Meditations — Page 2

Vocabulary

こう

kō — thus, in this way, like this

して

shite — doing, and then (te-form of suru)

は

wa — topic marker particle in Japanese

息子

musuko — one's own son

が

ga — subject marker particle in Japanese

い

i — to exist, to be (for animate things)

なかった

nakatta — did not exist, was not present

ため

tame — because of, for the sake of

を

wo — direct object marker particle

養子

yōshi — adopted child, adoptee

に

ni — direction/location/purpose particle

迎え

mukae — to welcome, to receive, to adopt

現在

genzai — currently, at present, the present time

知ら

shira — to know (stem form of shiru)

れ

re — passive auxiliary verb form

て

te — te-form conjunctive particle

いる

iru — to be, ongoing action or state

名前

namae — name, one's personal name

改名

kaimei — changing one's name officially

さ

sa — causative/passive auxiliary suffix

せ

se — causative verb auxiliary form

自分

jibun — oneself, one's own self

の

no — possessive or nominalizing particle

娘

musume — daughter, one's own girl

と

to — with, and, quotation particle

婚約

kon'yaku — engagement, betrothal to marry

せる

seru — causative auxiliary: to make someone do

こと

koto — thing, matter, fact (nominalizer)

なっ

natt — became (te-form of naru)

た

ta — past tense auxiliary verb ending

彼

kare — he, him, that person

教育

kyōiku — education, upbringing, instruction

あらゆる

arayuru — every, all kinds of, every possible

面

men — aspect, face, side, dimension

で

de — at, by means of, particle of manner

丁寧

teinei — polite, careful, thorough, courteous

行わ

okonawa — to carry out, to conduct (stem form)

最も

mottomo — most, extremely, above all others

優れ

sugure — excellent, superior, outstanding

教師

kyōshi — teacher, instructor, educator

たち

tachi — plural suffix for people

招か

maneka — to invite, to summon (stem form)

大い

ōi — greatly, very much, immensely

喜ん

yokon — rejoicing, being glad (conjunctive form)

だ

da — copula, plain present tense be

哲学

tetsugaku — philosophy, philosophical thought

厳格

genkaku — strict, severe, rigorous, stern

な

na — na-adjective connective form particle

教義

kyōgi — doctrine, dogma, religious teaching

もと

moto — under, based on, according to

訓練

kunren — training, drill, discipline, practice

受け

uke — to receive, to undergo training

つつましく

tsutsumashiku — modestly, humbly, in restrained manner

装い

yosooi — attire, dress, appearance, outfit

簡素

kanso — simple, plain, austere lifestyle

生き

iki — to live, living (conjunctive form)

柔弱

jūjaku — weak, feeble, soft, effeminate

贅沢

zeitaku — luxury, extravagance, indulgence

避ける

sakeru — to avoid, to evade, to shun

よう

yō — in order to, so that (purpose)

教え

oshie — teaching, lesson, instruction

られ

rare — passive/potential auxiliary verb form

身体

shintai — body, physique, the physical body

狩猟

shuryō — hunting, the pursuit of game

野外

yagai — outdoors, open air, the fields

競技

kyōgi — sport, athletic competition, contest

よっ

yot — by means of (contracted form of yotte)

鍛え

kitae — to forge, to train, to temper body

体質

taishitsu — constitution, physical disposition, body type

虚弱

kyojaku — weak constitution, frail, delicate health

あっ

att — was, existed (contracted past of aru)

も

mo — also, even, despite (particle)

かかわら

kakawara — regardless of, despite (stem form)

ず

zu — negative auxiliary verb ending

獰猛

dōmō — ferocious, fierce, savage, violent

猪

inoshishi — wild boar, a fierce wild pig

立ち向かう

tachimukau — to confront, to face, to stand against

大きな

ōkina — large, great, big (attributive form)

個人

kojin — individual, personal, private person

的

teki — suffix meaning -ic, -al, pertaining to

勇気

yūki — courage, bravery, nerve, boldness

示し

shimeshi — to show, to demonstrate, to display

同時

dōji — same time, simultaneously, at once

当時

tōji — at that time, in those days

放埒

hōratsu — dissolute, licentious, unrestrained behavior

風潮

fūchō — trend, tendency, prevailing mood

から

kara — from, because of, starting point particle

遠ざけ

tōzake — to keep away, to distance oneself from

おける

okeru — in, at, regarding (formal locative)

熱狂

nekkyō — enthusiasm, frenzy, fanatical excitement

競技場

kyōgijō — stadium, arena, sports venue

いわゆる

iwayuru — so-called, what is known as

派閥

habatsu — faction, clique, political group

間

aida / kan — between, among, interval of time

争い

arasoi — conflict, dispute, rivalry, struggle

競走

kyōsō — race, running competition, contest

御者

gyosha — charioteer, coachman, driver

赤

aka — red, the color red

青

ao — blue or green, the color blue

白

shiro — white, the color white

緑

midori — green, the color green

四色

yonshoku — four colors, four different color groups

うち

uchi — among, within, inside a group

一つ

hitotsu — one thing, one item, one choice

選び

erabi — to choose, to select (conjunctive form)

その

sono — that, the (demonstrative adjective)

支持

shiji — support, backing, endorsement

者

sha / mono — person, one who does something

他

hoka — other, another, besides, else

何

nani / nan — what, anything, whatever

勝る

masaru — to surpass, to exceed, to be superior

熱心

nesshin — enthusiastic, zealous, earnest, keen

それぞれ

sorezore — each, respectively, individually

応援

ōen — cheering, support, rooting for someone

し

shi — and, doing (conjunctive form of suru)

暴動

bōdō — riot, uprising, violent disturbance

腐敗

fuhai — corruption, decay, rot, moral decline

用

yō — use, purpose, for the use of

戦車

sensha — chariot or tank, war vehicle

後

nochi / go — after, later, subsequent time

続い

tsuzui — to continue, to follow after (conjunctive)

そし

soshi — and then, thereafter (conjunctive)

これら

korera — these things, these (plural demonstrative)

すべて

subete — all, everything, entirely

厳しく

kibishiku — strictly, severely, sternly, harshly

距離

kyori — distance, interval, gap between things

置い

ooi — to place, to put, to keep distance

年

nen / toshi — year, years of age

執政

shissei — administration, governance, consular office

官

kan — government official, officer, public servant

昇進

shōshin — promotion, advancement in rank

結婚

kekkon — marriage, wedding, matrimony

成就

jōju — fulfillment, accomplishment, realization

二

ni — two, the number two

もうけ

mōke — to have children, profit, gain

まもなく

mamonaku — soon, before long, shortly after

護民

gomin — protecting the people, tribunes' duty

職

shoku — office, post, occupation, position

その他

sonohoka — other, besides that, in addition

帝国

teikoku — empire, imperial nation or state

栄誉

eiyo — honor, glory, distinction, prestige

授け

sazuke — to grant, to bestow, to confer upon

死去

shikyo — death, passing away (formal term)

帝位

teii — imperial throne, the position of emperor

継承

keishō — succession, inheritance, taking over

ただちに

tadachini — immediately, at once, without delay

自ら

mizukara — oneself, by oneself, personally

共同

kyōdō — joint, cooperative, shared, combined

統治

tōchi — rule, governance, administration of state