Meditations — Page 8

Vocabulary

သို့သော်

thoe thaw — However; but; used to contrast ideas

ခရစ်ယာန်များ

ka-rit-yan mya — Christians; followers of Christianity

အကြောင်း

a-kyaung — About; reason; subject matter of discussion

ပြောဆို

pyaw hsoe — To say; to speak; to state something

သူ၏

thu yay — His; belonging to him; possessive pronoun

ကိုယ်ပိုင်

ko pine — Own; personal; belonging to oneself

လေသံ

le than — Tone of voice; manner of speaking

မှ

hma — From; since; particle indicating source or origin

သူသည်

thu dhi — He; she; subject pronoun with topic marker

သူတို့

thu doe — They; them; third person plural pronoun

ကို

ko — Object marker; to; accusative particle

အစွတ်စွဲ

a-swet swè — Accusation; charge; allegation against someone

ခံရမှု

khan ya hmu — Receiving; suffering; being subjected to something

သိရှိ

thi shi — To know; to be aware of; to understand

သည်

dhi — Sentence marker; is; topic/verb particle

မှာ

hma — At; in; locative particle; also soft command marker

ထင်ရှား

htin sha — Obvious; clear; evident; well-known

ထို့ပြင်

thoe pyin — Furthermore; in addition; moreover

မျှတ

hmya ta — Fair; balanced; just; equitable

သော

thaw — Relative clause particle; that; which; who

ကြားနာမှု

kya na hmu — Hearing; listening; a legal hearing or trial

ရရှိ

ya shi — To obtain; to receive; to get something

ရေး

yay — To write; also used as a nominalizing suffix

ပင်

pin — Even; indeed; emphatic particle

သေချာ

the-cha — Certain; sure; definite; to make sure

စေရန်

say yan — In order to cause; so that; purpose marker

အရေးယူ

a-yay yu — To take action; to apply measures against someone

ဆောင်ရွက်မှု

hsaung ywet hmu — Action; carrying out; implementation of something

တစ်စုံ

tit hsone — Some; any; a certain thing or person

တစ်ရာ

tit ya — One hundred; also means 'any' in combination

ပြုလုပ်

pyu loat — To do; to perform; to carry out an action

ကြောင်း

kyaung — That; because; nominalizing/complementizer particle

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

kyun noe doe — We; us; first person plural formal pronoun

မကြားရ

ma-kya ya — Have not heard; did not hear anything

ပေ

pay — Emphatic particle; indeed; certainly; assertive marker

ဤ

i — This; formal/literary demonstrative pronoun

နှင့်

hnin — And; with; together with; conjunction particle

ပတ်သက်၍

pat thut yway — Regarding; concerning; in relation to something

သူ

thu — He; she; third person singular pronoun

ထက်

htet — Than; more than; comparative particle

သာ၍

tha yway — Better; more so; to a greater degree

ကောင်းမွန်

kaung mun — Good; excellent; of good quality

တွေးခေါ်

tway khaw — To think; to reason; to contemplate deeply

တတ်သော

tat thaw — That is skilled; that tends to; habitually does

စိတ်

seit — Mind; heart; feeling; mental state

တစ်ခု

tit khu — One; a single thing; one item

အတွက်

a-twet — For; for the sake of; because of

ရောမ

yaw ma — Rome; the Roman Empire or city

၏

yay — Possessive particle; of; belonging to

ဘာသာတရား

ba-tha ta-ya — Religion; faith; religious doctrine or belief

ကဲ့သို့

keh thoe — Like; as; similar to; in the manner of

ကျေနပ်မှု

kyay nut hmu — Satisfaction; contentment; feeling of being pleased

အနည်းငယ်

a-hnee ngeh — A little; a small amount; slightly

သာ

tha — Only; merely; just; restrictive particle

ပေးနိုင်

