatively

အသံထွက်

a thun thouet — Pronunciation; how a word is spoken aloud

အဓိပ္ပာယ်

a di paye — Meaning; definition; significance

ပို၍

po yway — More; even more so; to a greater extent

မိုများ

mo mya — Abundant; plentiful; many in number

ပြားကြောင်း

pya kaung — That it is widespread; indicating prevalence

တွေ့ရှိ

tweh shi — To find; to discover; to encounter

၏

ei — Possessive particle; of; belonging to

အလေးအနက်

a lay a nat — Seriousness; gravity; with great emphasis

ထားမှု

hta hmu — Placement; the act of keeping or placing

အသုံးပြု

a thone pyu — To use; to make use of something

ပုံ

pone — Picture; image; form; shape

ထူးဆန်းသော

htu zan thaw — Strange; unusual; peculiar; extraordinary

ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံ

phweh si pone — Structure; constitution; organization; arrangement

တို့သည်

to thi — They; plural subject marker particle

ထိုအခါ

hto a kha — At that time; then; in that moment

အကျိုး

a kyo — Benefit; result; consequence; effect

သက်ရောက်

thet yout — To affect; to have impact on; to apply to

မစ္စတာ

Mitta — Mister; Mr.; male honorific title

ကျွန်ုပ်၏

kyunaw ei — My; mine; belonging to me (formal)

အလွန်

a lwun — Very; extremely; exceedingly

ရိုသေ

yo thay — To respect; to show deference; reverence

လေးစား

lay za — To respect; to hold in high regard

ရသော

ya thaw — Which receives; who obtains; that gets

မိတ်ဆွေကြီး

mait sway ji — Dear friend; great friend; esteemed companion

ထံသို့

htan tho — To; towards (a person); directed at someone

မင်းကြီး

min ji — Great lord; nobleman; high-ranking person

ထံ

htan — To; at (a person); near someone

။

(period mark) — Burmese full stop punctuation mark

သင်၏

thin ei — Your; yours; belonging to you

ထိုက်တန်သော

htike tan thaw — Worthy; deserving; meriting something

ညီမောင်

nyi maung — Younger sibling; junior; brother

သည်

thi — Sentence topic marker; is; am; are

သူ

thu — He; she; that person; third-person pronoun

သက်ရှိ

thet shi — Living; alive; animate being

ရှိနေ

shi nay — To exist; to be present; to remain

စဉ်တွင်

zin twin — During; while; throughout a period

ပညာသင်ကြားမှု

panya thin kya hmu — Education; the process of teaching and learning

တန်ဖိုးရှိ

tan phoe shi — Valuable; having worth; worthwhile

သည်ဟု

thi hu — That it is; reported speech particle

သဘောထား

tha baw hta — Attitude; opinion; stance; disposition

ကာ

ka — While doing; continuing; sequential action particle

သင်

thin — You; second-person pronoun

သိသည့်

thi thi — Which knows; that is known; knowing

အတိုင်း

a tike — According to; as; in accordance with

ကောင်းမွန်သော

kawng mwan thaw — Good; excellent; of high quality

ထင်မြင်ချက်

htin myin chet — Opinion; view; personal perspective

အစစ်အမှန်

a sit a hman — Genuine; true; authentic; real

သက်သေ

thet thay — Proof; evidence; witness; testimony

များဖြင့်

mya phyin — With many; using multiple things

ကျွန်ုပ်

kyunaw — I; me; first-person formal pronoun

ကျေးဇူးပြု

kjay zu pyu — Please; to do a favor; to be kind

ခဲ့ပြီး

kheh pi — Has already done; past completion marker

၎င်းတို့

dingo to — They; those; plural third-person reference

ချင်း

chin — Each other; among; mutual action particle

ကိုယ်တိုင်

ko tine — Oneself; personally; by oneself

ကြီးမြတ်

ji myat — Great; noble; magnificent; highly esteemed

ပြီး

pi — After doing; completion particle; done

ကိုယ်ကျင့်တရား

ko kyin tayah — Ethics; moral conduct; personal virtue

ထိုက်တန်မှု

htike tan hmu — Worthiness; merit; being deserving

ကြောင့်

kyaung — Because of; due to; owing to

အကြောင်းမူကား

a kyaung mu ka — The reason is; because; for this cause

လူ

lu — Person; human being; people

တစ်ယောက်

ta yout — One person; a single individual

ဘုရားသခင်၏

Phaya Tha Kin ei — God's; belonging to God

အစေတော်ခံ

a say daw khan — Servant; one who serves (formal/royal)

