McGuffey's Second Eclectic Reader — Page 31

Vocabulary

兄さん

nii-san — Older brother; respectful term for elder male.

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the subject.

から

kara — From; because; starting point or reason particle.

棒

bou — Stick, rod, or pole-shaped object.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

取り上げ

toriage — To take away or pick up something from someone.

よう

you — Expresses intention or attempt to do something.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle connecting clauses.

して

shite — Doing; te-form of suru connecting actions.

つまずい

tsumazui — Stumbled; tripped over something unexpectedly.

て

te — Te-form connector linking sequential actions together.

ボート

booto — Boat; small watercraft for rowing or sailing.

落ち

ochi — Fell; dropped down from a higher position.

しまい

shimai — Ended up (doing); expresses regrettable completion.

まし

mashi — Polite past tense auxiliary verb component.

た

ta — Past tense ending indicating completed action.

パパ

papa — Dad; informal word for father.

ママ

mama — Mom; informal word for mother.

彼

kare — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun.

助けよう

tasukeyou — Let's save or rescue someone; volitional form.

つかまえよう

tsukamaeyou — Let's catch or grab someone; volitional form.

し

shi — And; listing multiple reasons or actions.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also means but.

気がつく

ki ga tsuku — To notice; to become aware of something.

私たち

watashitachi — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

全員

zen'in — All members; everyone in a group.

水

mizu — Water; liquid essential for life.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

中

naka — Inside; middle; among a group or space.

に

ni — Direction or location particle; at, in, to.

い

i — To be; exist (for animate beings); te-form base.

ひっくり返り

hikkurikaeri — Overturned; capsized; flipped upside down.

どの

dono — Which; used to ask about one of many.

助かっ

tasukatt(a) — Was saved; survived a dangerous situation.

か

ka — Question particle placed at sentence end.

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; mostly; nearly all of something.

説明

setsumei — Explanation; describing or clarifying information.

でき

deki — Can do; able to accomplish something.

ない

nai — Negative form; not; does not exist.

くらい

kurai — About; approximately; to the extent that.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, or are.

近く

chikaku — Nearby; close by; in the vicinity.

別

betsu — Separate; different; another distinct one.

男性

dansei — Male person; man; adult male individual.

救い上げ

sukuiage — Pulled to safety; rescued from danger.

くれ

kure — Did for me; giving action benefiting the speaker.

もし

moshi — If; used to introduce a hypothetical condition.

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener.

なけれ

nakere — If not; conditional negative form of nai.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when.

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun.

今日

kyou — Today; the current day.

いとこ

itoko — Cousin; relative who is a child of aunt/uncle.

持た

mota — Had; held; past negative base of motsu.

なかっ

nakatt(a) — Did not have; negative past form.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalized abstract concept.

でしょ

desho — Probably; right?; expressing conjecture or confirmation.

う

u — Volitional ending; let's or probably.

より

yori — From; than; comparative or starting-point particle.

トラ

tora — Tiger; large wild striped cat of Asia.

巨大

kyodai — Enormous; gigantic; very large in size.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

ネコ

neko — Cat; common domestic or wild feline animal.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective modifying a noun.

体

karada — Body; the physical form of a creature.

ほぼ

hobo — Almost; nearly; approximately entirely.

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark-colored adjective.

縞模様

shima moyou — Striped pattern; alternating bands of color.

で

de — At; by means of; location or method particle.

覆わ

oowa — Covered; enveloped; base form of oou.

れ

re — Passive or potential verb auxiliary suffix.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating present or future.

ライオン

raion — Lion; large African wild cat.

異なり

kotonari — Differs; is different from something else.

最も

mottomo — Most; the greatest degree of something.

速い

hayai — Fast; quick; moving at high speed.

馬

uma — Horse; large domesticated or wild equine animal.

でも

demo — Even; but; even so or however.

追いつけ

oitsuke — Can catch up to; able to reach same speed.

ほど

hodo — To the extent; as much as; approximately.

速く

hayaku — Quickly; fast; adverb form of hayai.

走り

hashiri — Running; the act of running fast.

次々

tsugitsugi — One after another; in rapid succession.

跳躍

chouyaku — Leap; jump; bounding movement through the air.

や

ya — And; listing particle connecting similar items.

ジャンプ

janpu — Jump; springing upward or forward movement.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.

地面

jimen — Ground; surface of the earth underfoot.

進ん

susunn(de) — Advanced; moved forward; progressed onward.

いき

iki — Going; progressing; continuation of an action.

昼間

hiruma — Daytime; the hours of daylight.

だけ

dake — Only; just; limited to that alone.

なく

naku — Not only; without; negative adverbial form.

夜

yoru — Night; the dark hours after sunset.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

獲物

emono — Prey; quarry; animal hunted for food.

狙っ

neratt(e) — Aimed at; targeted; hunted a specific prey.

恐ろしい

osoroshii — Terrifying; dreadful; causing great fear.

咆哮

houkou — Roar; loud ferocious cry of a wild animal.

とも

tomo — Both; also; even; inclusive emphatic particle.

人間

ningen — Human being; person; mankind.

つかん

tsukan(de) — Grabbed; seized; grasped tightly with hands.

連れ去っ

turesatt(e) — Carried away; took someone forcibly elsewhere.

とっ

tott(e) — Taking; for the purpose of; regarding something.

ひげ

hige — Whiskers; facial hair or animal sensory hairs.

どんな

donna — What kind of; what sort of thing.

役

yaku — Use; role; purpose; function served.

立つ

tatsu — To stand; to be useful; to serve a purpose.

考え

kangae — Idea; thought; opinion about something.

あり

ari — There is; exists; have (formal/written form).

大きな

ooki na — Large; big; great in size or scale.

仲間

nakama — Companions; group members; fellow associates.

すべて

subete — All; everything; entirely without exception.

動物

doubutsu — Animal; living creature that moves and breathes.

同様

douyou — Similarly; in the same way; likewise.

持つ

motsu — To hold; to have; to carry something.

見つけ

mitsuke — Found; discovered; located something or someone.

とき

toki — When; at the time of a situation.

枝

eda — Branch; twig; limb extending from a tree.

茂み

shigemi — Bush; thicket; dense growth of shrubs.

静かに

shizuka ni — Quietly; silently; in a calm manner.

忍び歩く

shinobiaruku — To sneak; stalk silently; move without being noticed.

間違い

machigai — Mistake; error; something done incorrectly.

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary suffix.

ん

n — Casual negative or explanatory sentence-final particle.