pay nine — Able to give; can provide; capable of offering

မည်

mi — Will; future tense marker; shall

ဖြစ်သည်

phyit dhi — Is; exists; to be; copula verb

၎င်း

da-gin — It; that aforementioned thing; formal pronoun

ဒဏ္ဍာရီ

dan-da-yi — Legend; myth; traditional story

များ

mya — Many; plural marker; a lot of

မကြာခဏ

ma-kya hka na — Often; frequently; many times

ကလေး

ka-lay — Child; children; young person

ဆန်သည်

hsan dhi — To be contrary; to oppose; to go against

သို့မဟုတ်

thoe ma-hote — Or; otherwise; alternatively

မဖြစ်နိုင်

ma-phyit nine — Cannot be; impossible; not possible

အဆုံးအမ

a-hsone a-ma — Advice; guidance; moral instruction

ကျင့်ဝတ်

kyint wut — Ethics; moral conduct; duty; discipline

သက်ဆိုင်မှု

thet hsine hmu — Relevance; relation; connection to something

နည်းပါး

hnee pa — Few; scarce; little in quantity

တကယ်တော့

ta-keh daw — Actually; in reality; to be honest

ညှိနှိုင်းမှု

hnyee hnine hmu — Negotiation; coordination; discussion to reach agreement

သဘောသဘာဝ

tha-baw tha-ba-wa — Nature; character; inherent quality or disposition

ရှိသည်

shi dhi — There is; exists; to have; to be present

လူများ

lu mya — People; many people; human beings

ယဇ်ပူဇော်မှု

yut pu-zaw hmu — Sacrifice; offering; act of ritual worship

ဓလေ့

da-leh — Custom; habit; tradition; usual practice

ထုံးတမ်း

htone dan — Tradition; convention; established custom

ဆောင်ရွက်

hsaung ywet — To carry out; to perform; to implement

ပေးကြ

pay kya — Give (plural); they give; collective giving action

ပြီး

pyi — After; already; completion particle; and then

နတ်ဘုရား

nut phu-ya — God; deity; divine spirit being

မှန်

hmun — True; correct; right; accurate

မမှန်

ma-hmun — Untrue; incorrect; wrong; false

မငဲ့ကွက်

ma-ngeh kwet — Without consideration; regardless; indifferent to

ဘဲ

beh — Without; not doing; negative adverbial particle

မိမိတို့

mi-mi doe — Ourselves; one's own group; reflexive plural pronoun

ကျေးဇူးတော်

kyay-zu-daw — Grace; divine favor; benevolence; blessing

ချပေး

chya pay — To bestow; to grant; to give down to someone

ကိစ္စ

kei sa — Matter; issue; affair; case; concern

တွင်

dwin — In; at; within; locative particle

သဒ္ဓါတရား

thad-da ta-ya — Faith; devout belief; religious conviction

ကြီးသော

kyi thaw — Great; big; large; significant; important

ဝိညာဉ်

win-nyan — Spirit; soul; spiritual essence of a being

အားလုံး

a-lone — All; everyone; everything; entirety

ဒဿနိကဗေဒ

dat-tha-ni-ka-bay-da — Philosophy; the academic study of philosophical thought

ဆီသို့

hsi thoe — Toward; in the direction of; to

ပြန်လှည့်

pyan hleh — To turn back; to return; to revert toward

ရောက်ရှိ

yauk shi — To arrive; to reach; to be present at

ကြသည်

kya dhi — Plural verb marker; they do; collective action

ဂရိ

ga-yi — Greece; Greek; pertaining to ancient Greece

နိုင်ငံ

nine ngan — Country; nation; state; a sovereign territory

မူ

mu — But; as for; topic-contrasting particle

ထို

thoe — That; those; demonstrative pronoun for distance

မျှ

hmya — As much as; equally; only; limiting particle

မပြင်းထန်

ma-pyin htan — Not severe; mild; not intense or harsh

သော်လည်း

thaw leh — Although; even though; concessive conjunction

ထိုနည်း

thoe hnee — In that way; likewise; similarly

လည်း

leh — Also; too; as well; additive particle

ဖြစ်ခဲ့

phyit kheh — Was; became; happened; past tense of 'be'