မှုသို့

hmu tho — Towards a matter; to a cause or affair

ဖြစ်စေ

phyit say — Whether; regardless; causing to become

မိမိ

mimi — One's own; oneself; reflexive pronoun

နိုင်ငံ၏

nain ngan ei — Of the country; nation's; belonging to country

ယဉ်ကျေးသော

yin kjay thaw — Civilized; cultured; polite; refined

လူ့အဖွဲ့အစည်း

lu a phweh a si — Society; human community; social organization

သို့

tho — To; towards; directional particle

သီးသန့်

thi than — Separately; exclusively; specifically; alone

မိတ်ဆွေဖွဲ့

mait sway phweh — To make friends; to form a friendship

ဦးတည်

u nyi — To aim; to head towards; to target

ချောင်းဆို

chawng so — To flatter; to court; to seek favor

မည်သည့်

myi thi — Which; whatever; whichever; any

အပျိုးအဖြူ

a pyo a phyu — Overture; preliminary approach; courtship attempt

မျှ

hmya — Only; just; as much as; equally

ဆက်ဆံရေး

set san yay — Relations; relationship; dealings between parties

တွင်

twin — In; at; within; locative particle

ထင်ရှားစွာ

htin sha zwa — Clearly; obviously; prominently; evidently

မပေါ်

ma paw — Not appearing; not visible; absent

မလာ

ma la — Did not come; not coming; absent

မနေ

ma nay — Not staying; not remaining; not being

လိုအပ်မှု

lo at hmu — Necessity; need; requirement; shortage

ရရှိသည်

ya shi thi — To obtain; to receive; to acquire

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle; says that; reportedly

မဆို

ma so — Whatever; whichever; no matter what

နိုင်

nain — Can; able to; capable of doing

အခါ

a kha — Time; occasion; when; moment

အားလျော်စွာ

ah lyaw zwa — Accordingly; in accordance with; suitably

ဆောင်ကျဉ်း

saung kjin — To bring; to carry along; to convey

လည်း

leh — Also; too; as well; additive particle

သဘောသဘာဝ

tha baw tha ba — Nature; character; natural disposition

ကြင်နာသော

kyin na thaw — Affectionate; caring; tender; loving

ထဲတွင်

hteh twin — Inside; within; in the interior of

မြဲမြံစွာ

myeh myan zwa — Firmly; steadfastly; persistently; durably

တောက်ပ

tawt pa — To shine; to gleam; bright; radiant

နေသည်။

nay thi — Is; continues to be; present tense marker

ထို့ကြောင့်

hto kyaung — Therefore; for that reason; consequently

သူ့

thu — His; him; third-person possessive short form

ဂုဏ်ပြု

gon pyu — To honor; to pay tribute; to salute

အနေဖြင့်

a nay phyin — As; in the capacity of; in the role of

ကျေးဇူးတင်

kjay zu tin — To be grateful; to give thanks; thankful

သင့်

thin — You; your; suitable; appropriate

ဝန်တိုး

wan to — To add a burden; to increase obligation

အပ်နှင်း

at hnin — To confer; to bestow; to entrust to

နိုင်ငံတော်

nain ngan daw — State; the country; the nation (formal)

ဆိုင်ရာ

sain ya — Related to; concerning; pertaining to

ဤ

i — This; demonstrative pronoun for near referent

ဆွေးနွေးချက်

sweh nweh chet — Discussion; argument; point of debate

ခေါင်းငုံ့

khawng ngoun — To bow the head; to submit humbly

သင့်ထံ

thin htan — To you; towards you; at your presence

ပေးအပ်

pay at — To give; to hand over; to deliver to

လိုက်ပါ

laik pa — To follow; to accompany; to comply

ကမ္ဘာကြီး

kamba ji — The great world; the earth; the universe

၎င်း

dingo — It; that; he/she (formal reference pronoun)

မည်သို့

myi tho — How; in what way; by what means

လက်ခံ

let khan — To accept; to receive; to acknowledge

မည်

myi — Will; shall; future tense marker particle

လည်းကောင်း

leh kawng — Also good; as well; either; likewise

ထောက်ခံ

htout khan — To support; to endorse; to back up

ထင်ရသော

htin ya thaw — That seems; that appears; seeming to be

သူတို့

thu to — They; them; those people; third-person plural

ထိခိုက်

htite kite — To be affected; to be hurt; to suffer impact

မသိ

ma thi — Not knowing; unaware; ignorant of

ပါ

pa — Polite particle; please; also; inclusive marker