အစောပိုင်း

a-saw pine — Early period; earlier stage; at an early time

နိုင်ငံတော်

nine ngan daw — The state; the nation; formal term for country

အုပ်ချုပ်ရေး

oat chyoat yay — Administration; governance; rule of a country

ကာလ

ka-la — Period; era; time span; duration

အပြိုင်အဆိုင်

a-pyine a-hsine — Competing; rival; in competition with each other

ဖြစ်သော

phyit thaw — That is; which is; being; relative clause marker

ကျောင်း

kyaung — School; monastery; place of learning

နှစ်ခု

hnit khu — Two; two things; a pair

ရှိပြီး

shi pyi — Having; there being; exists and then

တို့သည်

doe dhi — They are; plural subject marker with topic particle

လက်တွေ့

let tway — Practical; real-world; hands-on; applied

၎င်းတို့

da-gin doe — They; those things; formal plural pronoun

ကြား

kya — Between; among; in the middle of

နယ်ပယ်

neh peh — Field; domain; area; sphere of activity

ခွဲဝေ

khweh way — To divide; to share; to distribute among

ထားသည်

hta dhi — Have placed; have kept; resultant state particle

စီ

si — Each; respectively; in order; distributive particle

ရှေ့

shay — Front; ahead; before; forward direction

ချမှတ်

chya hmut — To set; to establish; to lay down a rule

ထားသော

hta thaw — That has been placed/set; established; pre-existing

ပန်းတိုင်

pan tine — Goal; target; objective; destination

အမည်

a-myi — Name; title; designation of a person or thing

ပေါ်

paw — On; upon; on top of; surface particle

အတော်အတန်

a-taw a-tan — Fairly; considerably; to a reasonable degree

တူညီ

tu nyi — Same; identical; alike; to be the same

စိတ်လှုပ်ရှားမှု

seit hlyoat sha hmu — Emotion; excitement; emotional movement or agitation

ဖိနှိပ်

phi hnit — To suppress; to oppress; to repress feelings

ခြင်း

chin — Nominalizing particle; the act of; -ing suffix

ဖြစ်သည့်

phyit dhi — Which is; that is; relative clause copula form

တောင့်တ

taung ta — To desire; to long for; to crave something

အနှောင့်အယှက်

a-hnaung a-yhet — Disturbance; interference; obstacle; disruption

လွတ်မြောက်

lwut myauk — To be free from; to escape; to be liberated

နောက်ဆုံး

nauk hsone — Final; last; ultimately; at the end

ခိုင်မာ

khine ma — Firm; strong; stable; solid; steadfast

သည်းခံမှု

thin khan hmu — Patience; endurance; tolerance; forbearance

စကား

za-ga — Word; speech; language; conversation

ဖြစ်လာ

phyit la — To become; to come to be; to emerge as

အခြား

a-chya — Other; another; different; else

မထိန်းနိုင်

ma-htain nine — Cannot control; unable to restrain or manage

လွတ်လပ်ခွင့်

lwut lat khwin — Freedom; liberty; right to be free

ယခု

ya-khu — Now; currently; at this present time

အချိန်

a-chein — Time; period; moment; duration

ပတ်သက်

pat thut — To be related; to concern; to be connected with

ရန်

yan — In order to; for the purpose of; purpose marker

မရှိ

ma-shi — Does not exist; there is none; absent

ဂိုဏ်း

gine — Sect; group; school of thought; faction

သမိုင်း

tha-mine — History; historical record; the past

အယူဝါဒ

a-yu wa-da — Ideology; doctrine; belief system; philosophical view

ကြမ်းတမ်းစွာ

kyan dan zwa — Harshly; roughly; severely; in a brutal manner

ချရေး

chya yay — To write down; to note; drafting something written

အကျိုး

a-kyoe — Benefit; result; consequence; advantage

ရှိ

shi — To have; to exist; there is; to be present

တည်ထောင်သူ

ti htaung thu — Founder; establisher; one who founded something

မည်သည့်

mi dhi — Which; what; whichever; interrogative determiner

နှစ်

hnit — Year; also the number two depending on context

မသိ

ma-thi — Do not know; unaware; ignorant of something

ကြောင့်

kyaung — Because of; due to; causal particle

ကျွန်း

kyun — Island; a land mass surrounded by water

မွေးဖွား

mway phwa — To be born; birth; to come into the world

ခဲ့သည်

kheh dhi — Past tense marker; did; has done; occurred before

ဘဝ

ba-wa — Life; existence; state of being alive

ကြမ်းဆန်စွာ

kyan hsan zwa — Brutally; roughly; in a harsh or violent manner

လျှင်

hlyin — If; when; conditional particle

ခရစ်

ka-yit — Christ; referring to Jesus Christ

မတိုင်မီ

ma-tine mi — Before; prior to; not yet reaching a point

ခုနှစ်

khu hnit — Year; used after a number to indicate a year

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle; saying that; as follows

ဆိုနိုင်

hso nine — Can say; it can be said; able to state